EUnited States, amadoda angama-gay angengozini enkulu yokufumana i- HIV ne-AIDS. Phakathi kuka-2010 no-2015, iipesenti ezingama-68 zentsholongwane kaGawulayo ziphakathi kwamadoda alala namadoda. Umngcipheko uphezulu kakhulu kubantu abathandana nabo. Kutheni amadoda angama-gay afuna ukufumana i-HIV?
Kukho izizathu ezininzi zokuba abantu besini nabasetyhini basemngciphekweni ophezulu we-HIV kunabalingani babo ngqo.
Ezinye zezizathu zizinto eziphilayo. Ezinye iintlobo zesini somntu wesini esingumama wesondo zithatha kakhulu ukuhambisa i-HIV. Ezinye izizathu zibonakalisa ukunyaniseka kwezentlalo malunga nendlela amadoda alala ngesini kunye namadoda (MSM) ahlala ehlabathini kwaye aphathwa ngurhulumente.
Indlela i-Biology iyakwandisa ngayo ingozi ye-HIV yamaGay kunye nabasetyhini
Akunabo bonke abesilisa abathandana nabasetyhini abanandipha Nangona kunjalo, isondo sangasesinye esinye sezizathu ezibalulekileyo ukuba amadoda angama-gay anamazinga aphakamileyo ye-HIV. Iingcali zenzululwazi ziye zaqikelela ukuba izinga lokusasazeka ngeHIV ngexesha lokulala ngokwesini liphindwe ngamaxesha angaphezu kwe-18 ngaphezu kwesantya ngexesha lokwabelana ngesondo . Umngcipheko wokufumana i-HIV ngexesha lesenzo sokulala esingavikelekanga siqikelelwe ukuba ngama-1.4 ekhulwini.
Abanye abesilisa kunye nabasetyhini baxhamla ngesondo esilumkileyo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho enye into eyenza i-biological isifo esingafaniyo nesini esingabayeni besilisa. Ziyakwazi kakhulu ukubandakanya "zombini" kunye ne "bottoming", okanye ukungena kunye nokufumana. Oku kwaziwa ngokuba yintlukwano , kwaye iboniswe ukwandisa umngcipheko we- HIV.
Ngoba? Amadoda athetha ukuthobela, ukulalana okungaxhatshazwayo okusemthethweni, basengozini enkulu yokufumana i-HIV . Amadoda abasebenzisa ukufaka ingcinezelo, ukulalana okungavikelekanga kunokwenzeka ukuba banokudlulisela i-HIV kumaqabane abo. Xa abantu besenza zombini, ukuhlanganiswa kweziphathamandla kulungelelanisa ukusasazeka kwe-HIV ngendlela engabonakaliyo kwiibini ezitshatileyo.
Kwizibini ezitshatileyo, amadoda aphezulu kakhulu ukuba angene kwaye abafazi bangene. Ngenxa yoko, i-HIV ikwazi ukusasazeka kumlingani wesilisa ukuya kumlingani wesetyhini kunoko-vice.
IWatchtower LAYBRARI EKWI-INTANETHI ILIMI LEZINCWADI
Akukhona nje i-biology eyenza amadoda angama-gay anako ukufumana i-HIV. Amaziko oluntu ahlawula indima. Ngokukodwa, kuboniswe ukuba i-mophobia yenza kube nzima ukuba amadoda angama-gay afumane ukunakekelwa kwezempilo. Ezinye iintlobo zeentlupheko zomthetho kunye noluntu zichaphazela ukufikelela kwazo ngokunjalo. Ukungabikho kokufikelela okunokuthenjelwa kokunakekelwa kungenza umehluko omkhulu ekusasazeni kwe-HIV. Ingakhokelela ekulibazisekeni ukuxilongwa kunye nokunyangwa kosulelo lwe-HIV. Le nto ibuhlungu ngokwenene. Abantu badla ngokusasazeka ngexesha losulelo olutsha (olutsha) . Oku kuyinyaniso xa bengazi ukuba banesifo. Ukukhawuleza, unyango olusebenzayo lubaluleke kakhulu, njengoko unyango luyancipha ukunyusa. Enyanisweni, ngulo mgaqo osemva kwonyango njengendlela yokuthintela. Ngako oko, ukulibazisa ukunakekelwa kwezempilo kwandise ngakumbi ingozi ye-HIV kwi-MSM.
Ukongezelela, amaqela athile angamadoda angama-gay aphezulu kakhulu engozini. Umngcipheko wabo uphakamileyo kuba ipesenteji enkulu yabalingani babo abanokusuleleka kwintsholongwane.
Xa abantu abaninzi kuluntu bane-HIV, kukho umngcipheko ophezulu ukuba umntu uza kubonakala. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kwi-MSM emnyama. Bahlala behlala emancinci kakhulu, kuluntu olunobungozi obuphezulu. Ngaloo ndlela, ingozi yabo yentsholongwane kaGawulayo isoloko iphakamileyo kuneyezinye i-MSM. Kuyinyani naxa ukuziphatha kwabo nokuziphatha kwabo kuphephile.
Ngokomzekelo, i-MSM emnyama eUnited States kanamathuba amathathu okuba ne-HIV njengenye i-MSM, inyanisekileyo nangona kunjalo, ngokuqhelekileyo, abanako amathuba okuba bahlanganyele kwimimiselo engozi. Ngokomzekelo, abanako ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ngexesha lesini. Nangona kunjalo, akuyena nje umngcipheko ophezulu we-pool pool yabo ebangela ukuba ukungalingani.
Ukuthelekiswa nezinye i-MSM ene-HIV, i-MSM emnyama ne-HIV nayo incinci:
Le micimbi ibonisa ukungalingani kwempilo kwenkqubo yohlanga. Ezi ziphumo azikhawulelwanga kwi-HIV okanye kwi-MSM emnyama.
Ukujongana neStigma Eyenza Abantu Babize i-AIDS iGay Disease
Abantu ngamanye amaxesha banqabisa amadoda angama-gay ngenxa yengozi ephezulu ye-HIV. Bathi bayazibandakanya kwiimeko zokuziphatha, okanye benze izigwebo zokuziphatha malunga nokuba kuthetha ukuthini isini. Nangona kunjalo, i-AIDS ayiyona isifo somdlavuza. Enyanisweni, ehlabathini lonke, ii-HIV ezininzi ezithathelwa ngesondo zazisasazeka ngobudlelwane bobulili obufanayo. Ngoko kutheni amadoda angama-gay athola i-HIV? Iingcali zenzululwazi ziye zabala ukuba i-80-90 yepesenti yesifo se-HIV kumadoda angama-gay aya kulahleka ukuba isantya sokutshatyalaliswa ngexesha lokulala kwesinye isondo esifanayo. Ulwahlulo lwamaqela lungaphinda lulahle amanani ngama-20-50 ekhulwini. Ukubeka ezo zinto zimbini zingabanqumla amanqaku angama-95 ekhulwini lwe-HIV ekubonweni kwabasetyhini. Ngamanye amazwi, akukho okokuqala ukuziphatha okubeka amadoda angama-gay engozini ephezulu ye-HIV. I biology.
Ukufikelela okungekho kwinqanaba lokunakekelwa kwezempilo elingenakugweba kuya kunceda.Khetha umhlaba apho amadoda angama-gay aziva ekhuselekileyo ekudaleni ingozi yabo yesondo kubagqirha babo. Oku kungenza umehluko omkhulu. Basenokuvavanywa rhoqo. Emva koko babephatha ngokukhawuleza. Ngaloo ndlela, unyango lwangaphambili luya kunciphisa umngcipheko wabantu abachaphazela amaqabane abo kunye nokuphucula impilo yabo. Ngelishwa, isincomo se-CDC sovavanyo lwe-HIV jikelele (ukuba wonke umntu, kungekhona nje amadoda angama-gay) akazange abe nempembelelo enkulu ngokwaneleyo. Oogqirha abambalwa kakhulu kunye neeklinikhi sele belandela imithetho.
Ngethamsanqa, kukho impawu yokuba izinto ziya kuphucula. Xa idatha enamandla ikhutshwe kubonisa ukuba ukunciphisa umthamo wentsholongwane kuyanciphisa amathuba okudluliselwa ngesondo nge-HIV, imigaqo-nkqubo ishintshile. Iidolophu ezinkulu zaqala ukuphakamisa ukufikelela kwinqanaba le-HIV. Basusa izithintelo ezihambelana nombolo ye-CD4 eyayithetha abantu abane-HIV kufuneka balinde ukuqala unyango. Olu tshintsho lunokuba luncedo olukhulu kumabhinqa angama-gay serodiscordant. Ukunciphisa umthamo wentsholongwane yomntu oyintsholongwane akuyona nje indlela yokwenza unyango. Kwakhona kunceda ukugcina amaqabane abo ezesondo ekhuselekileyo kwintsholongwane. Ukufumanisa kwesi siphumo, esaziwa ngokuthi " unyango njengendlela yokuthintela " iyaqhubeka nokubuyisela umgaqo-nkqubo we-HIV e-US Kwakhona utshintsha indlela odokotela kunye nososayensi abajonga ngayo ukukhusela i-HIV emhlabeni jikelele.
> Imithombo:
> I-Beyrer, C., i-Baral, i-SD, i-vanGriensven, i-F. Goodreau, i-SM, i-Chariyalerstak, i-S., i-Wirtz, i-A., ne-Brookmeyer, i-R. (2012) I-epidemiology yehlabathi jikelele ye-HIV kwindoda enesondo kunye namadoda. Lancet . 380 (9839): 367-377
> Amacandelo okuLawula nokuLawula izifo. I-incidence HIV and incidence in the United States, 2010-2015. INgcaciso yeNgcaciso yeNgcaciso ye-HIV 2018; 23 (uNombolo 1). http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/library/reports/hiv-surveillance.html. Ishicilelwe ngo-Matshi 2018. Kufumaneka ngoMatshi 27, 2018.
> Goldman DP, Juday T, Linthicum MT, Rosenblatt L, Ufuna D. Ithemba lokufumana isizukulwana esingenasifo se-HIV sinokufikeleleka ukuba ngaba kwenziwe izigqibo ezifanelekileyo zomgaqo-nkqubo. I-Aff Aff Health (Millwood). 2014 Mar; 33 (3): 428-33. i-doi: 10.1377 / hlthaff.2013.1280.
> NGAPHAMBILI QALA iqela lokuFunda. I-Treatment of Antiretroviral Therapy kwi-Early Infection HIV Infection. N Engl J Med. 2015 Aug 27; 373 (9): 795-807. i-doi: 10.1056 / NEJMoa1506816.
> Millett, GA, Peterson, JL, Flores, SA, Hart, TA, Jeffries, WL, Wilson, PA, Rourke, SB, Heilig, CM, Elford, J., Fenton, KA> 2012 Ukuthelekiswa kweentlupheko kunye nobungozi bokusuleleka ngo-HIV kumntu omnyama namanye amadoda alala namadoda eKhanada, e-UK nase-USA: uhlalutyo lweemeta. Lancet . 380 (9839): 341-348