Ukunciphisa i-Viral ichazwa ngokuthi, ngokwenene, ukucima okanye ukunciphisa umsebenzi kunye nokuphindaphinda kwintsholongwane. Xa kuxubusha unyango lwe-antiretriviral ye- HIV , i-regimen ithathwa njengempumelelo kakhulu xa iyanciphisa umthamo wentsholongwane yomntu kumanqanaba angabonakaliyo. Igama elithi "umthamo wentsholongwane" lithetha inani le-HIV nganye nge-ml yegazi. Ngamanye amazwi, inani legciwane legazi.
Ukunyuswa kweNtsholongwane kunye neHIV
Ngokuqhelekileyo, abantu abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo kufuneka basebenzise unyango lwe-antiretroviral (i-cART - eyaziwa ngokuba yi-antiretroviral ye-anti-antiretroviral okanye i-HAART) ukuphumeza ukunyanzelwa kwe-HIV. Oku kuchazwa njengokuba izinga legazi lokujikeleza egazini lihlala liphantsi okanye lingabonakali. Kufuneka ukuba unyango lwe-antiretroviral luyimfuneko kuba i-HIV inokuguquka xa isicatshulwa esisodwa (esibizwa ngokuba yi-monotherapy) sisetyenziswa. Kunzima nakakhulu ukuba i-HIV ibe yi -anti-drug resistant in the presence of a multi-drug regimen. Kuyinyaniso nokuba ngaba ezo ziyobisi zifumaneka kwipilisi enye .
Ngamanye amaxesha, imirhumo ethile yeCART ayikwazi ukunceda isigulane esine-HIV sifumane umthwalo wentsholongwane engabonakaliyo. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ukuhlanganiswa okutsha kweziyobisi kuya kuvivinywa kuze kube yinto epheleleyo yokunyanzelwa kwintsholongwane. Nangona kunjalo, ukufumana iziphumo zokuvavanya ezibonisa ukuba ama-HIV amaninzi egazini awakubonakaliyo akufani nawaxelelwa ukuba uphilisiwe kwintsholongwane.
Nangona akukho ntsho longwane ekhoyo egazini, iiseli ezinentsholongwane kaGawulayo zihlala zihlala emzimbeni . Ngoko ke, kukho inokwenzeka ukuba intsholongwane iya kuqala ukuphindaphinda (ikopi ngokwayo) kwakhona ukuba unyango lwe-antiretroviral luya kumiswa. Ukongezelela, ukuba nomthwalo "ongenakwenzeka" wentsholongwane wentsholongwane uthetha ukuba kukho iikopi ezimbalwa zegciwane ukuba zifunyenwe ziimvavanyo zangoku.
Ngaloo ndlela, "into engabonakaliyo" yinto ekujoliswe kuyo. Iminyaka engamashumi amabini edlulileyo iimvavanyo zazingekho phantsi. Ngako oko, izinto ezibizwa ngokuba yi-viral load, zange ziphezulu kakhulu kunokuba zikhona namhlanje.
Oku kuthethi, zininzi izibonelelo ezinokuthi zigcine umthwalo ongenakwenzeka. Abantu abaneempembelelo zeemvavanyo ezibonisa imithwalo engavumelekiyo yentsholongwane yilezi ziphilile kunezo ziphumo ezibonisa amanqanaba aphezulu egazini. Ukongezelela, abantu abaphumelele umthwalo wentsholongwane engabonakaliyo banamathuba amaninzi okudlulisela i-HIV kumaqabane abo ngokwesini. Lo ngumgaqo oqhuba unyango njengendlela yokuthintela okanye i-TasP. I-TaSP yilapho abantu abane-HIV banikwa unyango lokuqala ukuba bangaphuculanga impilo yabo kuphela kodwa impilo yabo yoluntu.
Ukunyuswa kweNtsholongwane ngokubanzi
Utsholongwane kaGawulayo yimiba ephambili apho abaninzi abantu baya kuphulaphula i-term suppal suppression . Nangona kunjalo, akuyena kuphela umxholo apho ukunyanzeliswa kwe-viral kuchaphazelekayo. Amandla omzimba wokuthintela ukuphindaphinda kwentsholongwane kunye nokunciphisa umthamo wentsholongwane echaphazelekayo ekuxubeni kwezifo ezininzi ezingasigxina. Oku kubandakanyeka ngezinye izifo ze- hepatitis ze- sexually transmitted . Ukunciphisa i-Viral yinkqubo yokwenza unyango lwezinye iigciwane.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba, njengoko kuchazwe ngasentla, unyango lwezonyango alisoloko luyimfuneko ukuphumeza ukunyanzelwa kwegciwane. Kwezinye iigciwane, ngamanye amaxesha, isistim somzimba singakwazi ukunciphisa amanqanaba ukuya kwinqanaba lokuba intsholongwane ayifumaneki kwigazi. Kwezinye iimeko, i-immune system iyakunqumla intsholongwane ngokupheleleyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukunyanzelwa kwe-virus akuqhelekanga kusetyenziswe ukuchaza inkqubo yokuphelisa intsholongwane emzimbeni. Ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziselwa ukuchaza imeko apho igciwane lilawulwa khona, kodwa apho lisekhona kumanqanaba aphantsi (okanye angabonakaliyo). Olu lawulo lunokufezekiswa ngolu hlobo lwe-immune okanye ngonyango.
Imizekelo: Izidakamizwa ezininzi ezisetyenziswa njengenxalenye yesifo sengculaza sinokusebenza kakuhle ekuthintela ukusuleleka kwe-hepatitis B engapheliyo. Ezi zonyango zibhekwa ukuba zinokusebenza ngokubhekiselele kwiintlobo zombini. I-HIV kunye ne-hepatitis zihlala zifunyaniswa ndawonye kwizigulane ezinobungozi.
Imithombo:
Engell CA, Pham VP, Holzman RS, Aberg JA. Isiphumo se-Virologic sokusebenzisa i-Tenofovir / Emtricitabine Ukunyanga i-Hepatitis B kwi-HIV-Coinfected Patients. ISRN Gastroenterol. 2011; 2011: 405390.