Iintsholongwane ezinhlanu ze-Hepatitis Virus
I-hepatitis engumlwelwe isifo sesibindi esibangelwa ukutyhila kwesinye sezifo zintsholongwane ze-hepatitis. Intsholongwane nganye ibizwa ngegama le-alfabhethi, i-hepatitis A nge-E. Nangona ezinye iintsholongwane zingabangela i-hepatitis, kuphela ezihlanu zibhekwa njenge-virus ye-hepatitis.
Inye nganye yee-virus ze-hepatotropic zifana ngeendlela ezininzi. Bonke abachaphazela iiseli zesibindi esibangela ukuvuvukala.
Ngokuxhomekeka kwintsholongwane engobangela ubandezelo, kukho ukugula okugqithisayo okuvelisa iimpawu kunye neempawu ezifanayo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuqonda kangcono iintsholongwane zifuna ukwazi ukuba zihluke njani. Makhe sijonge ngamnye ngokusondeleyo.
I-Hepatitis A
Iingqinisiso ezibalulekileyo: Abantu badla ngokubhenela kwi-hepatitis A ngokutya okanye ukusela into enokungcoliswa yintsholongwane. Usulelo luvame ukuzincipha kwaye lube nempembelelo eyahlukileyo kubantu abahlukeneyo: abantwana abanakho iimpawu kanti abantu abadala banokuba nezibonakaliso ezinzima kwaye bagule kwiinyanga ezimbini. Emva kokusuleleka, abantu banokupheliswa kwakhona kwesi sifo.
Xa umntu egula nge-hepatitis A, loo mntu uya kudlula intsholongwane kwiindawo zakhe. Emazweni asathuthukayo aneenkqubo ezihlambulukileyo zokuhlambulula amanzi, izitsholongwane ezinokusuleleka zingonakalisa wonke amanzi. Emazweni athuthukileyo, njengase-Australia, eJapan, eNtshona Yurophu, eCanada naseUnited States, i-hepatitis A isoloko isasazwa ngabantu abanesifo sengcinezelo kodwa abayihlamba izandla kakuhle (okanye nakhona) emva kokuya kwindlu yangasese .
Ukucoceka kakuhle nokuphepha ukutya kunye namanzi kungcola kakhulu, kodwa ukukhusela okusemgangathweni kukufumana isitofu sokugonywa kwe-hepatitis A - okucetyiswa ngokukhethekileyo ngaphambi kokuhamba kwindawo ngaphandle kokunikwa kwamanzi okukhuselekileyo.
I-hepatitis B
Iinkcukacha eziphambili: I- Hepatitis B iyisifo esiphethwe yigazi esivame ukusasaza iindlela ezininzi: ngoqhagamshelwano lwezesondo, ukusuka kumama ukuya kwengane ngexesha lokubeleka, okanye ngoqhagamshelwano ngqo kunye negalelo legazi.
Njengesifo esibi, i-hepatitis B iya kuhamba ngeenyanga eziliqela, kodwa abantu abaninzi baya kuba ne-HIV engapheliyo, okwandisa ingozi yokuphuhlisa ezinye izifo. Izifo ezimbini ezibalulekileyo ziyi-cirrhosis kunye nomhlaza wesibindi. I-hepatitis B engapheliyo iphathwa ngokudibanisa imithi yokulwa neyeza. Isicwangciso esona sigqwesileyo kukukhusela usulelo kwindawo yokuqala ngokufumana ukugonya kwe- hepatitis B.
I-Hepatitis C
Iimpawu eziphambili: I- Hepatitis C iyisifo esithwala igazi esasasazeka ngokuthe ngqo kwi-blood-to-blood contact. Ubuncinane isiqingatha sawo onke amatyala amatsha ka-hepatitis C asasazeka ngokuwabelana ngezilwanyana ezingekho mthethweni okanye imisebenzi. I-Hepatitis C isasazeka ngoqhagamshelwano lwezesondo kodwa oku kunqabile. Akukho sitofu se-hepatitis C okwangoku, kubalulekile ke ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokusuleleka ngokungabambisene negazi elisulelekileyo kunye nemigaqo elula yokukhusela . Nangona i- hepatitis C iqala njengesifo sosuleleko kwaye sinokuphela kweenyanga ezimbalwa, abaninzi abantu baya kuba ne-HIV. Oku kudinga unyango kunye nokudibanisa imishanguzo yemithi.
I-hepatitis D
Iimpawu eziphambili: I- Hepatitis D yintsholongwane ekhethekileyo ekwazi ukusuleleka umntu osuleleke kwi- hepatitis B. Ngenxa yeso sizathu, ukugonywa nge- hepatitis B kuya kukhusela nokukhuselwa kwe- hepatitis D.
Ingcinezelo yegazi kwaye iya kuphuhliswa nokuba yintsholongwane yohlobo lwe-hepatitis B, okanye i-hepatitis B. engapheliyo, nokuba iya kuphathwa kunye ne-infection ye-hepatitis B.
I-hepatitis E
Iingqinisiso ezibalulekileyo: Ngokuyinhloko, i- hepatitis E ifana ne-hepatitis A ngendlela esasazeka ngayo kwaye uhlobo lwesifo esibangelayo-nangona kunjalo, kaninzi kunzima kakhulu kwaye kunokufumana iziphumo ezinzulu kubasetyhini abakhulelweyo kunye neentsana zabo. I-Hepatitis E ixhaphake kakhulu kumazwe amaninzi athuthukayo kwaye isasazeka kumazwe athuthukileyo ngokuhamba ngokufudula nokufuduka. Akukho sitofu esilutholakalayo okwangoku, kodwa ukuphepha ukutya kunye namanzi angcolileyo, kwaye ukuqhuba ukuhlanjululwa kwesandla rhoqo kukukho iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokukhusela usulelo.
Akusasazeka ukusuka kumntu ukuya kumntu.
Ngaba kukho i-Virus ye-Hepatitis G?
Ezinye iincwadi ezindala kunye newebhusayithi uluhlu olongezelelweyo lwee-hepatitis. Ezi zinjengeentlobo ezinjengegciwane-ntsholongwane ezidluliselwa kwigazi eliye lakhankanywa ukuba libangele i-hepatitis kodwa:
- I-hepatitis G
- Intsholongwane yokudluliselwa kwe-HIV (iTTV)
Ezinye iiVirus ezenza i-Viral Hepatitis
"I-virus ye-hepatitis" yenye yee virus ezinhlanu ze- hepatotropic , ezibizwa ngokuba ngu-A nge-E. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ezinye iindiza kunye nezifo ezingabangela i-hepatitis kunye neempawu ezifana ne-viral hepatitis, ngaphezu kwezinye izifo. Abathathu baninzi:
- I-mononucleosis
- I-Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
- I-Epstein-Barr virus
Imithombo:
Amacandelo okuLawula nokuKhuselwa kwezifo. NgoJulayi 10, 2008. I-Viral Hepatitis.
Dienstag, JL. I-Hepatitis enobuGciwane. Ku: AS Fauci, E Braunwald, DL Kasper, SL Hauser, DL Longo, JL Jameson, J Loscaizo (eds), i -Principals of Medicine Internal , 17e. ENew York, kuMcGraw-Hill, ngo-2008.