Insulin yohlobo lwe-2 lweswekile
I-insulin inokuba yinto enentloni yokudibanisa nohlobo lwesifo sikashukela, kodwa ungabonakali 2. Ukunyaniseka kukuba, njengoko uneminyaka yobudala, i-pancreas yakho ingakwazi ukhathala, kwaye iiseli ze-beta ezenza i-insulin (i-hormone ekunceda ukusimisa iswekile yegazi ) angafa okanye ahlambe. Xa oku kwenzeka, ngokuhamba kwexesha, ukulawula iswekile yegazi ngokutya, ukuzivocavoca, kunye neyeza zomlomo wedwa akusekho ngokwaneleyo ukulawula uhlobo lwakho lwesifo sikashukela ngokufanelekileyo.
Oko kuthetha ukuba kufuneka uthathe i-insulin engumntu.
Unokufuna kwakhona i-insulin ukuba i-sugar suars yakho iphakame kakhulu xa ufumene ukuxilongwa, okanye ukuba awukwazi ukulawula iswekile yegazi ngeyeza lomlomo, ukutya kunye nokuzivocavoca. Ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho, unokufumana kuphela i-insulin ixesha elincinci lokumisa iishukela zegazi. Abanye bangadinga ukuthatha ixesha elide.
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I-Free Freestyle: I-Glucose Meter ngaphandle kweNgqungquthela yeMinwe
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Indlela I-insulin isebenza ngayo kwiBhunga
I-regimen yonyango yesifo sikashukela wonke umntu ihambelana neemfuno zayo ezithile. Ukuba uqala i-insulin, xubusha ukuba kutheni uncomeka, uluhlobo luni olusetyenziselwe ukuthatha, kunye nendlela yokulusebenzisa ngayo nomboneleli wakho wezempilo.
Yintoni Eyona Ntsholongwane?
I-insulin inendima emininzi, kodwa eyona nto iphambili kukunceda ukulinganisela iswekile yegazi. Ikhuthaza ukutyunjwa kweswekile ukusuka kwigazi ukuya kwi-muscle, kwesibindi, nakwiiseli ezinamafutha, apho zisetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kwamandla okanye zigcinwe kwiimfuno zamandla ezizayo.
Xa sidla i-carbohydrates, i-pancreas ikhupha umthwalo omkhulu we-insulin ukuzisa iswekile yegazi. Kwaye xa siphumule, i-pancreas ivelisa inani elincinci le-insulin yonke imini ukuze kugcinwe isishu egazini.
Abantu abangenayo isifo sikashukela benza inani elipheleleyo le-insulin ukulawula iswekile yegazi ngokwabo. Kodwa abantu abanesifo sikashukela, nangona kunjalo, abanako ukukwenza oko. Ngamanye amaxesha, abantu abanesifo sikashukela se-2 bangakwazi ukulawula iishukela zegazi kunye namayeza omlomo , ukutya kunye nokuzivocavoca. Ngamanye amaxesha, kufuneka bathathe i-insulin ende ende, ixesha lokutya i-insulin , okanye ukudibanisa bobabini ukufumana umsebenzi.
Ziziphi iintlobo ze-insulini ezikhoyo?
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-insulin ezikhoyo:
- I-insulin ende ende
- I-insulin esebenza ngokukhawuleza
- Mfutshane ukwenza i-insulin
- I-insulin esebenza phakathi
- Insulini edibeneyo
Uhlobo ngalunye lwe-insulin luyadalwa ngenjongo ethile. Ezinye zibhekiselelwe ekunciphiseni ushukela emva kokutya, abanye ukugubungela ushukela wegazi emini, kwaye ezinye zenziwa ukuba zenze zombini. Ngamanye amaxesha abantu kufuneka bathathe uhlobo olulodwa lwe-insulin. Amanye amaxesha, abantu kufuneka bathathe iintlobo ezimbini. I-insulini iyahluka ekuqaleni (kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba i-insulin iqalise ukusebenza emva kokuba uyijobe), ingqungquthela (xa i-insulin isebenza ngamandla kakhulu ukunciphisa ushukela wegazi), kunye nobude (ixesha elide kangakanani i-insulin ehlala emzimbeni wakho).
Abanye abantu abanesifo sikashukela kufuneka bathathe iintlobo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo ze-insulin ukulawula iswekile yegazi. Ukuba abanako ukusebenzisa iipenki ezimbini ezahlukeneyo (okanye ezinye iindlela zokuhambisa), imixube ye-insulin esebenza ngokukhawuleza kunye ne-insulin esebenza ngokukhawuleza okanye i-insulin engamafutshane ifumaneka. Awukwazi ukudibanisa i-insulin yangexesha elide kunye ne-insulin ekwenzeni ngokukhawuleza okanye emfutshane emxube omnye. I-insulin engaphambi kokuxutywa yi-Prexin ngaphambili ayisoloko iyindlela ethembekileyo yokulawula iswekile yegazi, kodwa enye indlela yokuthatha ii-injection ezininzi kwaye mhlawumbi kube lula kulabo bantu abadala okanye abakwaziyo ukwenza iinjenisi ezimbini ezihlukeneyo ze-insulin. Ezi ntlobo zemixube ye-insulin ayinanto ekhethekileyo kubantu abanqumla ukutya okanye abaneeshedyuli zokutya ezingaqhelekanga.
Ugqirha wakho uya kukuxelela ukuba uluphi uhlobo lwe-insulin ofuna ukuyithatha kwaye kutheni. Ngamanye amaxesha isicwangciso sakho se-inshurensi sikhetha uhlobo oluthile lwe-insulin. Ukuba iindleko zakho ze-insulin ziphezulu kakhulu, unokufuna ukutshekisha umphathi wakho womshuwalense ukuqinisekisa ukuba uthatha i-insulin ekhethiweyo.
Nazi ezinye iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-insulin kunye nendlela eziqhathaniswa ngayo:
| Uhlobo lwe-insulin | Qala | I Peak | Ubude | U mzekelo |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I-insulin esebenza ngokukhawuleza | 10 ukuya ku-30 imizuzu | 30 ukuya kwimizuzu engama-90 | 3 ukuya kwiiyure ezingama-5 | I-Apidra (i-insulin glulisine) I-Humalog (i-insulin lispro) I-NovoLog (insulin aspart) |
| I-insulin ekwi-short-acting | 30 ukuya ku-60 imizuzu | 2 ukuya kwiiyure ezingama-5 | Ukufikelela kwiiyure ezingama-12 | I-Humulin R (i-insulin rhoqo) I-Novolin R (i-insulin rhoqo) |
| I-insulin esebenza phakathi | 1.5 ukuya kwiiyure ezine | Iiyure ezingama-4 ukuya kwi-12 | Iiyure eziyi-12 ukuya kwi-16, kodwa zihlala ixesha elide ezingama-24 iiyure | I-Humulin N (i-NPH insulin) I-Novolin N (i-NPH insulin) |
| I-insulin ende ende | 1 iyure | ncinane | Iiyure ezingama-20 ukuya kuma-24 | Lantus (insulin glargine) * Levemir (insulin detemir) I-Toujeo (i-lantus kwifom yayo ephambili) ** I-Tresiba (i-insulin degludec) |
| Insulini edibeneyo | 5 ukuya kweyimizuzu engama-60 | iyahluka | Iiyure ezili-10 ukuya kwezi-16 | I-Humalog 50/50 (50% esebenza ngokukhawulezileyo + 50% esebenza ngokukhawuleza) I-Humalog 75/25 (i-75% esebenza ngokukhawuleza + 25% esebenza ngokukhawuleza) I-Humulin 50/50 (i-50% esebenza ngokukhawulezileyo + 50% ibambe i-short-acting) I-Humulin 70/30 (i-70% esebenza ngokukhawulezileyo + 30% I-Novolin 70/30 (i-70% esebenza ngokukhawuleza + 30% i-short acting-acting) I-NovoLog 70/30 (i-70%-esebenza ngokukhawuleza + 30% esebenza ngokukhawuleza) |
* La mayeza angatshintsha ngendlela ehlala ngayo emzimbeni; Abantu kwiimilinganiselo ezinkulu bangadinga ukuthatha ii-injections ezininzi.
** Ezinye iziphumo zibonisa ukuba ungahluka maxesha angenayo yezilwanyana kwaye unako ukulawulwa kweshukela efanayo.
Ndiyithatha njani i-insulin?
I-insulin inokuhanjiswa ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zezixhobo. Into eqhelekileyo kubantu abanesifo seswekile esasetyenziswa namhlanje kuthiwa yi-insulin ipen. Ezinye iifayile ziquka i-vial kunye nesirinji, ipompo ye-insulin, ipompo ye-insulin ipom, kunye ne-insulin.
Ipeni ye-insulin : Ipeniti ye-insulin yisistim esetyenziswa ukuhambisa i-insulin isebenzisa inaliti encinci, enokuthi ifumaneke . Iinjongo zingasetyenziselwa ukuhambisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuthatha i-insulin edala kunye nokukhawuleza, kunye ne-premixed insulin formulations. Bafumana igama labo ngenxa yokuba bayizikhulu nobukhulu beenkenki zeyinki.
Ipen ingaba i-insulin yangaphambili (ezo zilahla) okanye unokumisela ipeniti ehlaziywayo. Ukuba unepensi evuselelekayo, kufuneka uyilayishe nge-cartridge ye-insulin (ithengiswe ngokwahlukileyo kwiibhokisi zeekhodiji ezinhlanu). Ngokuxhomekeka kubukhulu bemilinganiselo yakho, i-cartridge inokunika i-insulin eyaneleyo yokuhlala iintsuku ezili-injections. Xa i-cartridge ayinalutho, uyiphonsa kwaye ulayishe entsha cartridge. Xa ugqityiwe ipeni ye-insulin elahlayo, uyayiphosa.
Ngaphambi kokuba uzijove nge-insulin, kufuneka unamathisele inaliti. Kumele usebenzise inaliti entsha kwijoyi nganye. Zonke iipenki ezingasetyenziswayo kufuneka zifrijiwe. Emva kokuba uvule ipeni uze uqale ukuyisebenzisa, ungayigcina ngaphandle kwesiqandisisi. Uninzi lweepolisi lugqiba malunga neentsuku ezingama-28 ukuya kwezingama-30, kuxhomekeke kwipeni (rhoqo ufunda i-pack package). Nenjongo yokuba ugweme ukufaka izikhombe kumaqondo atshisayo aphezulu kwaye uqinisekise ukuba ulahla yonke into ekubanjwe kuyo kwi-container okanye i-container. Cela umqeqeshi wakho we-diabetes okanye ugqirha wakho oqinisekisiweyo ukuba afundise ukuba ujobe kakuhle idilesi yakho ye-insulin.
- Ukungena kwe-Insulin-Yazi njani
- Indlela Yokukhusela Ngokukhuselekileyo I-Sharps Ukukhusela Ukulimala Nezifo
I-Vial ne-syringe: I- insulini ingasasazwa nge-vial okanye encinci yeglasi. Iingcingo ziyahluka kwindlela engakanani i-insulin abambe ngayo, kunye nendlela enzima ngayo kwaye eside kangakanani inaliti. Uya kufaka inaliti yakho (okanye isirinji) kwi-vial ukukhupha i-insulin eyaneleyo. Ugqirha wakho, umongikazi, okanye utitshala oqinisekisiwe wesifo sikashukela unokubonisa indlela yokwenza oku. Oku ngamanye amaxesha kunzima kuba bantu abaneengxaki zokuxhamla okanye abantu asebekhulile abanenkathazo yokufunda amanani amancinci. Kukho inkqubo yokwenza oku; ukuba awukwenziwanga ngokuchanekileyo, unokukrazula inani elingafanelekanga le-insulin, enokuchaphazela i-sugar sugars.
Ipompo ye-insulin : Ipompo ye-insulin yinkqubo encinci, ifowuni ehambisa i-dose eqhubekayo ye-insulin ngokusebenzisa i-cannula ukulungiselela isiseko sakho okanye imvelaphi ye-insulin yangemuva. Iyakwazi kwakhona ukuhambisa i-insulin ukufihla ixesha lakho lokudla ushukela, elibhekiswa njengento yokukhangela . Ukuze abantu abanesifo sikashukela se-2 bavumeleke ukupompa kwe-insulin, kufuneka bahlangabezane neemfuno ezithile.
Ipompu ye-insulin ipom: Ipompo ye-insulin ipatch iyisistim ephathekayo, esingenasiphelo, esilahlayo (disposable pump). Ukukhanya kakhulu kunzima, malunga ne-0.7 ukuya kwi-1.8 ii-ounces, kwaye ubude buyi-2.4 intshi ubude, 1.3 ububanzi ububanzi kunye nehafu yesentimitha. Yavunywe yi-Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ngo-2010 kwaye idayiswe e-United States ukususela ngo-2012. Yenza okufanayo kumpompo we-insulin kangangokuthi ihambisa umlinganiselo oqhubekayo we-basal insulin ngexesha leeyure ezingama-24 kwaye ukhulula i-bolus insulin (i-insulin enceda ukugubungela emva kokushukela kwegazi). Iza kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo.
Inhalisa insulini: I- Afreeza i-insulin esebenza ngokukhawuleza esetyenziselwa ukunciphisa iishukela zexesha lexesha lokutya. Akunconywa kubantu abatshitshisayo. Le nto yokufakelwa kwe-insulin ayinakunyulwa rhoqo, njengoko ibiza kwaye ingakwazi ukuhambisa kuphela iiyunithi ezine, ezisibhozo kunye ne-12 okanye i-insulin ngexesha, ezingenakukhuphaza kwabo bahlala ngaphantsi kwe-insulin.
- Afreeza Insulin Powder
Ndifanele Ndithathe Nini I-insulini?
Ixesha le-insulin liya kuxhomekeka kwizinto eziliqela, kuquka naluphi uhlobo lwe-insulin oyithathayo, inombolo yakho yeshukela yegazi kunye neethagethi , kunye neshedyuli yesidlo sakho. Abanye abantu abanesifo sikashukela se-2 kuphela kufuneka bathathe ijoyi enye ngosuku, kanti abanye bangadinga ukuthatha ii-injection ezininzi kwi-insulin ukuze bafumane i-sugar sugars. Ugqirha wakho uya kuxubusha nawe ukuba uninzi kangakanani iilenki oluyidingayo ngosuku kwaye xa ufanele uwathathe ukuze ufikelele ekujoliswe kuko ushukela wegazi. Ukuba awuqinisekanga, cela.
Ziziphi iinjongo ezingasetyenziswayo ze-insulini?
Igalelo eliphambili le-insulin liyeshukela eliphantsi legazi, elibizwa ngokuba yi-hypoglycemia . Ishukela ephantsi yegazi ingenzeka xa uthatha i-insulini eninzi, ukuba uthatha i-insulin kwaye usebenzise ixesha elide okanye ukuba uthathe i-insulin ngaphandle kokutya okwaneleyo (okanye nonke). Ishukela eliphantsi kwegazi lichazwa njengeshukela elingaphantsi kwama-70 md / dL. Iimpawu zeeshukela eziphantsi kwegazi zibandakanya ukuyikima, ukujuluka, ukudideka, kunye nesisu.
Kubalulekile ukwazi indlela yokulungisa iswekile ephantsi yegazi. Ukuba isetyhu legazi lakho liphantsi, liphathe nge-15 gram ye-carbohydrate esebenza ngokukhawuleza, njengama-ounces amane ejusi, ezine iipilisi ze-glucose, ii-candies ezinhlanu, okanye i-ounces ezisibhozo zobisi. Hlola kwakhona ushukela wegazi lakho kwaye uqinisekise ukuba lukhuphuke ngaphezu kwe-70mg / dL. Ukuba awuzange, phinda unyango. Ukuba uye wavuka, unokufuna ukuba ne-snack encinci ne- carbohydrate kunye neprotheni ukukhusela ukuba ungawa kwakhona. Ukuba ufumana iishukela eziphantsi kwegazi rhoqo, kufuneka uqhagamshelane nomboneleli wakho wezempilo. Unokudinga ukutshintsha i-insulin dose.
Omnye umphumo wesigxina we-insulin kukufumana ubunzima. I-insulin yinyama yokugcina amafutha. Ngamanye amaxesha, xa i-sugar sukari yakho iphakanyisiwe kwaye iqala ukulungelelanisa, umzimba wakho uqala ukusebenzisa i-glucose yakho uyayondla kwaye unako ukulinganisela. Unako ukufumana ubunzima xa uninzi lwe-insulin. Indlela efanelekileyo yokuzama ukuzinzisa ubunzima bakho kukujolisa ukutya ukutya okunempilo kunye nokuzilolonga.
Enye i-insulin inokuba nezinye iziphumo ezichaphazelekayo ezifana nokuphendula kwisayithi yokujova. Qiniseka ukuba ufunde ukufakwa kweepakethe zonyango kwaye uxubushe ngemiphumo emibi ye-insulin ethile kunye nomboneleli wakho wezempilo.
ILizwi
Ukuqala i-insulin kunokuvakala kunkwantya, kodwa yindlela nje yomzimba yokuxelela ukuba ifuna uncedo. Ingaba uqala i-insulin ende, i-insulin, okanye enye inhlanganisela ye-insulini, xa ufumana ukuxhomekeka kwezinto, uya kubona ukuba akunzima okanye kukhwankqisayo njengokuba wawucingile. Kwaye ukuba unesilingo, usenokududuza ukwazi ukuba iintsaliti namhlanje zincinci kwaye zifutshane. Utshintsho lunokuba lukhuni, kodwa unokwenza.
> Imithombo;
> Umbutho waseMelika waseSifo soTyhukela. Ukungena kwe-Insulin-Yazi njani. https://www.diabeteseducator.org/docs/default-source/legacy-docs/_resources/pdf/general/Insulin_Injection_How_To_AADE.pdf
> I-Joslin Diabetes Centre. I-insulini AZ: Isikhokelo seentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-insulin. http://www.joslin.org/info/insulin_a_to_z_a_guide_on_different_types_of_insulin.html
> Novo Nordisk. Tresibs. http://www.novo-pi.com/tresiba.pdf
> Sanofi -Aventis. Toujeo. http://products.sanofi.us/Toujeo/Toujeo.pdf