Umbuzo: Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lokuhlola iso?
Impendulo: Ukuba novavanyo olujonge unyaka ngamnye yindlela efanelekileyo yokufumana umboniso omhle ebomini bakho.
Indlela Ukuhlolwa Kwamehlo Eyenziwa Ngayo
Ngethuba lokuhlolwa kwamehlo okugqithiseleyo, ugqirha wakho wezilwanyana uya kwenza iimvavanyo kunye neenkqubo ezahlukeneyo ukujonga umboniso wakho kunye nempilo yonke yamehlo akho. Uvavanyo olujongene neliso lithatha malunga neyure, kwaye kufuneka luququzelele ezininzi kwiindawo ezilandelayo:
Ubungqina bobuboniso
Uvavanyo olubonakalayo lwezinto ezibonakalayo luyindlela yokubona kakuhle okanye ukubukhali nokucaca kombono wakho. Ugqirha lakho lombono liza kukucela ukuba ufunde iileta kwitekdi ngelixa umile amawaka angama-20. Iileta ezincinci kakhulu okwazi ukuzenza ziya kubhalwa njengobuncwane bakho.
Ubuninzi bakho obubonakalayo bungabhalwa ngo-20/20 ukuba umbono wakho uqhelekileyo. Ukuba umbono wakho uncishisiwe, ungabhalwa ungaphantsi kwama-20/20, njengama-20/100.
Ukuba unombono we-20/100, kuthetha ukuba kufuneka ube sisondele nje ngeenyawo ezingama-20 ukubona ukuba umntu onomdla oqhelekileyo unokuzibona njani ngeenyawo ezili-100. Omnye onombono we-20/60 uza kufuneka ahambe ukuya kumawaka angama-20 ukuze afunde oko umntu onomxholo oqhelekileyo angafunda ukusuka kumama-60 ukusuka.
Ukudibana kweeNkcazo eziMboniso
Inkalo ebonwayo yembonakalo yisesheke esheshayo kwintsimi yakho ebalulekileyo yombono, kubandakanywa nombono wakho ophakathi kunye nombono (wembambano). Ugqirha wakho weziliso okanye ochwephezi uza kuhlala phambi kwakho kwaye akucele ukuba ufihle iliso elinye.
Emva koko uza kucelwa ukuba uthethe xa ubona isandla sakhe ngokungena kummandla wakho wombono ukusuka kumacala.
Iimfudu ezongezelelweyo
Olu vavanyo lusetyenziswa iimisipha ezilawula ukuhamba kwamehlo. Ngokuqhelekileyo uvavanyo olulula luqhutyelwa ngokuhambisa ipeni okanye into encinci kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zokujonga.
Izibambiso, ubuthathaka okanye ukulandelwa kakubi kwezinto ezibonakalayo zivame ukutyhila.
Uvavanyo lwePupillary
Impendulo yePupillary (indlela abafundi bakho bayayihlaziya ngayo kunye nokukhawuleza ekuphenduleni ukukhanya) inokubonisa ezininzi ngempilo yamehlo kunye nomzimba wakho. Iimbilini ezilawula umfundi uhamba ngendlela ende emzimbeni. Impendulo ethile yepupillary ingabonakalisa iingxaki zeengxaki zegazi, kuquka neemeko ezinzulu.
Impendulo yakho yomfundi ivivinywa ngokukhanya okukhanyayo okubhekiselele kwelinye okanye zombini kwamehlo akho. Ugqirha wakho unokugxila kwelinye iliso okanye uguqulwe ukukhanya ngokukhawuleza ukuze ufunde indlela abafundi bakho batshintsha ngayo.
U vavanyo lweNcwadi
Uvavanyo lwentsimbi luyenziwa ukulinganisa indlela amehlo akho asebenza ngayo kakuhle. Uvavanyo lokuvavanya luvavanyo olulula apho ugqirha ekucela ukuba ulungise kwindawo esondele okanye ede. Ufihla iliso elinye, ikhefu, kwaye liyivula. Uvavanya iso lakho njengoko lifunyanwe, njengoko lilungelelanisa ekujoliswe kuyo.
Uvavanyo lwekhava luyakunceda ukubona i-cross (amehlo), iso lithemba (amblyopia) okanye ukunciphisa ukuqonda okujonge .
- Uvavanyo luni na
- Strabismus
- Amblyopia
Retinoscopy
I-Retinoscopy ngumvavanyo onika ugqirha wakho wezilwanyana indlela yokulinganisa ukuchithwa.
Ngokuqhelekileyo ukwenza ekuqaleni kweemviwo, i-retinoscopy inikezela ugqirha wakho indawo yokuqala ukuba uqikelele umyalelo wakho weiglasi , ukuba kuyimfuneko.
Ukurhoxiswa
Uninzi lwabantu lukhunjulwa ukukhutshwa njengengxenye yolu vavanyo apho ugqirha abuza isigulane, "Yiyiphi i-lens engcono, enye okanye ezimbini?" Ukuqhathaniswa kukuvavanya ukuvavanya ukulinganisa ukujonga, ukujonga phambili, i- astigmatism okanye i- presbyopia .
Ugqirha ubeka isixhobo, esibizwa ngokuba ngumphengululi, phambi kwamehlo akho. Ukuqhathaniswa kweelayilensi yelenisi kuboniswa kuwe. Ugqirha uya kukubuza ukuba yiphi ilensi ecacileyo.
Iziphumo zolu vavanyo lwe-refraction yiyona nto ugqirha esebenzisa ngayo ukuphuhlisa iglasi lakho lokugcina okanye umyalelo wecala loqhagamshelwano .
UkuHlola kweLampu yokuHlola
Oogqirha bamajoni basebenzisa isixhobo esibizwa ngokuba sisibane sobumba , esibizwa ngokuba yi-biomicroscope, ukuhlolisisa phambili (inxalenye yangaphandle) kunye nomva (isithuba esingasemva) inxalenye yeso lakho. Oku kukuhlalutya impilo yonke yeso.
Isixhobo sakha amaxesha amaninzi kwaye sisebenzisa ukukhanya okukhanyayo ukukhanyisa izakhiwo zamehlo. Inxalenye nganye yelihlo lakho, kubandakanywa iinqwelo zaso kunye ne-eyelashes, i-conjunctiva, i-cornea, iris, i-crystalline lens kunye neklasi yangaphakathi, ihlolwe ngendlela echanekileyo yokubonakalisa naziphi na iziphoso okanye izifo. I-Cataracts ingasetyenziswa ngokusetyenziswa kwesibane sokutsala.
Tonometry
I-Tonometry yilinganiso yeengcinezelo zeso, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-IOP, okanye uxinzelelo lwe-intraocular . Ugqirha lakho kwamehlo liza kufaka i-dropest of anesthetics kwiso lakho. Uya kuthi ke abeke i-fluorescein encinci (idayi ephuzi) kwiso lakho. Isixhobo esincinane esibizwa ngokuba yi tonometer sisuswe kufuphi neliso lakho ukuze sichukumise ngenyameko i-cornea, ukulinganisa ingcinezelo kweso lakho.
Ukuba ixinzelelo lakho liso liphezulu kunelo liqhelekileyo, umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa i- glaucoma ukwanda. (Abanye oogqirha banqwenela ukulinganisa uxinzelelo lwamehlo ngolu vavanyo lwe "air puff" apho i-tonometer engathintana nayo (NCT) inquma ukunyanzeliswa kwamehlo kunye nomsindo ongeyintlungu.)
I-Dilated Fundus Examination
Uvavanyo loxilongo lwe-fundus luqhelekileyo linyathelo elidlulileyo kwiimviwo zamehlo. Ugqirha lakho kwamehlo liza kulawula iliso elithile elincinci ukuze linciphise abafundi bakho. Oku kwandisa ubungakanani bomfundi wakho, unike ugqirha wakho i window ekhudlwana apho uhlolisise khona impilo yangaphakathi yamehlo. Ugqirha uyakwazi ukuhlola i-vitreous, nertic optics, imithana yegazi, i-macula kunye ne-retina.
Isixhobo esibizwa ngokuba yi- binocular ye-ophthalmoscope engaqondakaliyo (BIO) igqunywe kwintloko yegqirha. Oku kukhulula izandla zogqirha ukuze usebenzise i-lens enamandla ukugxila ekukhanyeni okuvela kwi-ophthalmoscope kwiso lakho. Ngesi sixhobo, umfanekiso uyingcinci kodwa intsimi yombono inkulu kakhulu, ukuvumela ugqirha ukuba abuke yonke i- retina yakho .
Uvavanyo lokuxilongwa kwe-fundus luyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokuhlolwa kwamehlo, ezininzi izifo zamehlo zingabonwa ngexesha lovavanyo.