Umbuzo: Ngaba ndingaba neGlaucoma?
Ekundwendwe kwam kokugqibela kwi-optometrist, ndaxelelwa ukuba ndiye ndandisa ingcinezelo yamehlo. Ngaba ndingaba ne glaucoma ?
Impendulo: Unelungelo lokukhathazeka, kodwa ukunyuswa kwamehlo akuthethi ukuba unayo i-glaucoma. Ukunyuka kwengcinezelo kwamehlo kukubeka engozini yokuphuhlisa eso sifo. I-Glaucoma ikhoyo xa i-nertic optic ibonakala.
Ukulahleka kombono kunye nokungaboni kakuhle kuya kubangela ukuba i-glaucoma ishiywe ingaphathwa.
Ukuba ugqirha lakho kwiliso likuxelela ukuba unyukile kwenyameko yamehlo kodwa i-nertic optics yakho ayonakaliswe, ke awunayo i-glaucoma. Akuyena wonke umntu onoxinzelelo oluphakamileyo uya kuphuhlisa eso sifo, nokuba. Abanye abantu abaneengcinezelo eziphezulu abazange bahlakulele i-glaucoma ngenxa yokuba i-nerticoma yabo ikwazi ukunyamezela uxinzelelo. Umgangatho ophezulu weengcinezelo zamehlo unokuqhelekileyo kwabanye abantu, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba uphando lwezame ukujonga ukuba yeyiphi inqanaba eliqhelekileyo kuwe. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ungayifunde kakhulu kwinombolo yokunyanzeliswa ngokuchanekileyo ukuba ugqirha wakho enze uvavanyo olusebenzayo.
Uxinzelelo lwamehlo lufana nokuxinzelelwa kwegazi, ukufundwa okuphezulu akuthethi nto. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukujonga ingcinezelo eziliqela kwixesha elithile ngaphambi kokuba wenze uvavanyo.
Ngo-2002, iqela loogqirha lagqiba isifundo esibizwa ngokuba, "Isifundo soPhulo lwe-Ocular Hypertension Study: Uvavanyo oluLungeleleneyo luye luchaza loo ngqungquthela ye-Ocular Hypotensive Medication Delays okanye ivimbela ukuqala kwe-Gleucoma ye-Open-Angle." Isifundo senzelwe ukunceda oogqirha benze isigqibo esiphezulu malunga nokunyanga isigulane ngenyameko yamehlo ephezulu okanye nje ukuwajonga ngokukhawuleza.
Kwakuyiminyaka emihlanu isifundo. Oogqirha balandela izigulane ezinexinzelelo eziphakamileyo (i-hypertension) yonyaka. Isiqingatha sazo siphathwe ngezidakamizwa ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwamehlo kwaye ezinye zazo zazingekho. Ekupheleni kolu cwaningo, bafumanisa ukuba amathuba okuphuhlisa i-glaucoma yayingama-4.4% kwiqela leyeza kunye ne-9.5% kwiqela lokujonga.
Iziphumo zibonise ukuba ukunyanzeliswa kweziliso ezincinci kwenzeni ukubambezeleka okanye ukuthintela ukuqala kwe-glaucoma evulekileyo ephambili kubantu abakwinxinzelelo yamehlo ephakamileyo. Uphononongo lubonise ukuba oku akuthethi ukuba zonke izigulane ezineengcinezelo zamehlo emida kufuneka ziphathwe ngamachiza. Ucwaningo lukhuthaze ukuba oogqirha bafanele baqwalasele ukuphatha abantu abaneengcinezelo eziphezulu eziphezulu ezisengozini yokuphuhlisa i-glaucoma.
Uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo lwangonyaka lubaluleke kakhulu kwesi sizathu. I-Glaucoma iyisifo esicacileyo kwizigaba zayo zokuqala. Isibonakaliso sokuqala se-glaucoma ngokuqhelekileyo ukulahleka kombono, ukulahlekelwa kombono ongeke ukubuyiswa. Ukuba ifunyenwe ngokukhawuleza, kunjalo, i-glaucoma ingaphathwa kwaye ilawulwe ukukhusela ukulahleka kombono.
Umthombo:
ISebe lezeMpilo laseMelika kunye neNkonzo zoLuntu, iNational Eye Institute, iiNational Institutes of Health. Septemba 2003.