Umbuzo: Iyiphi Iphutha lokukhupha?
Impendulo: Iphutha lokusasaza kwenzeka xa iliso lingagqibekanga ngokuchanekileyo (khankanya) njengoko lingena kwilihlo, okubangele umfanekiso obolileyo. Kukho iingxaki ezininzi ezibandakanya impazamo yokuzikhumbuza, ininzi zazo eziqhelekileyo eziqhelekileyo kuwe.
Ezi zilandelayo ziposiso eziqhelekileyo zokuzikhumbuza:
- Ukujongana noBuchule : Ukujongana nokujonga, okanye i-myopia, yimeko apho izinto ezikufuphi zibonakala ngokucacileyo, kodwa ezikude ziphazamiseke. Ukujongana noBuchule kunokufumana ilifa kwaye kudla ngokufunyanwa ngethuba lobuncinci.
- Ukubhekela phambili : Ukujonga phambili, okanye i-hyperopia (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-hypermetropia), ngokuqhelekileyo yenza ukuba izinto ezikude zibonwe ngokucacileyo, kodwa izinto ezikufutshane zibonakala ziphazamisekile. Ukujonga phambili kudla rhoqo kwiintsapho. Xa umntu enamazinga aphakamileyo aphezulu, umbono wakhe umgama ungabonakalisa ukongeza kwimbono yabo esondeleyo. Abantu abaninzi baphosisa ukungaboni kakuhle kwe-presbyopia, iiposa yokuphikisa edlalwa ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-40 ubudala.
- I-Astigmatism : I-Astigmatism idlalwa xa i- cornea ine-curve. I-cornea yinto ephihliweyo kwinqanaba elilodwa, kubangela umbono obonakalayo. I-Astigmatism ingabangela umbono ophazamisayo kuyo yonke imimandla, kwaye ihlala ihamba kunye nokujonga okanye ukujonga. Uninzi lwabantu lunenani elincinci le-astigmatism. Amanani amakhulu kakhulu njenge-astigmatism abangela ukuphazamiseka kwongezelela umboniso ongezantsi. Iimali eziphezulu kakhulu ze-astigmatism ngezinye iinkhathi zinzima ukufikelela kwimiboniselo ye-20/20.
- I-Presbyopia : I-Presbyopia yindlela yokuguga yesiqhelo kwiso. Yilahleko ye-lensity of lens eyenzeka ngokuguga, okwenza kube nzima ukugxila kwiindawo ezikufutshane. Iingcali zenzululwazi nazo zikholelwa ukuba ngaphezu kokulahlekelwa kwe-lens, i-muscle eyenza i-lens iguquke ingqalelo, ebizwa ngokuba ngumzimba we-ciliary, iphinda iqalise ukusebenza. I-Presbyopia idla ngokuphawulekayo emva kweminyaka yobudala engama-40-45 ubudala kodwa abantu phakathi kwama-35-40 bangabonisa iimpawu zokuqala ngokuxhomekeka kwimeko yabo yokubukeka, umsebenzi kunye nendlela yokuphila.
Iiphene ze-Refrac ziphakathi kweengxaki zembono eziqhelekileyo e-United States. Nangona kunjalo phakathi kwezona zinto zichanekileyo, abaninzi baseMelika abanempazamo yokuphikisa engavaliyo. Ukunyamekela amehlo, njengama- optometrists kunye ne-ophthalmologists , unokuqhuba ukuhlolwa kwamehlo okubanzi ukujonga indlela yokulungisa iimpazamo zokuphika. Ukugqala kwamehlo okulungisa, afana neziglasi okanye iilensi zokudibanisa, unokumiselwa ukuba uncede ukuphucula umbono. Utyando olusisigxina lungasetyenziselwa ukulungisa iingxaki zokurhoxisa.
Iimpawu
Izibonakaliso zokuphazamiseka kweengxaki zibandakanya umbono obonakalayo, ukukhathala, umboniso oguqukayo, ubunzima bokufunda okanye ukubona izinto ezincinci, iintloko, ukuxubusha nokuwela kwamehlo kubantwana.
Ukuba ufumana nayiphi na le mpawu, qhagamshelana negqirha lakho kweso sifundo esipheleleyo. Kubantwana, musa ukuxhomekeka kwi-screening child okanye isikolo sokuhlola. Nangona abahlengikazi bezilwanyana kunye nabahlengikazi besikolo benza umsebenzi obalaseleyo wokuvavanya impilo kunye nemboniso yamehlo, ezinye iingxaki zembono aziyi kubonwa ngumbono wokuhlola. Enyanisweni, nokuba ufunda i-20/20, akuthethi ukuba awudingi iilensi zokulungisa. Ngelixa kunzima ukuhlawulwa, abantwana abaqhelekileyo baya kufunda i-20/20 kwiretshi yamehlo kwaye banemibono embi engabonakaliyo.
Umthombo:
ISRS / AAO. I-American Academy ye-Ophthalmology, ngo-2009. Kufumaneka: ngo-Apreli 2009.