Uvavanyo lwe-Nucleic-acid amplification, olubizwa ngokuba yi-NATs okanye i-NAAT, lisetyenziselwa ukuchonga inani elincinane le-DNA okanye i- RNA kwiimvavanyo zeesampuli. Xa kuziwa kuvavanyo lwe-STD , kukho ii-NAT ezikhoyo ezikwazi ukubona iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-STD. Enyanisweni, iimvavanyo ezininzi zomchamo ze-STD zenziwa ngokusebenzisa i-nucleic-acid acid amplification.
I-Nucleic-Acid Amplification ihlola umsebenzi?
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeemvavanyo ze-nucleic-acid acid amplification, kodwa zonke zisekelwe kumgaqo ofanayo.
I-NAT isebenzisa uchungechunge lweempendulo zamakhemikhali eziphindaphindiweyo ukwenzela ukwenza iikopi ezininzi zeDNA okanye i-RNA oogqirha abazama ukuyifumana. Ezi mpendulo zikhulisa umqondiso we-nucleic acids kwisampuli yokuvavanya ukuze kulula ukuchonga. Kulula kakhulu ukufumana iikopi ezili-10 000 zegeni ngaphezu kwe-10.
Yintoni oku kufuneka iyenze ngokuhlolwa kwe-STD?
Inkqubo yokukhulisa i-bacterium okanye i-nucleic acid acid ayiyiyo yovavanyo lwe-STD . Kunoko, xa ixabiso leDNA okanye i-RNA linyuswe kwisampuli esebenzisa i- PCR okanye i- LCR , iimvavanyo eziqhelekileyo zisetyenziselwa ukuyijonga. Ezi zivame ngokuqhelekileyo ziquka uhlobo oluthile lwe-nucleic acid hybridization. Kuloo mvavanyo, isampuli ifakwe ngophawu olupheleleyo lweDNA okanye i-RNA ebhalwe ngenye indlela eyenza kube lula ukuyifumana. Unokukunceda ukuwufanekisela njengokukhanya komfanekiso omnyama obambelela kuphela kwisiqwenga esisodwa senkcazelo yokuchonga.
Uvavanyo lwe-Nucleic-acid acid amplification luncedo kakhulu kwi-STD yokuvavanya. Bavumela oogqirha ukuba bafumane i-STD pathogen nangona kuphela inani elincinci lezinto eziphilayo. Yilolu hlobo lobuchwephesha olwenze ukuba kube lula ukuvavanya umchamo we-STD eza kuqala zibonakala kuphela nge-swab.
Ukongezelela koko, ekubeni iimvavanyo ze-nucleic-acid aclification ziyancipha ngakumbi kwixabiso elincinci le-DNA, zibaluleke kakhulu ekuhlolweni kwegazi. Ezi mvavanyo zenza kube lula ukufumanisa inani elincinci le-HIV kunye nezinye izifo eziphathekayo zegazi ezingahle zilahleke ngenye indlela.
Kukho ukuhlolwa okungenakukhuliswa kwe- nucleic acid okufumaneka kwii-STD ezithile, ezifana ne- gonorrhea kunye ne- chlamydia . Iimvavanyo zokuxiliswa kwe-nucleic acid ezingabonakaliyo ziyakuthi zisetyenziswe xa kuninzi i-DNA (okanye i-RNA) yegciwane okanye i-RNA) ekulindeleke ukuba ikhona, njengokuba i-swab ye-urethral okanye isampuli yenkcubeko . Kwiimeko ezinjalo, akukho kukhuliswa kuyimfuneko. Kule mizekelo, ukuba i-DNA okanye i-RNA ikhona, kufuneka ibe khona kwiimali ezibonakalayo.
Umzekelo weli vavanyo kwiNtshukumo
Iimvavanyo ze-Nucleic-acid amplification ziindlela ezibucayi zokubona ukuba ibhaktheriya okanye intsholongwane ikhoyo kwisampula ye-biological. Xa kuziwa ekufumaneni i- herpes yobuncwane kwisifo esivela kumntu onempawu, le mvavanyo isebenza njengenye indlela enokusetyenziswa kwintsholongwane ye- viral . Iinkcubeko ezinobungozi zinokuba nzima kuba ezinye ielabhutri zenze. Ngokungafani nokuhlolwa kwegazi lwe-herpes , i-NAT ibandakanya ukuzimisela ngokuthe ngqo ukuba ngaba intsholongwane ikhona kwisampuli kunokuba ifune i-antipes-herpes antibodies.
I-nucleic-acid amplification iye yavumela ukuba kwandiswe i- chlamydia kunye ne-gonorrhea yokuhlola ihlabathi lonke. Ngoku ukuhlolwa okunjalo kungenziwa ngoku kwiimampuli ze-urine endaweni yokufuna i-swab okanye i-sybicovaginal swab. Ngaloo ndlela kuye kwaba lula ukuvavanya inani elikhulu lamadoda namabhinqa amancinci kwii-STD kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zesibini kunye nezisisesikliniki. Ukuqokelela umchamo akufuneki ubuchule bonyango, kwaye abantu banako ukukulungele ukukhapha indebe kunokugqithisa i-swab yomzimba.
Abaphandi baye basebenzisa iimvavanyo ze-nucleic-acidification ukufumana ulwazi olungakumbi malunga nobukhulu beengxaki ze-STD e-United States.
Iiprogram zokujonga i-NAT-ezinkulu ziphunyezwe emkhosini, ezisemadolobheni ezisemadolobheni, kwindoda elala ngesini kunye namadoda, nakwezinye iindawo ezinobungozi obuphezulu kunye nobungozi obuphantsi. Ezi mvavanyo zivumela ukufumana ii-STD kwiisampuli ezincinci ezithathwa njengenxalenye yophando olukhulu kwimpilo yabantu.
> Imithombo:
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