Ixesha elikhawulezayo libhekisela kwindlela enamandla ngayo i-antibody ebopha kwi- antigen yayo.
Amasosha omzimba enza i-antibodies iphendule intsholongwane nge- pathogen okanye ezinye iindidi zokuhlambalaza. Nangona kunjalo, ukwenza ama-antibodies akuyiyo inye-nyathelo. Ngamanye amaxesha, impendulo yokuqala ye-antibody does not allow the body to quickly remove the infection. Kule meko, umzimba uya kuqhubeka nokuphuhlisa ii-antibodies ezongezelelweyo malunga ne-bhakteriya okanye intsholongwane ebangela ukusuleleka.
Ngexesha elide, loo maqhekeza aya kuba ngamaqabane angcono . Amachiza omzimba angcono athopha ngakumbi ngokunyanisekileyo kumhlaseli okanye ubophelele kwiiprotheni ezisebenzayo ngakumbi ekuthintekeni kosuleleko. Ukunyaniseka kwe-antibody kubhekiselelwe kwindlela ekumanyanise ngayo ngokujoliswe kuyo.
Kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa phakathi kokukhawuleza kunye nexesha elifanayo elifanayo. Ubusondelelo bubhekisela kumandla kwanoma yiphina intambo ekhoyo phakathi kwe-antibody kunye ne-antigen yayo. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iinqununu ze-antibodies zixhaphaza kwaye zibophelela kuma-antigen amaninzi. Amandla aloo nxu lumano luyilo. Ubungqina bunokunyuswa xa i-antigen eneendawo ezininzi ezibophayo zibandakanya nenani lamanqindi ahlukeneyo.
Zama ukucinga ngako njengokungathi ulinganisa ubunzima obunokuthi uVelcro unamathele into ethile. Ukubambisana kukunamandla apho enye i-Velcro spike ifakela kuyo into. Ukunyaniseka kwindlela i-Velcro yonke inamandla ngayo yokubamba.
Iimvavanyo zokuvavanya azange zenziwe xa odokotela bephanda impendulo yomzimba kwisifo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iimeko ezithile apho ukuvavanya ukukhawuleza kungafuneka. Enye yelo xesha xa oogqirha bazama ukugqiba ukuba ngaba usuleleko olusandul
Ukuvavanya iimvavanyo kunokuncedisa ukuba isifo sisitsha okanye ingaba umntu akazange ahlolwe rhoqo kwaye amanyathelo okuqala angaphoswa.
I-Antibody Ubungqina kunye novavanyo lwe-HIV
Isizathu sokuba iimvavanyo ezinokuzondla zingasetyenziselwa ukuchonga ubude bokusuleleka ngu-HIV kukuba ngokuhamba kwexesha, ukuxhamla kwee-antibodies ezichasene ne-HIV ezenziwe ngamajelo omzimba ziya kuphucula. Le ndlela, nangona kunjalo, iyancipha ngokukhawuleza, unyango olusebenzayo. Ukuba umntu uphathwe kakuhle, kungekudala emva kokusuleleka ngu-HIV, amaninzi angama-antibodies angabonakali. Ngako oko, iimvavanyo zokunyamezela zingenakuncedo ekuqaliseni ukuba usulelo lwe-HIV luyingozi okanye luxhaphake kubantu abakhange banikwe unyango lwe-antiretroviral . Yindlela efanelekileyo ngakumbi yokuvavanya abantu abangaphendulwanga.
Imithombo:
Parekh BS, McDougal JS. Ukusetyenziswa kweendlela zebhubhoratri zokuqikelela i-HIV-1. Indian J Med Res. 2005 kuMatshi; 121 (4): 510-8.