Iimvavanyo zinikela ngeZiphumo ezikhawulezayo kunye nezigulane ezilahlekileyo ezilahlekileyo
Iimvavanyo ze-STD ezikhawulezayo zenzelwe ukugcina abantu ixesha, imizamo, kunye nokuxinwa xa befumanisa intsholongwane yesondo . Ezinye zenziwa kwiofisi yegqirha okanye kwikliniki, ngelixa ezinye zingenziwa kwintuthuzelo nangasesekhaya lakho.
Injongo yale mvavanyo kukugwema enye yeengxaki eziqhelekileyo ezibonakala kwiikliniki ze-STD: abantu abahluleka ukubuyela kwiziphumo zabo.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, umntu uya kuphakamisa imbilini ukuba ahlolwe kuphela emva kokuphuma xa ixesha layo lifumana iindaba. Ngenxa yoko, intsholongwane ingashiywa ingaphendulwa kwaye ivunyelwe ukusasazeka kwabanye.
Ukuyithintela izithintelo zokuvavanya
Uvavanyo lwe-STD olukhawulezayo likuvumela ukuba wenze iziphumo zakho kwimaminithi kunemihla. Ukuba uvavanyo luhle (oko kuthetha ukuba unentsholongwane), unethuba lokufumana unyango ngokukhawuleza kunokuba uphinde ubuye uzalise imithi. Ngezifo ezinjenge-HIV, oku kubalulekile ekubeni unyango lwangaphambili lususelwa kumngcipheko ophantsi wokugula kunye nexesha elide lokuphila .
Iimvavanyo ezintsha zijolise ukunqoba enye into eyenza abantu abaninzi bahamba kude: iinaliti negazi. Ngokuxhomekeka kwesi sifo, ukuvavanya ngokukhawuleza kunokufuna kuphela i-swab yomzimba wamanzi okanye isampuli yesisombululo (ngaphezu kwegazi lomthonyama okanye iimvavanyo zamanqaku eziphambili).
Ukuchaneka kweeNtsholongwane ze-STD
Azikho zonke iimvavanyo ezikhawulezayo ezenziwe zilinganayo.
Abanye banemvakalelo ephakamileyo kunye nolwazi olucacileyo kunabanye. Ubunono bobuchule bokuvavanya ukuchonga ngokuchanekileyo abo abaneesifo (inqanaba elilungileyo ngokwenene), ngelixa i-specificity is the ability ukuchonga ngokuchanekileyo abo bangenawo wesifo (umgangatho ongeyona mbi).
Xa uvavanyo ngexesha losulelo olukhuselekileyo, iimvavanyo ze-STD ezikhawulezayo zinikeza ubuchule obuninzi kunye neenkcukacha ezithile:
- I-Gonorrhea: i-86 yeepesenti yokuqonda kunye ne-97 yepesenti
- I-Syphilis: u-85 ekhulwini ukuqonda kunye neepesenti ezingama-91
- I-Chlamydia: i-86 yeepesenti yokuqonda kunye ne-97 yepesenti
- I-Hepatitis B: i-97 yeepesenti yokuqonda kunye neepesenti ezingama-99
- I-papillomavirus yabantu: i-86% ye-senitivity kunye neepesenti ezingama-84
- I-Herpes simplex: i-93 yeepesenti yokuqonda kunye ne-99.9 yepesenti
- Intsholongwane ka-HIV (in-office, finger finger) : i-99 ekhulwini ukuqonda kunye ne-99.9 yepesenti
- INTSHOLONGWANE KAGAWULAYO (ekhayeni, i-swab yomlomo) : u-92% wemvelo novelwano lwama-99 ekhulwini
Ngelishwa, isantya se-sensivity esezantsi sichaza umngcipheko ophezulu wecandelo elibi elibi (oko kuthetha ukuba umntu unikezwa "konke kucacile" xa sele enesifo). Ngoku vavanyo lwe-HIV lwangoku -ekhaya , i-92% yobuzwe bobuzwe buguqulela kwisiphumo esisodwa esicatshulwa kuzo zonke iimvavanyo ezi-15.
Yingakho izifo ezithile ze-bacterial (njenge-syphilis, gonorrhea, kunye ne-chlamydia) zixilongwa ngokuchanekileyo ngenkcubeko ngaphandle kovavanyo olukhawulezayo.
ILizwi
Ireyithi yokungaphumeleli kweemvavanyo zasekhaya zihambelana nokusetyenziswa kakubi kwemveliso (kubandakanywa ukukhwabanisa okungafanelekanga kunye nokuvavanya ngaphandle kwexesha le window ) njengoko ukulinganiselwa kwezobugcisa ngokwabo.
Kungenxa yesi sizathu ukuba nayiphi na isizathu esiphumeleleyo, esingahambelaniyo okanye esicangayo esiphumeleleyo esivela kwimeko yokuhlola ekhaya, kufuneka ilandelwe kunye novavanyo lwangaphakathi kwi-kliniki yakho okanye kwi-ofisi yodokotela.
> Imithombo:
> Al-Shobaili, H .; Hassanein, K. kunye no-Mostafa, M. "UkuVavanywa kwe-HerpeSelect Express UkuVavanywa okuKhuselekileyo ekuThatheni i-Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Antibodies in Patients With Gital Ulcer Disease." J. Clin. Lab. Uhlalutyo . 2014; 29: 43-6. INGXELO: 10.1002 / jcla.21725.
> Cantor, A .; IPapas, M .; Daeges, M. et al. "Ukuhlolwa kweSyphilis kugqityiwe ingxelo yoBungqina kunye noVavanyo oluHloniphekileyo kwi-US Force Preventive Services Task Force." JAMA. 2016; 3 15 (21): 2328-37. INGXELO: 10.1001 / jama.2016.4114.
> Pilcher, D .; Louie, B; Facente, S .; okqhubekayo. "Ukusebenza kwe-Rapid Point-of-Care kunye neeNzame zeLebhu zeNgcaciso kunye nokuSungulwa koGawulayo eSan Francisco." PLoS One. Disemba 12, 2013; INGXELO: 10.1371 / iphephandaba.pone.0080629.
> Khuroo, M .; Khuroo, N. kunye neKhuroo, M. "Ukuchaneka kovavanyo lwe-Rapid Point-of-Care lweNzululwazi ye-Hepatitis B yoBume be-Antigen-Uhlolo oluHlolo kunye nokuhlaziywa kweMeta." J Clin Exp Hepatol . 2014; 4 (3): 226-40. INGXELO: 10.1016 / j.jceh.2014.07.008.
> Ying, H .; Jing, F .; Fanghui, Z. et al. "I-HPV ye-HPV ye-nucleic acid detection kit- ukunakekelwa kwe- HPV test-indlela entsha yokufumanisa." IiNgxelo zeScientific 2014; 4: 4704. INGXELO: 10.1038 / srep04704.