Ukwelashwa kwezifo zeTyroid

Inkcazo yezoNyango zeTyroid

Ukunyanga kwimeko yakho ye-thyroid kuxhomekeke kwimiba yesifo se-thyroid kwaye ingaba i-thyroid yakho ingasebenzi, ingasebenzi, ikhulise, okanye iyomhlaza. Nantsi ingqwalasela yeendlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango ezinikezelwa kwiimeko ze -roid.

Izonyango ze-Hyperthyroidism / i-Graves '

Xa i-thyroid iyingozi kakhulu okanye ingapheliyo-imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi- hyperthyroidism- uvelisa i-hormone enkulu ye-thyroid.

I-Hyperthyroidism idla ngokubakho ngenxa yeemeko ezizimelayo ezibizwa ngokuba zizifo ze-Graves , okanye kwezinye iimeko ngenxa yeengqungquthela ze-thyroid ezivelisa i-hormone ye-thyroid okanye i-thyroiditis.

I-Hyperthyroidism iyaphathwa ngokuthintela i-thyroid kwi-hormone engaphezulu, ukunciphisa ikhono le-thyroid lokuvelisa i-hormone, okanye ukususa i-hormone. Ngokukodwa, unyango lubandakanya:

• Izidakamizwa ze-Antithyroid , kuquka i-methimazole (iTapazole), propylthiouracil (PTU) kunye ne-carbimazole (i-Neo-Mercazole). Ngenxa yokuba i-PTU ngezinye izihambelana nemiphumo emibi kakhulu, i-methimazole ithathwa njengelinye i-antithyroid ekhethiweyo e-US (i-PTU, nangona kunjalo, kucetyiswa unyango ngexesha lokuqala kwekota lokukhulelwa ngenxa yengozi ekhulayo yokuzalwa kweempawu ezinxulumene ne-methimazole.)

• I-Hypothyroidism Ngokuqhelekileyo Ayinakhululwa ngu-Levothyroxine kunye ne-TSH evamile

• Ukukhusela Intsapho Yakho Emva Kwonyango Lwe-Iodine

• Ukwelashwa kwe-iodine ye-radioactive (RAI) , eyaziwa nangokuthi i-radioiodine ablation . Olu unyango lubandakanya ukuthatha i-iodine ye-radiood, ene-orroid eyenza i-thyroid ibe yonakalise okanye ichithe-okanye ichithe-yonke into okanye inxalenye yokwenza i-hormone ye-thyroid.
• Ukutshatyalaliswa kokutshintshwa kwezinto zonke okanye inxalenye ye-thyroid, ebizwa ngokuba yi-thyroidectomy.
• Kwezinye iimeko, ukutyhafaza iimpawu ze-hyperthyroidism njengeqondo lokukhawuleza kwentliziyo, ukubethelwa kweengxaki, okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu uphathwa ngamachiza ebizwa ngokuba yi-beta blockers.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, indlela esetyenziselwa unyango ixhomekeke kubunzima besimo sakho, nokuba unako ukunyamezela izidakamizwa ze-antithyroid, kwaye ukuba ukhulelwe okanye uceba ukukhulelwa kungekudala.

IJografi yinto ebalulekileyo, njengoko unako ukufumana i-RAI e-United States-ngokuchasene nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi okanye i-antithyroid. EU.S., utyando aluqhelwanga nge-hyperthyroidism, ngaphandle kokuba ukhulelwe kwaye awukwazi ukunyamezela izidakamizwa ze-antithyroid. Ngaphandle kwe-US, unyango lweziyobisi lwe-antithyroid luya kuba yinto yokuqala yokwenza unyango, kwaye utyando lusetyenziswa kakhulu, ngakumbi kubantwana nakwabasetyhini abaneminyaka yobudala.

Ezinye iindlela eziphikisanayo, iindlela zokunciphisa ukwelashwa zibandakanya ibloko / ukuthatha indawo yonyango (i-BRT) -kudibanisa i-hormone yee-hormone kunye neyeza-antithyroid-kunye nenkqubo eyaziwa ngokuba yi-thyroid.

Uninzi lwezigulane ze-thyroid ezifumana unyango lwe-RAI okanye utyando lwagqitywa ekugqibeleni uphethwe i-hypothyroid, kwaye unyango lwe -hormone ye-thyroid .

Abanye abalingani bokudibanisa bancoma ukunciphisa uxinzelelo kunye nolawulo lweendlela ezifana nokucamngca okukhokelwayo, i-antithyroid yokutya kunye noshintsho oluthile, amayeza aseShayina, kunye nezinye iindlela zokuncedisa i-thyroid engasebenzi.

Iingcali zonyango

I-Goiter ibhekisela kwi- thyroid ekhulisiweyo , enokuphuhliswa kokubili kwe-hypothyroidism kunye ne-hyperthyroidism.

Ngokuxhomekeka kubukhulu kunye nendawo, ukuba unayo i-goiter, kunokubangela ukuvakalelwa kwintamo yakho, intlungu, kunye nokungaqhelekanga, kunokukwenza kube nzima ukugwinya okanye ukuphefumla.

Ukuba unayo i-goiter encinci engabonakaliyo kwaye ayihambelani nayiphi na irregularities kumanqanaba akho e-thyroid, ugqirha wakho unokugqiba ukubeka iliso-ungaphathi-i-goiter yakho.

Ngomncinci, i-goiter ephawulekayo, oogqirha abakuphatha ngemithi ye-hormone ye-thyroid . Kwezinye iimeko, iziyobisi zinganciphisa okanye zitshintshe ukukhula kwe-goiter kodwa akunakwenzeka ukuba ungayihlehlisi.

Ukuba i-goiter yakho inkulu, iyaqhubeka ikhula nangona i-hormone ye-thyroid ikukhathaza, okanye ikuphazamisa ukugwinya okanye ukuphefumula, ugqirha wakho unokuncoma iodod i-radioactive (RAI) ukuba unciphise i-thyroid yakho, okanye utyando ukuba ususe konke okanye inxalenye yakho i-thyroid gland.

Kwimeko ye-goiter ebangelwa ukusilela kwe-iodine, ugqirha wakho uya kucetyiswa ukuba asebenzise iodode eyongezelelweyo.

Unyango lweNyroid Nodule

Uninzi lweengqungquthela ze-thyroid ziyingozi. Kwiincinci ezincinci ezingabangela ukuba zibonakalise iimpawu, abaninzi abachwephetha bakhetha ukubeka iliso kwizigulane. Ipesenti enkulu yabemi-ezinye iingcali zibonisa ukuba uninzi lwabantu-zinaloo maqhwenga angabonakaliyo, kwaye alufuneki unyango olungaphezulu.

Ngeengqungquthela ezinobungozi, i-first-treatment ye-hormone ishintshe i- levothyroxine , edla ngezinye izifo, inokuthintela i-nodule, inokuthintela i-nodules ukuba ikhule, kwaye inokunceda ukukhusela ii-nodules ezingaphezulu. Ngenxa yokuba unyango lusebenza ngokusisigxina kuphela kwizigulane, unyango lwe-levothyroxine lubhekwa njengento ephikisanayo.

Kwezinye iimeko, ukuba i-nodule ihamba kunye ne-hyperthyroidism, i-iodine ye-radioactive (RAI) isetyenziselwa ukucutha i-nodule kunye ne-thyroid gland. Ukuba i-nodule enobungozi inkulu kwaye ingaphenduli kumachiza okanye i-RAI, utyando luvame ukukhuthazwa.

Enye indlela esetyenziselwa iigununu ijoyi ye-ethanol (PEI) nganye , apho i-nodule igxininiswa ngumjovo.

• Izigulane ze-thyroid: Ngaba ufuna i-T3 okanye i-Natural Desiccated Thyroid?

• I-Metformin ne-Your Thyroid

Olunye uphephalo olutsha oluthile olungaphefumliyo lwe-nodules lukhwabaniso lwe -ultrasound ye-high-intensity .

Ukuba i-nodule okanye amanqindi amaninzi anqwenela ukuba nomhlaza, i-thyroid yakho isoloko isuswe yonke into okanye inxalenye. Kwimeko yokugula , imigaqo yonyango yomhlaza we-thyroid ilandelwa ngokusekelwe kumhlobo wesifo somhlaza.

Kwixesha elidlulileyo, i-thyroidectomy yenziwa emva kokuba inaliti yefayili ifuthe (i-FNA) ibonise izigulane ezingapheliyo okanye ezingavumelekiyo , kodwa inkqubo entsha yoHlolo lwe-Veracyte Afirma Thyroid iyanciphisa kakhulu iziphumo ezingapheliyo kwaye ivimbela ukuhlinzwa okungadingekile .

Izikhokelo ezichanekileyo kunyango lweengqungquthela zibonakaliswe kuMbutho waseMelika weeNtsholongwane zeeNtsholongwane zezoNyango zeZikliniki zokuSebenza kunye nokuLawula iiNodules zeTroid.

Thyroiditis Treatment

I-Thyroiditis ibhekisela ekuvukeni kwegciwane lakho le-thyroid. Ngoxa i-autoimmune (Hashimoto's) thyroiditis yinto eqhelekileyo, kukho ezinye i-thyroiditis, eziquka i-post-partum thyroiditis, iDe Quervain (ebizwa ngokuba yi-subacute okanye i-granulomatous) ye-thyroiditis, kunye ne-viral thyroiditis, phakathi kwezinye.

Njengoko kuphawuliwe, kwezinye iimeko, i- Hashimoto's thyroiditis iphathwa ngeziyobisi ze-hormone zokutshintsha . Kwiimeko ze-thyroiditis ezibuhlungu, oogqirha bancoma ukuba uhlaziye intlungu kunye nezinto ezichasayo, ezifana ne-aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil / Motrin), okanye naproxen (Aleve).

Ukuba i-thyroiditis ixakeke ngakumbi, oogqirha bacela ukuba izidakamizwa ze-steroid zinciphise ukuvuvukala, kunye ne-thyroid ye-hormone ye-drug substitution drugs, ukuvumela i-thyroid ukuba iphumle emsebenzini wayo wokuvelisa i-hormone.

Kwi-nutrition front, kukho ubungqina bokuthi ukuzalisa nge-mineral selenium kunokunceda i-thyroiditis.

Nalu ulwazi olungakumbi kwiintlobo ezithile ze- thyroiditis :

• Riedel's thyroiditis
• ukuxhathisa i-thyranitis yegranulomatous
• i-thyroiditis eyingozi
• i-thyroiditis engenabuhlungu
• postroidum thyroiditis

Unyango lweChrotic Cancer

Kukho iintlobo ezine ezahlukeneyo zomhlaza we-thyroid: ipapillary, follicular, medullary, kunye ne- plastiki . Ionyango lomhlaza we-thyroid zisekelwe kulo hlobo lomhlaza, kwaye kwezinye iimeko, ukuhamba-kancinci-ukuba umhlaza usasazeka kangakanani kwezinye iindawo zomzimba-kunye nokuba ungumhlaza omtsha okanye umhlaza wesiqhelo.

Unyango lomhlaza wesibeletho luquka:

• Ugqirha ukususa umhlaza, obizwa ngokuba yi-thyroidectomy . Ezinye izigulane zithola i-lobectomy, esusa enye icala le-thyroid. I-thyroidectomy esondelene nayo isusa yonke into. I-thyroid yonke isuswa kwi- thyroidectomy yakho yonke . I-lymph node dissection idla ngezinye ixesha ngexesha lotyando lwe-thyroid, ukuhlola ukusasazeka komdlavuza we-thyroid.
• Ukunyangwa kwamayeza ukubulala amaseli omhlaza. Ngomdlavuza we-thyroid, i-radiation ininzi inikwe inkunkuma okanye ipilisi equkethe i-iodine yama-radioactive (i-RAI). I-thyroid ibamba iodod, kwaye ifom e-radioactive iodine iqokelela kwimizimba ye-thyroid kwaye ibulala amangqamuzana omhlaza. Kwezinye iimeko, i-radiation ikhutshwa ngaphandle komzimba, ijoliswe ngokukodwa kwi-thyroid, kwaye iyaziwa ngokuba yimisebe yangaphandle yemitha.
• I-hormone yokwelapha, usebenzisa i-hormone ye-hormone yokusebenzisa iziyobisi . Emva kokuhlinzwa kwe-thyroid okanye i-RAI, mhlawumbi uya kuba yi-hypothyroid, kwaye ufuna i-thyroid i-hormone yokutshintsha imithi. Kwezinye iimeko, oogqirha baya kuncomela umthamo oya kugcina i-TSH yakho iphantsi okanye ingabonakali, ukukhusela umdlavuza we -roid.
• Iipilisi ezijoliswe kuzo, kubandakanywa iintlobo zamachiza amatsha kwiindidi ezahlukahlukeneyo zomhlaza we-thyroid, kubandakanywa nalawo awanqandekiyo kunyango lwe-iodine.
• I-Chemotherapy ayiqhelekanga, kodwa ingasetyenziselwa kwezinye iimeko, ngokuyinhloko ukukunceda ukukhupha iimpawu.

I-Hypothyroidism / I-Hashimoto's Disease's Treatment

I-Hypothyroidism yimeko apho i-thyroid ingasebenzi, ichithwe ngamakhemikhali, okanye isuswe, kwaye ngenxa yoko ayikwazi ukuvelisa ama-hormone e-thyroid okwaneleyo. Siyishiyile okokugqibela kuba, ngokubanzi, ezinye iindlela zokwelashwa kwe-thyroid-kuba zibandakanya i-radioactively ablating okanye ukukhangela ngokugqithiseleyo i-thyroid-zivame ukuphela kunye ne-hypothyroid.

I-Hypothyroidism iphathwa ngokunyusa ihomoni elahlekileyo, ihomoni ebalulekileyo kwimisebenzi ebalulekileyo yomzimba. Oku kufezekiswa ngokuthatha i -hormone ye-hormone yokutshintshwa kweziyobisi ezichazwe ngugqirha wakho.

Iidyroid ze-thyroid ezithatha indawo zonyango zibeka indawo ye-hormone ye-thyroid emzimbeni wakho. Ziquka ezi zilandelayo:

• I-drug-hormone ye-hormone yokutshintshwa kwezidakamizwa eyaziwayo ngokuqhelekileyo iyaziwa njenge-levothyroxine, uhlobo olwenziweyo lwe-thyroid e-thyroxine (T4). Amagama amabizo aqhelekileyo aquka i-Synthroid, Levoxyl, Unithroid, neTirosint.
• Kukho ifom yokwenziwa kwe-hormone ye-T3, ebizwa ngokuba yi-liyronronine, ngamanye amaxesha ifakwe kwi-levothyroxine ye-T4 / T3 yonyango. Igama lomtsalane e-US nguCytomel.
• Kwakhona, kukho i-hormone ye-substituted drug ebizwa ngokuba yi-thyroid ekhethiweyo yendalo, ngezinye izibhengezo i-NDT okanye i-"extract". Nangona sele ifumaneke ngaphezu kwekhulu leminyaka kwaye isasetyenziswa namhlanje, i-NDT ithathwa njengengxabano ngumphakathi wezonyango oluqhelekileyo, kodwa umiselwe ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngamagqirha apheleleyo. Amagama empawu eziqhelekileyo ziquka i-Nature-throid, i-Armor ye-Thyroid, kunye ne-WP Thyroid.

Ukunyangwa kwesifo sikaHashimoto, imeko ehamba ngokuzimeleyo edla ngokubangela ukuba i-hypothyroidism, inokuphikisana. Uninzi lwabasebenzi abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba i-Hashimoto ayifuni unyango, kwaye baphatha kuphela ngamayeza e-hormone asetshenzisiweyo xa iHashimoto ibangele i-hypothyroidism. (Funda kabanzi malunga nokwahlukana: Hashimoto kunye noHypothyroidism: Yintoni eyahlukileyo?)

Abanye oogqirha bakholelwa ukuba isifo sikaHashimoto, esinokuqinisekiswa ngokuvavanywa kwamachiza e-thyroid , sigunyazisa unyango kwezinye izigulane ezinezonyango, nangona ezinye izithiyo ze-thyroid ziqhelekile. Kukho ubungqina bokuba unyango lweHashimoto ngesifo se -hormone ye-thyroid ngaphambi kokuba i-hormone ye-hormone evuselela i-hormone (TSH) ikhuphe izinga lokunciphisa ezinye iimpawu. Olunye uphando lubonisa ukuba unyango lomntu onalooHashimoto ongezinye iimvavanyo zegazi eziqhelekileyo, kubandakanywa nezinga eliqhelekileyo le-TSH , lunokunceda ukukhusela izinga lokunyuka kwe-TSH kunye nenkqubela ekuzaliseni i-hypothyroidism. Ukunyanga kwamaHashimoto xa i-TSH iyinto eqhelekileyo ingquzulwano, nangona kunjalo.

Ummandla omtsha othembisa ukunyangwa kukaHashimoto: ukusetyenziswa kwe-dose e-naltrexone (LDN) ne-autologous stem cell transplants. Zonyango zonyango zinganceda ukunciphisa iintsholongwane kunye nokuphumelela kwezinye izigulane.

Kwi-front medication ngaphambili, ezinye iingcali eziphakanyisiweyo zincoma i- iodine supplementation , nezinye izongezo zondlo, ukutshintsha kwezinto zokutya, i-yogga ethile, i-body-body medicine, kunye nezinye iindlela zokuncedisa i-thyroid.

Ezinye iinkqubo zokunxulumanisa unyango ziquka:

• Ukuncedisa nge-selenium ukuya kuma-antibodies aphantsi
• Ukujongana nokungalingani kwe-adrenal echaphazelekayo enokuba nzima ukunyango lwe-thyroid
• Utshintsho lwezondlo ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala
• Ukuphelisa i-gluten ekudleni ngenxa yoxhumano phakathi kwe-gluten kunye nokuzimela
• Ukunciphisa uxinzelelo nolawulo

ILizwi

Xa kuziwa ekukhetheni unyango lwe-thyroid, ufuna ulwazi. Isiqalo esihle sokuqala silapha, kunye nezibonelelo zethu ezibanzi malunga nazo zonke iingxaki ze-thyroid .

Kufuneka kwakhona ufumane ugqirha we-thyroid , kwaye udibene naye. Yaye khumbula: Unganqikazi ukufumana uluvo lwe sibini kwinkathalo yakho ye-thyroid ukuba unemibuzo malunga nenkqubo yakho yokonyango.

_Imithombo:

_{Bahn R, Burch H, Cooper D, et al. I-Hyperthyroidism kunye Nezinye izizathu zeTrorotoxicosis: Izikhokelo zoLawulo lwe-American Thyroid Association kunye ne-American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists . I-Endocrine Practice . I-Vol 17 No. 3 ngoMeyi / ngoJuni 2011.}

> Garber J, uCobin R, Gharib H, et al. Izikhokelo zeZikliniki zoLwazi lwe-Hypothyroidism kubantu abadala: I-Cosponsored yi-American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists kunye ne-American Thyroid Association . I-Endocrine Practice . I-Vol 18 No. 6 uNovemba / Disemba 2012.

_{I-Smallridge R, uAin K, uAsa S, et al. Izikhokelo ze-American Thyroid Association Guidelines for Management of Patients with Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer. Thyroid . Umqulu 22, iNombolo 11, 2012 i-doi: 10.1089 / kwakho.1.0302}

_{Stagnaro-Green A, uAbalovich M, uAlexander E. et al. Izikhokelo ze-American Thyroid Association yoLwazi kunye nokuLawula izifo ze-Thyroid ngexesha lokukhulelwa kunye ne-Postpartum. Thyroid . Umqulu 21, iNombolo 10, 2011 i-do: 10.1089 / yakho.2011.0087}

_{I-Wells S, uAsa S, uDralle H, et al. Izikhokelo ze-American Thyroid Association zoLawulo lwe-Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma. Thyroid . Umqulu 25, iNombolo 6, 2015. Ithenda: 10.1089 / yakho.2014.0335}