Umdlavuza we-thyroid uhlolwe njani? Ukuxilongwa ngokubanzi nokuchanekileyo komhlaza we-thyroid kubandakanya iinkqubo ezininzi kunye neemvavanyo.
Sibanzi
Ngokuqhelekileyo, inkqubo yokuvavanya umdlavuza we-thyroid iqala ngophotho okanye i-nodule kwi-gland. Ungakufumana ngokwakho, okanye ukwazi ukuwubona. Kwezinye iimeko, ugqirha wakho unokuyijonga xa ehambisa intamo yakho.
Kwakhona kuyaqhelekileyo ukuba i-nodules ye-thyroid ifunyenwe xa unemiqolo ye-x yentloko okanye intamo. Kukho neemeko zababhenxi bezinwele eziqaphela iigulane ze-thyroid.
Unokwenza uvavanyo lwekhaya ukuze uncede ufumane iigununu. "I-Check Neck Check" ayiyiyo yonke into, kwaye ayiyikulawula ukuba unobunqunu, kodwa ukuba iifolothi zisondele kummandla okanye zikhulu, iyakwazi ukufunyanwa ngolu vavanyo olulula.
Uvavanyo lweMzimba
Ugqirha wakho kufuneka aqhube uvavanyo olusisigxina. Olu vavanyo lufanele lubandakanye i-palpation yakho ye-thyroid, apho ugqirha ezivala ngokukhulisa kunye nezibilini kwi-thyroid gland, kwaye uvavanya ubukhulu be-gland, kunye ne-asymmetry, kunye nokuqina. Ugqirha uya kukhangela nayiphi na i-lymph nodes ephakamileyo entanyeni yakho kunye nommandla ojikelezayo.
Gcina ukhumbule ukuba iigciwane ze-thyroid ziqhelekile. Uninzi, nangona kunjalo, luyingozi. Ngokwe-American Cancer Society, ngaphantsi kwe-1 kwi-10 ntsholongwane ye-thyroid inomdlavuza.
Unokufumana iinkcukacha ezongezelelweyo malunga nolunye uvavanyo olubalulekileyo kweli nqaku malunga nokokungena kwi-klinikhi epheleleyo ye-thyroid .
Biopsy
Oogqirha babesoloko bexolisa i-thyroid nodules, ukuvavanya umdlavuza. Iinqununu ze-thyroid ngokuqhelekileyo zichithwa ngokusebenzisa inaliti, kwinkqubo eyaziwa ngokuba yi " good bele aspiration biopsy " - ngamanye amaxesha iFNA igqityiweyo.
Ezinye izigulane zine-biopsy yokugonywa, apho i-nodule, okanye i-thyroid gland ngokwayo, isuswa. Kwezinye iimeko, i-biopsy "ikhokelwa yi-ultrasound" ukuze i-nodule ichaneke ngokuchanekileyo ngugqirha okanye kwi-pathologist eyenza i-biopsy.
Uyakwazi ukufunda le Q & A kwi-Fine Needle Impumulo ye-Thyroid ye-Thyroid ukuze ufumane inkcazelo engakumbi malunga ne-FNA biopsy inkqubo.
Qaphela: Uvavanyo olutsha olutholakalayo ukususela ngo-2011, olubizwa ngokuba yi- Veracyte Afirma Thyroid Analysis , luphelisa iziphumo ezingapheliyo okanye ezingagqibekanga ze-thyroid nodule biopsy.
Uvavanyo lweemvavanyo
Iimvavanyo ezihlukahlukeneyo zokucinga kunye nezicatshulwa zisetyenziselwa ukuvavanya iinqununu ze-thyroid malunga nomdlavuza we-thyroid. Ezi ziquka:
- Iskripsi ye-nyukliya, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-RAI-U i-iodine uptake (RAI-U). Kulo vavanyo, unikezwa umthamo we-traceous radioactive, olandelwa ngu-scan. Iimodyuli ezithatha iodow enye i-radiodiac, kwaye ngoko ibonakala ngakumbi, ibonise kwi-scan. Ezi ziyaziwa ngokuba "zizigulane ezitshisiweyo" kwaye zinokwenzeka ukuba zibe zizintlu.
- I-CT scan, ebizwa ngokuba yi-tomography okanye i-"scan scan" yinto ekhethekileyo ye-x-ray edlalwa ngamanye amaxesha ukuhlola i-thyroid. I-scan ye-CT ayinakukufumanisa iigununu ezincinci, kodwa inokukunceda ukufumanisa kunye nokuxilonga i-goiter, okanye i-nodules ezinkulu ze-thyroid.
- Imifanekiso ye-magnontic resonance (MRI), inokukunceda ukufumanisa ukwandisa kwi-thyroid gland, kunye nezicubu kunye nobukhulu be-tumor. I-MRI ingaba luncedo ekufumaneni ukusasazeka kwezidumbu.
- I-thyroid i-ultrasound inokuthi ingaba i-nodule i-cyst egcwele amanzi okanye ubuninzi beethambo eziqinileyo, kodwa ayikwazi ukugqiba ukuba i-nodule okanye ihlunu ayibi.
Olunye ulwazi malunga nokuhlola iifoto ze-thyroid kufakwe kweli nqaku kwiimvavanyo ze- Thyroid Imaging .
Uvavanyo lweGazi
Uvavanyo lwegazi alukwazi ukuxilonga umdlavuza we-thyroid ngokwawo, okanye ufumene isigqabi somhlaza we-thyroid. Noko ke, ingasetyenziswa ekuhloliseni umsebenzi we-thyroid kunye novavanyo lwe-hypothyroidism okanye i-hyperthyroidism.
Xa kukhankanywa umdlavuza we- thylary medrlary , oogqirha baya kuhlola amanqanaba aphezulu e-calcium, njengoko oku kungabonakalisa. Baya kwenza uvavanyo lwemizimba ukuze bafumene i-geni engavumelekanga echaphazelekayo kwezinye iimeko zengqondo yomhlaza we-thyroid.
Laryngosocopy
Ngokuqhelekanga, ukuba isalathisi se-thyroid sisondele kwibhokisi yakho yegama, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-larynx, i-laryngoscopy iya kwenziwa. Olu vavanyo lubandakanya ukufaka ityhubhu eguquguqukayo ukujonga i-larynx yakho ekukhuliseni okukhulu.
Ulwazi olungakumbi ngeCroroid Cancer
Fumana okunye malunga nemingcipheko yomhlaza we-thyroid , kunye nemiqondiso nempawu zomdlavuza we-thyroid .
Imithombo:
> Braverman, MD, Lewis E., noRobert D. Utiger, MD. UWerner no-Ingbar I-Thyroid: Isicatshulwa esibalulekileyo kunye neZiklinikhi. 9th, Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins (LWW), 2005.
> I-National Cancer Institute - I-Cancer Cancer Page
> Yintoni Okufuneka Uyazi Ngomdlavuza We-Thyroid, iNational Cancer Institute
> I-American Cancer Society: Ikhokelo yeCroroid Cancer
> Umbutho Wabahlengikazi be-Thyroid (ThyCa)