Ukujonga kwangaphakathi
Ugqirha kwi-thyroid gland yaziwa ngokuba yi-thyroidectomy. Kule nqaku, qwalasela izizathu zokuhlinzwa okwe-thyroid, iintlobo zonyango lwe-thyroid, kunye noko ukulindele ngaphambi nangemva kokuhlinzwa.
Izizathu zoPhando lwe-Thyroid
Utyando lwe-thyroid lwenziwa kwiimeko ezininzi:
- njengonyango lomhlaza we-thyroid
- xa i- thyroid ekwandisiweyo (goiter) okanye iigulane ezininzi zenza izimonkwane, ukuphefumula okanye ukugwinya iingxaki
- kumfazi okhulelwe, xa i-hyperthyroidism ingakwazi ukulawulwa yiziyobisi ze-antithyroid , kwaye ifuna unyango olushushu
- xa ezinye iindlela zonyango ze hyperthyroidism - okt,. iziyobisi ze-antithyroid okanye iodod i- radioactive ayizange isebenze. (Oku kusebenza e-US Ngaphandle kwe-US, utyando ngamanye amaxesha lwenziwa njengonyango lwe-hyperthyroidism ngaphambili okanye endaweni ye-iodine yama-radioactive.)
- kubantwana, ukuba ugqirha okanye umzali unqwenela ukuphepha iodine ye-iodine
- xa isigulane sichasa imithi ye-antithyroid okanye iodody i-radio
- xa isiguli sifuna ukuzama ukukhulelwa masinyane emva kokunyanga
Ukukhetha i-Surgeon
Iingxaki zinokwenzeka kakhulu ngabagqirha abanamava angaphantsi okwenza utyando lwe-thyroid, ngoko qi niseka ukuba ugqirha wakho unamava amaninzi kwindlela yokuhlinzwa ye-thyroid. Unokufumana oku ngakumbi kwinqaku malunga nokufumana i-Top Top Hero .
Iintlobo zeNyango yoBuchule be-Thyroid
Kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili ze-thyroid:
- Iyonke i-Thyroidectomy - Ukususwa ngokupheleleyo kwe-Thyroid
Olu luhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwe-thyroid, kwaye luvame ukusetyenziswa kumdlavuza we-thyroid, kwaye ngokukodwa, i-cancer ye-aggressive, njenge-medullary okanye i- aplastic umdlavuza we-thyroid . Kukwasetyenziswa kwakhona kwi-goiter kunye ne-Graves '/ hyperthyroidism unyango. - I-Subtotal / i-Thyroidectomy ekhethekileyo-Ukususwa kwehafu ye-Grey Gland
Kulo msebenzi, umhlaza kufuneka ube mncinci kwaye ungenabundlobongelayo - inzululwazi okanye i-papillary - kwaye iqulethwe kwicala elinye legland. Xa i-thytectal okanye i-thyroidectomy ekhethekileyo iyenziwa, ngokuqhelekileyo, oogqirha benza i-thytectectomy subtotal eshiya i-1 ukuya kwi-5 amagremu kwicala ngalinye / i-lobe ye-thyroid. Inkqubo ye-Harley Dunhill iphandwayo, apho kukho i-lobectomy epheleleyo kwicala elinye, kunye ne-subtotal kwenye, ukushiya i-4 ukuya ku-5 amagremu weetyusi ze-thyroid.
- I-Loroid ye-Lobectomy - Ukususwa kwe-Only Quarter ye-Gland
Oku kungasetyenziswa kakhulu kumdlavuza we-thyroid, njengoko iiseli zomhlaza kufuneka zibe ziincinci kwaye zingabi nzobudlova.
Umba we-subtotal / partial, ne-total thyroidectomy ingxabano. Abanye oogqirha banqwenela ukwenza i-thyroidectomy nantoni naxa kunokwenzeka, bakholelwa ukuba baya kushiya izicubu ze-thyroid ezaneleyo ukukhusela i-hypothyroidism. (I-thyroidectomy yakho iyonke inamathuba angama-100 ekhulisa i-hypothyroidism). Umngcipheko we-hypothyroidism kunye ne-subtotal thyroidectomy, kodwa ke, iphakamileyo, kwaye ezinye iingcali zithi i-70 ekhulwini yezigulane ezitholayo i-thyroidectomy iya kuba yi-hypothyroid. Ekubeni esinye sezizathu eziphambili ze-thyroidectomy ukukhusela i-hypothyroidism, kwaye loo njongo iyenzeka kuphela kwiimeko ezithile, iingcali zikholelwa ukuba akukho nzuzo enye yongezwayo kwi-thyroidectomy, kwaye ihlala ikhuthaza i-thyroidectomy yakho yonke into.
Yintoni enokuthi ufumane ngayo
Kwiimeko ezininzi, utyando lwe-thyroid alunzima kakhulu, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo lithatha iiyure ezingaphezu kweyure.
Ukususwa kwesigamu se-thyroid kuthatha imizuzu engama-45 ukuya kweyure, ngoko ke ukuba i-gland iyasuswa, utyando luya kuhlala malunga neyure nesiqingatha.
Hlola kunye nodokotela wakho ogqirha malunga neyeza othabathayo, kwaye yintoni okumele uyenze / ungayithathi kwiintsuku ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
Uyakucelwa ukuba ukhangele esibhedlele ekuseni ngokuhlinzwa kwakho. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ugqirha wakho uya kucela ukuba ungayi kudla okanye uphuze emva kobusuku bobusuku ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
Isibhedlele okanye ukungena kweSibhedlele?
Ngokuxhomekeka kwimeko yesigulane, ukuhlala esibhedlele okanye ubusuku obusuku obubini kunokucwangciswa. Utyando lwe-thyroid lwangaphandle luya kuba lukhulu kakhulu, kodwa ke uphando lubonisa ukuba ukuhlinzwa ngonyango kuphephile, kusebenza- kwaye kuyabiza kakhulu-kwizigulane ezininzi, kwaye kunokukhetha ukuhlala esibhedlele.
Jikelele okanye i-Aneshesia yendawo?
Utyando lwe-thyroid luqhutshwa rhoqo nge-anesthesia jikelele. Abanye oogqirha ngoku basebenzise i-anesthesia yendawo, kunye ne-sedative, nangona kunjalo, ukwenza utyando lwe-thyroid.
Izinzuzo ze-anesthesia zendawo zithi zidibene nokuhlala kancinci kwesibhedlele, ixesha elincinci lokuhlinzwa, kunye nokuhlanza okuncinci kunye nesisulu emva kokuhlinzwa.
Ukuba ukhetha i- aneshesia yendawo, ugqirha wakho uya kukunika amayeza enkqenkqayo kwindawo yendawo ye-thyroid, kunye nesondlo esincinci ukukunceda uhlale uzinzile. Kodwa ke uya kuphaphama ngexesha lotyando, kwaye unako ukusebenzisana nodokotela wakho ogqirha.
Abaninzi abagqirha baqeqeshwa ukwenza utyando lwe-thyroid phantsi kwe-anesthesia yendawo. Ngoko ukuba ufuna ukuqhubeka nalolu khetho, qiniseka ukuba ugqirha wakho wenze utyando oluninzi lwe-thyroid. (Ezinye iingcali zibonisa ukuba ufuna ugqirha owenze le nkqubo ubuncinane amaxesha angama-50.)
Inkqubo Yokutyikitya
Xa utyando, ugqirha uya kugawula ukuchithwa kwe-3 ukuya kwe-5 intshi ngaphantsi kwentamo yakho ngaphambili. Ikhumba kunye nemisipha zitsalwa ukuze ziveze i-thyroid gland. Isiqhelo senziwa ngokuqhelekileyo ukuze siwa ehlwini lesikhumba entanyeni yakho, okwenza kube lula.
Ukunikezelwa kwegazi kwi-gland "kukubophelelwe," kunye neengcungconi ze-parathyroid zichongiwe (ukuze zikhuselwe). Ugqirha ke uhlukanisa i-trachea kwi-thyroid, kwaye uyasusa yonke into okanye inxalenye yengcambu.
Uninzi lwagqirha lisebenzisa iziqu ezinokutsha, kodwa unokufuna ukubuza udokotela wakho ogqithisileyo ngaphambi kwexesha elinjongo azimisele ukuyisebenzisa, ngenxa yokuba izibonda ezingenakunqwenela zivame ukubangela ukonakala okuncinci. Ukuba unayo nayiphi na imbali yeempembelelo zesikhumba ezidlulileyo kwizicatshulwa ezidlulileyo, ungaphinda ufune ukubuza ugqirha wakho malunga nokusebenzisa izinto ze-hypoallergenic suture.
Qaphela: Uninzi lwe-thyroid lwenziwa ngokusetyenziswa kwindlela yobugcisa. Kodwa abanye oogqirha benza ubuchopho be-endoscopic , obandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwekhamera encinci ekwentanyeni entanyeni. I-carbon dioxide igesi iphoswe entanyeni yomnxeba ukunceda kube lula ukubona nokusebenza kwintsimbi. Isalathisi esincinane sesibini senziwe, kwaye ityhubhu encinci ene-scalpel-like edge ifakwe ngolu hlobo. Le tube ithuluzi lokucoca elisetyenziselwa ukususa i-thyroid. Ukuhlinzwa okwenziwe nge-Endoscopic, kuba kubandakanya izikhonkwane ezimbini ezincinci ezingaphantsi kweyintshi enye, ngokuqhelekileyo zishiya ukukhawuleza okubonakalayo, kwaye zivumela ukubuyela ngokukhawuleza kwimisebenzi eqhelekileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha, inqaku lokungena liphantsi kwengalo - eyaziwa ngokuba yi-axillary surgery. Ukuhlinzwa okwenziwe nge-Endoscopic akuqhelekanga, nangona kunjalo, kuya kufuneka ufumane ugqirha onamava okwenza oku kutyando, kwaye uhlole ukuba ngaba kufanelekile imeko yakho.
Emva kokuPhepha kwakho
Emva kokuhlinzwa, uya kuhlala uhlala phantsi kwimbhedlele esibhedlele ubuncinane ubuncinane iiyure ezingama-6. Ukuba utyunjwa, usenokukhutshwa emva kwelo nqaku.
Ngaphambi kokuba ukhutshwe, i-incision yakho ihlala ihlanganiswa ne-glue ekhuselekileyo engamanzi ebizwa ngokuba yi-colloidium. (Oku kukuvumela ukuba uhlambe okanye uhlambe emva kokuhlinzwa.)
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuba kukho inkxalabo malunga nokuphuma kwegazi okanye ukuba i-thyroid ikhulu kakhulu kwaye utyando luye lwashiya indawo enkulu evulekile, i-drain iya kushiyelwa kwilonda lakho ukukhusela ukuphuma kwamanzi. Uya kufuneka ubuyele kumgqirha emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa ukuba unxweme lukhutshwe.
Kukho iziphumo eziqhelekileyo zecandelo elifutshane elinokuthi uvale emva kotyando lwe-thyroid, kubandakanywa intlungu xa uginya, kunye nentamo yentamo. Uninzi lwezigulane nazo ziba yi-hypothyroid emva kokuhlinzwa kwaye zidinga i-thyroid ye-hormone yonyango. Ezi ngxoxo zixutyushwa ngokubanzi kwinqaku malunga nokuphinda emva kokuphelelwa kwe-Thyroid .
Nangona iimeko ezinzima zingabonakali, abambalwa bangabonakalisa emva kokuhlinzwa kwe-thyroid. Ezi ziquka i-hypoparathyroidism kunye ne-hypocalcemia, kunye nomonakalo wesondlo. Iimpawu zingabandakanya ukuphazamisa kunye nokubetha emlonyeni wakho, izandla, kunye neenyawo ezinyaweni zakho, iintlanzi zentlungu kunye neentsholongwane, iintloko ezibi, ukuxhalabisa, ukuxinezeleka, ukukhathazeka, nobunzima ukuthetha ngokukhawuleza. Unokufunda ngokubanzi malunga nayo kwiinkxalabo emva kokuhlinzwa kweTroroid .
Imithombo:
Braverman, MD, Lewis E., noRobert D. Utiger, MD. UWerner no-Ingbar I-Thyroid: Isicatshulwa esibalulekileyo kunye neZiklinikhi. 9th, Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins (LWW), 2005.
I-Web Presbyterian ye-Thyroid Center Web Site, Online.
Ku, Chun-Fan kunye. al. "Ubuninzi be-thyroidectomy bubeka indawo ye-thyroidectomy njengendlela ekhethiweyo yokunyangwa kwe-Graves's disease," I- ANZ Journal of Surgery , Volume 75 Issue 7 Page 528-531, Julayi 2005 Online
Lal, Geeta kunye. al. "Ngaba i-Total ye-thyroidectomy iya kuba yinkqubo ekhethiweyo yokuLawula ukuLawula izifo zeMangcwaba?" I-Thyroid , Juni 2005, Vol. 15, No. 6: 569 -574 I-Intanethi.
U-Moreno, uPablo, kunye. al. "I-Subtotal Thyroidectomy: Indlela ethembekileyo yokufumana i-Euthyroidism kwiiNgcwaba zezifo." Iingxelo zokuxela, "I- World Journal of Surgery , uMqulu 30, iNombolo 11, Novemba 2006, iphe.
Rosato, L, kunye. al. "Iingxaki ze-thyroidectomy yakho: isiganeko, ukhuseleko kunye nonyango" Chir Ital . 2002 Sep-Oct; 54 (5): 635-42.
Shomon, Mary J., Ukuphila kakuhle nge-Hypothyroidism: Yithini i-Yoru Ugqirha ongenakukuxelela ukuba Ufuna ukwazi, u- 2nd Edition, uHarperCollins, ngo-2005, kwi-Intanethi.