Ukwandisa iminyaka engumama kunokunyusa ingozi yomntwana weemeko ezithile
Ibhinqa lizalelwa onke amaqanda aya kutyhila kunye nobomi bakhe bonke. Ngoko ukuba uneminyaka engama-30 xa ukhulelwa, iqanda owakhulelwe nayo lineminyaka engama-30 ubudala. Ukuba uneminyaka engama-45 xa ukhulelwa, iqanda olikhulelwe lona lineminyaka engama-45 ubudala. Njengamaqanda ubudala, banokuthi babe neephene ezingabangela ukuba kubekho iintlungu , kuquka i-trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) .
Ngaba Ubunzima bukaBawo?
Amadoda angenza isisu ngokuqhubekayo ebomini babo. Ngoko umntu unokuba neminyaka engama-45, kodwa isityalo esilenzayo sisenokuba kuphela iiveki ezimbalwa. Ekubeni i-sperm iselula, kucingelwa ukuba ikhuselwe kwi-Down syndrome kunye nezinye izifo. Nangona ubudala bukayise abufakelanga umngcipheko wokungaqhelekanga kwe-chromosome, amadoda akayi kuvimba. Ubudala bomntwana obusondeleyo buchaphazela kakubi ezinye izifo ze-genetic ezifana ne-achondroplasia (i- dwarfism ), i-Marfan syndrome (i-genetic syndrome ebonakaliswe yimiba ende kunye neengxaki zentliziyo) kunye nezinye iingxaki ezizimeleyo ze-autosomal.
Yiyiphi Iminyaka yobudala beMama?
Ubudala bomama obusondeleyo ligama lezonyango ezisetyenziselwa ukuchaza abafazi abakhulelwe abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-35. Eli gama lithandwa kakhulu njengoko inani elikhulayo labasetyhini abadala bekhulelwa. Nangona ukuba uneminyaka yobudala obudala kunokunyusa amathuba okuba nomntwana one-Down syndrome, kuneminye impembelelo yempilo.
Ngubani omele abe nokuvavanywa kwangaphambi kokubeleka?
Ngaphambi ko-2007, i-American College ye-Obstetrics kunye ne-Gynecologists (ACOG) isetyenziswe ukucebisa ukuba bonke abafazi abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-35 banikezelwe ukuvavanywa kokuqala kokubeletha okufana ne-amniocentesis kunye ne- chorionic villus . Xa uneminyaka engama-35, umngcipheko wokuba nosana olunenkinga ye-chromosomal malunga ne-1 ngo-200 kwaye umngcipheko wokuthatha isisu ngokusuka kwi-amniocentesis kucatshangwa ukuba malunga ne-1 ngo-200.
Ekubeni la maxabiso ayicatshangwa ukuba afanayo, 35 athatyathwa njengeminyaka ephakanyisiweyo yokuhlola uvavanyo lokuhlola.
Ngo-2007, i-ACOG yatshintshe isikhokelo sayo apho abafazi abakhulelweyo kufuneka banikwe ukuvavanywa kwangaphambi kokubeleka. Izinto ezimbini zathintela lo tshintsho kumgaqo-nkqubo. Okokuqala, baqaphela ukuba umngcipheko wokuphuphuma kwesisu ukusuka ku-amniocentesis wawungaphantsi kwe-1 ngo-200 (malunga ne-1 ngo-500). Okwesibini ngenxa yezobisi zonyango ezichasene nabagqirha kwiimeko apho amabhinqa amancinci ayenabantwana abane-Down syndrome kodwa abazange bafumane ukuhlolwa kokubeleka.
Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba izikhokelo ze-ACOG zibhekisela kubani abafanele banikezelwe ukuvavanywa kokubeleka. Abacebisi bonke abafazi ukuba bavavanywe, nje ukuba bonke abafazi kufuneka banikezwe uvavanyo. Kuye kuwe ukugqiba nokuba ngaba ufuna ukuvavanywa kwangaphambi kokubeleka kwaye luhlobo luni lokuvavanya, ukuba lukhona, lulungele wena nokukhulelwa kwakho.
Kukho izinto ezininzi zokuqwalasela xa usenza isigqibo malunga nokuvavanywa kokubeleka. Ngaphambi kokuhamba novavanyo, kubalulekile ukuqonda ingozi yakho yokuba nomntwana onokungaqhelekanga kwechromosomal, kunye nento oya kwenza ngayo nayiphi na imiphumela engalindelekanga.
Imithombo:
I-Newberger, D., Down Syndrome: Uvavanyo loKhuseleko lweNtsholongwane kunye nokuHlola. WaseMerika ugqirha. 2001.
Ikholeji yase-American College of Obstetricians kunye neGynecologists (ACOG). Ukukhulelwa kwakho nokuzalwa, u-4 Edition. I-ACOG, Washington, DC, 2005.
I-Hook EB, i-Cross PK, i-Schreinemachers DM. Ixabiso le-Chromosomal elingaqhelekanga kwi-amniocentesis nakwiintsana ezizalwayo. JAMA 1983; 249 (15): 2034-38.