Iimpawu, ukuvavanya kunye nokunyangwa kwe-Hypothyroidism kwi-Down Syndrome
Down Syndrome kunye ne-Hypothyroidism
Abantu abane- Down syndrome basengozini yokwanda kwe-hypothyroidism. I-Hypothyroidism yinto engummangaliso oqhelekileyo onokuchaphazela abantu abaneminyaka yonke ubudala, kwaye ivela kwi-1 kubantu abayi-4,000. Iziganeko ziphezulu kubantu abane-Down syndrome. Naphi na ukusuka kuma-13 kuya ku-55% abantu abane-Down syndrome baya kuphuhlisa i-hypothyroidism ngexesha lokuphila kwabo.
Akucaci ukuba kutheni abantu abane-Down syndrome benethuba elikhulayo lokwenza i-hypothyroidism. Iindaba ezilungileyo kukuba ukuphathwa lula ngamayeza.
Ukuqonda i-hypothyroidism, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba yiyiphi i-thyroid kunye nomsebenzi oqhelekileyo emzimbeni.
Yintoni i-Thyroid?
I-thyroid yakho i-butterfly encinci eyenziwe entanyeni yakho, phambi kwe-apple ka-Adam. I-thyroid iyingxenye ye-endocrine okanye i-hormone system. Ngoxa sihlala sidibanisa amahomoni kunye nabaselula kunye nezo zesini, ngokwenene badlala indima ebalulekileyo ekulawuleni imisebenzi emininzi yomzimba kubandakanya i-metabolism namanqanaba emandla.
Yintoni i-Hypothyroidism?
I-Hypothyroidism yimeko ebangelwa ukuba ne-hormone encinci ye-thyroid (thyroxine) egazini. Xa umntu efunyaniswa ukuba ene-hypothyroidism, i-thyroid gland ithi "ingasebenzi" - ayivelisi ihomoni ye-thyroid eyaneleyo.
Izimpawu ze-hypothyroidism zifana neziganeko kunye neempawu ze-Down syndrome , kwaye kunokuba nzima ukuchazela umahluko phakathi kwezi zifo zimbini. Izimpawu ze-hypothyroidism zibandakanya izinga lokukhula lokunciphisa, ukuzithemba, ukuguquka okanye ukukhathala, ukunciphisa i-tone muscle kunye nolusu olomileyo kunye neenwele - zonke izinto ezinokuthi zenzeke kubantu abaxilongwa nge-Down syndrome.
Yintoni iHormone ye-Thyroid?
I-hormone ye-thyroid, ebizwa ngokuba yi-thyroxine, ikhona emzimbeni kwiifom ezimbini ezahlukeneyo ezibizwa ngokuba yi-T3 ne-T4. I-T4 ifom eqhelekileyo kwigazi, kwaye iguqulelwa kwi-T3 xa isebenza emzimbeni. Ixabiso le-T4 eliveliswa yi-thyroid lilawulwa li-hormone ebizwa ngokuba yi-thyroid evuselela i-hormone (TSH). I-TSH ivuselela i-thyroid ukuba ivelise i-T4, eguqulelwe ibe yi-T3 emzimbeni. Xa i-thyroid ingasebenzi kangako, iqala ukuvelisa i-T4 engaphantsi komzimba. Xa uzama ukulungisa le ngxaki, umzimba uqala ukuvelisa ngaphezulu nangaphezulu i-TSH, ukuzama ukukhuthaza i-thyroid engasebenzi ukuvelisa ama-hormone angaphezulu. Ngoko ukuyibala, xa i-thyroid yakho ingasebenzi, kunamazinga aphantsi a-T4 kunye ne-T3 kwigazi lakho, kunye nezinga eliphezulu le-TSH.
I-Hypothyroidism yafunyanwa njani kubantu abane-Down Syndrome?
Ngenxa yokuba abantu abane-Down syndrome banethuba elongeziweyo lokuphuhlisa i-hypothyroidism, "bahlolwe" okanye bavavanywa kule ngxaki rhoqo, ngokuhlolwa kwegazi, phezu kwexesha lokuphila kwabo.
Uninzi lweintsana kweli lizwe, kunye kunye nangaphandle kwe-Down syndrome, zihlolwe i-hypenroidism yokubeleka ngexesha lokuzalwa ngokusebenzisa inkqubo yabo yokuhlola inkqubo entsha.
Ukuba uvavanyo olusandulweyo olutsha luba luhle, okanye ukuba ugqirha wakho ubona ezinye iimpawu ze-hypothyroidism kwintsana yakho engatshatyalaliswa naye unokuyalela ukuba aqhubeke nokuhlolwa kwegazi ukuqinisekisa ukuba le nto ixilongo.
Njengoko umntwana wakho ekhula, uya kuqhubeka nokuvavanya i-hypothyroidism. Kunconywa ukuba zonke iintsana ezine-Down syndrome zihlolwe i-hypothyroidism ngeemvavanyo zegazi ezilinganisa ama-hormone e-thyroid kwiinyanga ezintandathu, unyaka kunye nonyaka emva koko.
I-Hypothyroidism ithathwa njani?
I-Hypothyroidism iphathwa ngokunyusa ukulahleka kwe-hormone ye-thyroid ngokwemvelo ngokutshintshwa kwezinto ezibizwa ngokuba yi-levothyroxine (igama lesiqhelo elithi Synthroid).
I-Levothyroxine ipilisi ethathwa imihla ngemihla kwaye kufuneka ithathwe kuyo yonke into yobomi bomntu. Iintsana kunye ne-hypothyroidism zinokuphathwa nge-liquid version ye-levothyroxine de zikwazi ukugwinya i pilisi. Xa umntu sele eqalise unyango, ugqirha uya kuqhubeka nokubeka iliso amazinga abo e-hormone kunye neempawu zabo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba bafumana inani elifanelekileyo levothyroxine.
Okukwintsusa
I-Hypothyroidism yintlupheko ephathekayo eyenzeka ngokuqhelekileyo kubantu abane-Down syndrome. Ngenxa yokuba iimpawu ze-hypothyroidism zikhohlakele kwaye zithwala i-Down syndrome, bonke abantu abane-Down syndrome kufuneka babe nomsebenzi wegazi wonyaka ukuze bahlole ukuba baye bahlakulela le disorder.
IINKONZO:
I-American Academy ye-Pediatrics Policy Statements. Ukulawulwa kwezeMpilo kwabantwana abane-Down Syndrome. Iingcali zonyango 2001 107: 442-449.
Cohen, W., et al. (1996). I-Down Syndrome Uluhlu lokuHlola lwezoNyango. Ingxelo yeqela le-Down Syndrome yeNtlalo. Down Syndrome ngekota. Umqulu 1 (2).
Selikowitz, uMark. Down Syndrome. ENew York: i-Oxford University Press. 2008. (3rd Edition)