Siphila kwi-tech-y yehlabathi, apho ixesha elide lichithwa ngokusebenzisa iteknoloji ukuthenga izinto, ukudibana nabahlobo kunye nokuhambisa amafilimu. Ukongeza kwiingenelo, nangona kunjalo, iteknoloji inokuba neengxaki zayo, ingakumbi kubantwana bethu. Izifundo zibonise ukuba ixesha elide kakhulu leskrini lidibaniswe nokukhuluphala, intetho yokulibaziseka, kunye nokukhathazeka kwengqondo.
Isikhathi Sesikrini kunye nesifo sikashukela
Ukongezelela, uphando olutsha luye lwaphakamisa ukuphakanyiswa kobudlelwane phakathi kwenyuka kwesikrini, (ngaphezu kweyure nganye yemihla ngemihla) kunye nomngcipheko wohlobo lwesifo sikashukela se-type 2, ngokukodwa ukuxhatshazwa kwe-insulin kunye nesifo (i-fatly fat). Abaphandi bafumanise ukuba abo bantwana babika ixesha elibalulekileyo kwesikrini, ngaphezu kweeyure ezingama-3, xa kuthelekiswa nalabo ababukele ihora eli-1 okanye ngaphantsi, babenobumba obuphezulu besikhumba, ubunqamle be-fat mass, kunye nokuxhatshazwa kwe-insulin, ukubiza ngambalwa. Ukuxhatshazwa kwe-insulin kukungasebenzi komzimba ukusebenzisa i- insulin, i-hormone eneendima ezininzi . Enye yeendima eziphambili ze-insulin inceda umzimba ukuba usebenzise i-glucose okanye ushukela njengamafutha. Ukukhushulwa kwe-insulin kuboniswe ukuba ngummakishi okanye umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela se-2 .
Uphando, olupapashwe kwi- Archives of Disease kubantwana, basebenzisa isampuli esathathwa kubantwana abangama-4495 (amantombazana angama-2337 kunye nabafana abangama-2158), iminyaka eyi-9-10 ubudala.
Abathathi-nxaxheba baqeshwe kwiidolophu ezintathu zase-UK (iLondon, iBirmingham, neLeicester), ehlanganisene neyesibini kwi-Asiya yaseMzantsi Afrika kunye nama-black-Caribbean ase-UK. Ngaphantsi kweyesithathu kwabathathi-nxaxheba babekho abamhlophe-eCaucasian. Abantwana abazibambileyo besikhokelo sosuku kwesikrini basebenzisa i-survey. Ngexesha lokufunda, phakathi ko-2004 ukuya ku-2007, abantwana babuzwa malunga 'nexesha lokukhenkcela' elichazwe njengexesha elichithe ukubukela umabonwakude kunye nevidiyo okanye imidlalo yekhompyutha.
Olu phofu aluzange lucinge ngokusetyenziswa kwefowuni kunye nokusetyenziswa kwethebhulethi, esetyenziswa ngokubanzi ngabantwana kwaye inokubangela ukuziphatha kokuhlala. Abathathi-nxaxheba babalinganiswa-ubude, ubunzima, ubukhulu besikhumba, njl njl, kunye neebrabhu ezatyelelwa ukuvavanya i-glucose, i-cholesterol, i-insulin, i-hemoglobin A1c (iinyanga ezintathu eziphakathi kweeshukela zegazi) , kunye nezinye izinto ezibangelwa ingozi ye-cardiometabolic. Nangona kwakukho ubudlelwane obubalulekileyo ekukhuseni kwe-insulin, abaphandi abazange bafumane ubudlelwane phakathi kweshukela yegazi (i-glucose) kunye ne-hemoglobin A1c, ephakamileyo xa iphakanyisiwe ukuba yinto emngciphekweni yesifo seswekile.
Yintoni esinokuyiphuma kulo Mxholo?
Ngeli xesha lo pho nonongo lufumene umbutho phakathi kokunyuka kwesikrini kweso sikrini kunye nohlobo lwe-2 engozini yesifo sikashukela kubantwana, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ayizange ibonise ukuba ukwanda kwexesha lesikrini kubangela ukunyanzeliswa kwe-insulin kunye nesifo. Uphando olongezelelweyo kunye nohlobo oluhlukeneyo loyilo lophando luya kuqhutyelwa ukuba lubone ukuba ngaba kunjalo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kusabalulekile ukuba uqaphele lo mbutho, njengoko unokukunceda ekusebenzeni isenzo esisebenzayo. Mhlawumbi olu lwazi lunokukhuthaza abazali kunye nabantwana babo, kubakhuthaze ukuba banyuse umsebenzi wokwenza izinto kwaye banciphise ukuziphatha okudlulileyo, njengokubukela umdlalo we-TV kunye nevidiyo.
Olu lwazi lunokunceda ukwandisa ukukhuselwa kwesifo sikashukela kubantwana.
Ucwaningo lwexesha elizayo luya kuxhamla ngokuvavanya ukuziphatha kokutya ngokubambisana nokusetyenziswa kwexesha leskrini njengoko le nto inokudlala indima ekwandiseni umngcipheko wesifo sikashukela.
Ziyini izikhokelo zexesha lesikrini?
I-American Academy ye-Pediatrics ikhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwemimiselo yexesha leendaba elidibeneyo. Ukubambisana kubalulekile njengoko kunokukunceda ukuphuhlisa iindlela kunye nokudala iirimim elula ukuyilandela. Bacetyisa ukuba abantwana abaneminyaka engama-2 ubudala kufuneka banciphise ixesha leskrini ukuba bangabi ngaphezu kweyure ngosuku, kwaye, xa kunokwenzeka, bakhuthaza abazali ukuba bajonge okanye badlale kunye nabantwana.
Oku kunceda ukuququzelela ukufunda nokukhuthaza umsebenzi obandakanyekayo.
Ukongezelela, i-AAP iyakhubaza ukusetyenziswa kwexesha lesikrini kubantwana abaneminyaka engaphantsi kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala, nangona kunjalo, bacebisa ukuba abo bazali abafuna ukuzisa i-media kubantwana phakathi kweminyaka eyi-18-24, ukusebenzisa i-high quality program izicelo kunye nabo kungekhona. Ukufumana ii-apps ezifanelekileyo ubudala, batusa ukuphanda nge-Media Sense Media.
Ukongeza, bancoma ukuba babe neendawo ezingenanto zesikrini-indawo kwindawo apho kukho naziphi na izixhobo ze-tech ezingavumelekanga. Umzekelo, amagumbi okulala angaba yindawo engqongileyo-indawo apho umntwana wakho akakwazi ukubukela ithelevishini, ukudlala imidlalo yevidiyo okanye ukusebenzisa ifowuni efanelekileyo.
Isikrini esingamahhala-ixesha ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kweesikrini akuvumelekanga, njengokuba ixesha lokutya kunye nangaphambi kokulala-kukhuthazwa. Ixesha lokufika kwikamva libuye lusetyenziswe inkqubo, ingakumbi kubantwana abadala. Umzekelo, xa iwashi lihlaselwa nge-9 ntambama, iifowuni ziyacinywa, zinikezelwe kubazali, zize zihlulwe kude kube ngumhla olandelayo.
Ukwenza ixesha elincinci lokusebenzisa iteknoloji livelisa ixesha elingakumbi lokwenza umsebenzi ongaphezulu kunye nokudlala. Ukuba unomdla wokubuyisela ukusetyenziswa kweendaba zeentsapho zakho, unokufumana izikhokelo malunga nendlela yokwenza isicwangciso seendaba sekhaya apha: ISicwangciso soLuntu lweMidiya.
Sinokunciphisa njani Ubungozi bohlobo lweSibini lweSwekile kubantwana?
Ngokutsho kwamaziko okuLawula izifo, phakathi kwe-2008-2009, bekukho abantu abayi-5,089 abafumene i-type 2 yesifo sikashukela abaneminyaka engama-20 ubudala okanye abatsha. Kubonakala ukuba iqela elincinci lokubeka ingozi kubantwana abaneminyaka engama-10 ukuya ku-19, kunye namazinga aphezulu kumaqela amancinci ase-US, ngokuchasene nabamhlophe abangamaSpeyin.
Isifo esisodwa somngcipheko wesifo sikashukela sabantwana sibonakala sisinyanyiso. Ubunzima bomzimba obuninzi bungavimbela i-insulin ekwenzeni umsebenzi wayo, oko kukuthatha ushukela egazini ukuya kwiiseli zokusebenzisa amandla. Ngenxa yoko, ushukela okanye i-glucose iqokelela kwigazi. Xa iishukela zegazi zingaphaya kwemida eqhelekileyo, i-diagnostic diabetes yenziwa . Ungesabi, oku akuyona into eyenzeka nje ngobusuku. Oku kungathatha iminyaka ukuphuhlisa.
Ukuba umntwana wakho unomngcipheko ophezulu woluhlobo lwe-2 lwesifo sikashukela-unembali yentsapho, i-African American, i-Alaska, isi-American Indian, i-Asian American, i-Hispanic / Latino, okanye i-Pacific Islander yaseMerika, ikhuluphele, kwaye ingenzi ukwenza utshintsho lwezinto zokuphila uncedise ukuthintela okanye ukulibaziseka ekuhlaleni isifo sikashukela ebuntwaneni kwaye kamva ebomini.
Yenza iinguqu ezilula zokutya
Ngokuxhomekeka apho umntwana wakho ekhompyutheni lokukhula, banokuzuza ngokulahlekelwa ubuncinane besisindo okanye ukugcina ubunzima babo ukuze bakwazi ukukhula kuwo. Ukuba awuqinisekanga ngesimo somzimba somntwana wakho, qhagamshelana nodokotela wakho wezilwanyana ukuphuhlisa isicwangciso senzo. Unokucetyiswa ukuba udibane nesondlo sokutya esibhalisiweyo ukukunceda wenze isicwangciso esilungeleyo sokondla.
Ukutya okunciphisa umzimba kunye nokuzivocavoca ngokweqile akuyimfuneko, kwaye kungaba yingozi kwimpilo yengane yakho nophuhliso. Kunoko, yenza isicwangciso sokutya esifanelekileyo esineziqhamo ezininzi, izityalo, iiflethi kunye neprotheni ephilileyo (inkukhu, intlanzi, i-turkey, inyama yezilwanyana ezincinci, i-fat fat-fat, i-fat fat fat) okanye iindlela zobisi ). Esi sicwangciso kufuneka sinciphise ukutya okukhethiweyo okufana ne-chips kunye nekiki, izityalo ezihlanjululwe njenge-pasta ezimhlophe kunye nesonka esimhlophe, ukutya okuthosiweyo-njengenkukhu yeenkukhu kunye ne-french fries-kunye namafutha amaninzi anjengeenja ezishushu, iimbambo kunye ne-bacon.
Enye yeendlela ezilula kunye neyona ndlela efanelekileyo yokunceda abantwana bafikelele kwisisindo esinempilo kukukhuthaza ukusela kuphela iziphuzo ezingenasiphelo-zama ukukrazula indlu yeziselo ezinxubile ezifana ne-soda, ijusi, iziphuzo zamandla kunye neziphuzo zekhofi. Ezi ntlobo zokusela zifaka iikhalori ezingaphezulu kunye noshukela kwaye zinokubangela ukunyusa ubunzima kunye nokwanda kwishukela yegazi.
Indlela ephakamileyo yokuseka isicwangciso sokutya esinesidlo esinempilo kukufundisa abantwana bakho malunga nokuhamba , okuNcinci, kunye no-Whoa . Oku kukutya okumele kudliwe lonke ixesha, ngaphantsi kaninzi, kwaye njengendlela yokunyanga. Nantsi itafile ekulu ukubonisa le ngcamango: Hamba, Slow, and Whoa.
Ezinye iindawo zokutya ezilungileyo ezijoliswe kubantwana nakwiintsapho zibandakanya: I-Kids Eat Right, i-Super Kids Nutrition, kunye ne-ChopChop: Umagazini oConcobileyo.
Ukwandisa umsebenzi wePhysical
Ukongeza kwiplani yokutya okunempilo, abantwana kufuneka basebenze ngokwaneleyo baze bafumane ukulala ngokwaneleyo (ezi ziingcebiso zokulala zabantwana nezingane). Ngokutsho kweZiko loLawulo lweZifo, abantwana kufuneka bafumane ubuncinci bemizuzu engama-60 yomsebenzi wemihla ngemihla. Lo msebenzi wendalo kufuneka uquke umsebenzo wokusebenzisa i-aerobic, uqeqesho lwama-muscle, kunye nokuqiniswa kwamathambo. Ukukhangela iindlela zokwenza oku kwenziwe? Khangela Masisuke, iphulo elikhokelwa ngu-former Lady Lady Michelle Obama.
Ukuba umntwana wakho akayi kusebenza ngokukhawuleza kwaye kukunika ixesha elinzima malunga nokubandakanyeka kwimisebenzi yomzimba, zama ukubenza kube mnandi kubo. Mema abangani ngaphezu kokudlala intambo yokuqaqa, ibhola yebhoksikidi, umdlalo weklasi endala wethegi, udibana kwidama okanye ipaki, okanye kwiintsuku apho ungeke ufike ngaphandle, zama umdlalo wevidiyo osebenzayo njengo Wii Fit Plus , iboniswe ukunceda ukunciphisa ushukela wegazi.
ILizwi
Nangona uhlobo lwe-2 lwesifo sikashukela ebuntwaneni luninzi ngaphezu kwexesha elidlulileyo, iindaba ezilungileyo kukuba kukho ukutshintshwa kwendlela yokuphila enganciphisa umngcipheko. Ukunciphisa ixesha leskrini kunokuya kwesinye isisombululo. Yenza ingongoma yokubeka imida yexesha leendaba elidibeneyo kwaye ucinge ukwenza isicwangciso seendaba zentsapho. Ukwenza utshintsho oluthile olulula, ukuyeka ukusela iziphuzo, kunye nokwanda kwemifuno kunye neziqhamo zokutya kunokuvelisa impembelelo enkulu. Ekugqibeleni, ukukhuthaza umzimba kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukongeza kwidlaliso yamahhala, cwangcisa umsebenzi owenziwe ngomzimba kunye nabantwana bakho kunye nosapho. Hamba ukuhamba emva kokutya, udlale ujikelezo lwe-golf-mini, ugibele iibhasikidi, uhambe ngokunyuka, uthathe inxaxheba ekubambeni, okanye udibanise umculo kwaye ube nomdlalo wokudanisa kuma-pajamas wakho-khumbula ukuba yonke into ibalwayo. Awuyi kuzuza kuphela impilo yakho, uya kudibana.
> Imithombo:
> I-American Academy yePediatrics. Isalathisi sokubambisana esineenkcukacha ezinokubambezeleka kokuthetha kwabantwana abancinci. https://www.healthychildren.org/English/news/Pages/Handheld-Screen-Time-Linked-with-Speech-Delays-in-Young-Children.aspx
> I-American Academy yePediatrics. Isikhathi esingaphezulu kweskrini kunye nomsebenzi omncinci ungathetha uxinzelelo. https://www.aap.org/en-us/about-the-aap/aap-press-room/Pages/More-Screen-Time-and-Less-Activity-Can-mean-More-Distress.aspx
> I-American Academy yePediatrics. Xa sihlala khona: ixesha leskrini. https://healthychildren.org/English/family-life/Media/Pages/Where-We-Stand-TV-Viewing-Time.aspx
> Amaziko okuLawula izifo. I-National Diabetes Report Report, 2014. https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/pubs/statsreport14/national-diabetes-report-web.pdf
> Nightingale CM, uRudnicka AR, uDonin AS , et al. Ixesha lesikrini lidibaniswa ne-addiction and resistance to insulin kubantwana. IiNqoloba zeZifo ebantwini Ukupapashwa ngokutsha Kuqala ngomhla we-13 Matshi 2017. Ithenda: 10.1136 / archdischild-2016-312016