Uvavanyo lwe-A1C (olwaziwa nangokuthi i-HbA1C, i-hemoglobin A1c, i-hemoglobin ene-glycated okanye i-hemoglobin ye-glycosylated). Nangona ukuqaphela kweso sikolo se-glucose kusenza ishukela legazi lomntu ngexesha elithile, amazinga e-A1C abonisa izinga eliphakathi kwegazi le-glucose kwiinyanga ezidlulileyo ukuya kweyesithathu.
Ingaba isebenza kanjani?
Ungakwazi ukufumana uvavanyo lwe-A1C ngokukrazula kwegazi rhoqo.
Iiofisi ezininzi zoogqirha nazo zinomatshini wokuvavanya i-A1C kwaye ziyakwazi ukufumana umphumo kunye nokulahla okuncinci kwegazi okufunyenwe ekubanjeni umnwe nge-lancet. Awudingi ukuzila ukutya ukufumana uvavanyo lwe-A1C olwenza kube lula ngakumbi kwaye kunokwenzeka ukuba kwenziwe.
I-Hemoglobin A, iprotheni efunyenwe ngaphakathi kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi, ithwala i-oksijini kuwo wonke umzimba. Xa kukho i-glucose egazini, iyakunamathela (glycate) kwi-hemoglobin Iprotheni. I-glucose engakumbi egazini kuthetha ukuba i-glucose engaphezulu iyanamathela kwi-hemoglobin kunye neepesenti eziphezulu zeeprotheni ze-hemoglobin ziyahlanjululwa.
Xa i-glucose inamathela kwiprotheni ye-hemoglobin , ihlala ihlala kwi-hemoglobin Iprotheni-imihla engama-120. Ngoko ke, nangaliphi na umzuzu, i-glucose efakwe kwi-hemoglobin Iprotheni ibonisa izinga leshukela legazi kwiinyanga ezimbini zokugqibela ukuya kwiinyanga ezintathu zokugqibela.
Uvavanyo lwe-A1C luyilinganisa ukuba i- glucose iyanamathela kangakanani kwi-hemoglobin A, okanye ngakumbi, yiyiphi iipesenti ze-hemoglobin protini.
Ngaloo ndlela, ukuba neepesenti ezingama-7 i-A1C kuthetha ukuba iipesenti ezi-7 zeeprotheni ze-hemoglobin zihlanjululwa.
Ukuqonda i-A1C Num
Ngomntu onesifo sikashukela, iqela le-A1C eliqhelekileyo lingama-5 ekhulwini. Umda we-A1C uthathwa njengama-5.7-6.4 ekhulwini (oku kubhekwa njenge-prediabetes). Kumntu onesifo sikashukela, iingcali azivumelani nantoni na ekujoliswe kuyo kwi-A1C.
Umbutho we-American Diabetes Association (ADA) uncoma i-A1C iinjongo ezingaphantsi okanye ezilinganayo nama-7 ekhulwini. I-American Association ye-Clinical Endocrinologists icebisa inqanaba lama-6.5 ekhulwini okanye ngaphantsi.
I-ADA igxininisa ukuba iinjongo ze-A1C kufuneka zibe ngabanye. Abo abanesifo sikashukela kufuneka bahlole ngophando lwezempilo ukuze bafunde ukuba iinjongo zabo ze-A1C mazibe ziphi. Umzekelo, kulabo bantu baye banciphisa ixesha lokuphila, isifo sikashukela esinexesha elide kunye nobunzima bokufikelela kwisigxina esingaphantsi, i-hypoglycemia enkulu, okanye iingxaki zesifo sikashukela eziphambili ezifana neengxaki zentsholongwane ezingapheliyo, iingxaki zesibindi, okanye isifo se-cardiovascular.
Nangona kunjalo, kubantu abaninzi, i-A1C engaphantsi ilungele ixesha elide njengoko bengenako ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza kweeshukela zegazi. Enyanisweni, iiNational Institutes of Health (NIH) zithi, ngokubanzi, nganye ipesenteji ziwela kwiziphumo zokuhlolwa kwegazi le-A1C (umz., Ukususela kwi-8% ukuya kwi-7 ekhulwini) kunciphisa umngcipheko wesifo, iinjongo kunye nesifo somnyo ngama-40 ekhulwini .
I-A1C ukuya kwi-EAG Imilinganiselo ye-Glucose Levels
Qaphela ukuba i-A1C ayifani nelinye i-glucose yesilinganiso esilinganiselweyo (eAG), ephakathi kweenyanga ezimbini ukuya kwezi-ezintathu kwi-mg / dL, kodwa i-A1C ihambelana ngqo ne-EAG.
Xa uvavanya iishukela zegazi lakho imihla ngemihla, iinombolo ozibonayo kwinqanaba lakho zilinganiswa mg mg / dL. Bakhombisa umzuzwana ngexesha kwaye abafani ne-EAG yakho.
Ipesenti ye-A1c ingaguqulelwa kwishukela eliqhelekileyo legazi. Ngokomzekelo, i-blood average yeglucose ye-150 mg / dL (i-milligram nge-deciliter) iguqulela kwi-A1C malunga nama-7 ekhulwini. Oku kungaphezu kwesigqirha, xa kunikwa ukuba ukuxilongwa kwesifo sikashukela kudlalwa xa amazinga eeshukela egazi afinyelela malunga ne-126 mg / dL.
A1c ukuya kwi-EAG Ishadi lokuguqula
| HbA1c okanye A1c | eAG | |
| % | mg / dl | mmol / l |
| 6 | 126 | 7.0 |
| 6.5 | 140 | 7.8 |
| 7 | 154 | 8.6 |
| 7.5 | 169 | 9.4 |
| 8 | 183 | 10.1 |
| 8.5 | 197 | 10.9 |
| 9 | 212 | 11.8 |
| 9.5 | 226 | 12.6 |
| 10 | 240 | 13.4 |
Umlinganiselo osetyenziswayo ngu: 28.7 X A1C - 46.7 = eAG.
Uvavanyo lwe-A1C luyimfuneko kaninzi?
Umbutho we-American Diabetes Association uncoma ukuba bonke abantu abangaphezu kwe-45 (abangabonakaliyo) bahlolwe ngesifo sikashukela. Oku kunokuthetha ukuba bafumana uvavanyo lwe-A1C rhoqo emva kweminyaka emithathu. Ukuba ngakolunye uhlangothi, umntu unentsapho eqinileyo yesifo sikashukela okanye ezinye izinto ezinobungozi obuphezulu ezinokuthi zinconywe ukuba zihlolwe ngokukhawuleza. Ukongezelela, ukuba umntu unempawu kwaye ufumana-ukwanda ukoma, ukunyuka kwindlala, ukwanda kwamanzi okanye ukukhathala, uvavanyo lwe-A1C lunokusetyenziswa njengethuluzi lokuxilonga.
Abantu abanesifo sikashukela kufuneka bafumane i-A1C yabo iinyanga zonke ezintathu; Ukuba iishukela zegazi zizinzileyo kumanqanaba aqhelekileyo, ngokuphindwe kabini ngonyaka kunokwaneleyo. Abanikezeli bonyango kufuneka baxelele izigulane oko kulungile kubo kwaye bancede bakwazi ukubeka esweni ukuphathwa kwabo ngesifo sikashukela ngokulula. Uvavanyo olungaphezulu rhoqo lwe-A1C lunokucetyiswa ukuba umntu utshintshe isicwangciso sakhe socwangco.
Uvavanyo lwe-A1C lisetyenziselwa ukuchonga i-Diabetes ne-Prediabetes
Uvavanyo lwe-A1C lunokusetyenziswa ekuhloleni i-diabetes kunye ne- prediabetes . Kwezinye iimeko, uvavanyo lwe-A1C lunokusetyenziswa njengolu vavanyo lwesibini ukuqinisekisa ukuba umntu usemngciphekweni okanye unesifo sikashukela okanye i-prediabetes. Umzekelo, ukuba uneshukela egazini legazi eliphakamileyo okanye ngaphezulu kwe-126 mg / dL kwaye umboneleli wakho wezempilo unomdla wesifo sikashukela, unokuyalela uvavanyo lwe-A1C ukuqinisekisa. Ngokutsho kweSizwe seZiko lezeMpilo, xa uvavanyo lwe-A1C lisetyenziselwa u-soley ukuxilongwa, isampuli yegazi kufuneka ithunyelwe kwi-laboratory esebenzisa indlela eqinisekisiweyo ye-NGSP yokuhlalutya ukuqinisekisa ukuba iziphumo zichanekileyo.
Uchanekileyo njani uvavanyo lwe-A1C?
I-National Institute of Health ithi, "Umphumo we-A1C wokuvavanya unokufikelela kwi-0.5 ekhulwini phezulu okanye ngaphantsi kweyona pesenti." Oku kuthetha ukuba i-A1C ilinganiselwa kuma-7.0 ekhulwini ingabonakalisa i-A1C yangempela naphi kwi-6,5 ukuya kwi-7.5 ekhulwini. Ababoneleli bezempilo banokutyelela i-www.ngsp.org ukuze bafumane ulwazi malunga nokuchaneka kovavanyo lwe-A1C olwenziwa yi-laboratory. "
Kodwa, kubalulekile ukugcina engqondweni ukuba zonke iintlobo zeemvavanyo zegazi ziphantsi kokuhlukahluka.
Ukulinganiselwa kovavanyo
Nangona i-A1C imilinganiselo efanelekileyo yokulawula i-glucose jikelele, ayikwazi ukufaka indawo yokuhlola i-blood glucose. Njengeminye imvavanyo, iziphumo ziyahlukahluka kwibhulebhu kwibhuyibhile. Uvavanyo lwe-A1C alunamathelwano olufanayo yonke indawo, nangona umzamo wamazwe ngamazwe uyaqhubeka ukulinganisa uvavanyo lwe-A1C kwi-International Federation of Chemistry Clinic kunye ne-Laboratory Medicine standard.
Kwaye kukho ezinye iimeko xa uvavanyo lwe-A1C alukho uvavanyo olufanelekileyo lokusetyenziswa. Ngokomzekelo, ezinye iimeko zezempilo zingakhokelela kwiziphumo eziphezulu ze-A1C okanye iziphumo ze-A1C ezingamanga.
Iziphumo ezingamanga A1C zivela kubantu abanezinye iingxaki ezichaphazela igazi labo okanye i-hemoglobin. Ngokomzekelo, umphumo we-A1C ongaphantsi ungabonakala kubantu abane-anemia, njenge-anemia ye-sickle cell okanye i-thalassemia okanye abo banokukhupha okukhulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umphumo we-A1C ophakanyisiweyo ungabonakala kubantu abanobuncinci bensimbi, umzekelo, abo abane-anemia ye-iron.
Ezinye izizathu zeempembelelo ze-A1C ziquka
- ukuphelelwa kweengtso
- isifo sesibindi
Ukuba uyazibuza ukuba ngaba uvavanyo lwe-A1C lungalungile yini, unokufumana ulwazi olungakumbi kwi-National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Programme. Banikezela ngolwazi ngababoneleli ngeenkonzo zezempilo malunga neemvavanyo ze-A1C ezifanelekileyo zokusebenzisa iinguqu ezithile ze-hemoglobin kwi-www.ngsp.org.
ILizwi
Uvavanyo lwe-A1C ngumlinganiselo oqhelekileyo oqhelekileyo osetyenziselwa ukuchonga ishukela egazini legazi lomntu phezu kweenyanga ezimbini ukuya kweyesithathu. Uvavanyo lwe-A1C lisetyenziswe njengethuluzi lokubaluleka kulabo abanesifo sikashukela, kunye nesithuluzi sokuhlola kunye nesifo sokuxilonga ekunqumeni ingozi yesifo sikashukela kunye nokuxilongwa. Awukhawulezi ukuba ufumane uvavanyo lwe-A1C kwaye kuxhomekeke kwisibonelelo sakho segqirha unokukwazi ukufumana i-A1C yakho eyenziwe ngeziphumo zangempela kwixesha lakhe. Ukongezelela, ezinye iinguqu, ezifana nempilo yakho yonke, ubudala, kunye neyeshukela zegazi, kuya kunceda ukunyanzelisa ulwahlulo olwamkelekileyo lwe-A1C kunye nendlela omele uhlolwe ngayo rhoqo. Ngamanye amaxesha uvavanyo lwe-A1C aluyi kuba ngumlinganiselo ofanelekileyo weshukela wegazi, ingakumbi ukuba unomntu onomlando we-anleia yesaleni yesifo okanye isifo sezintso eziphambili. Ukuba unemibuzo malunga ne-A1C yakho, cela iqela lakho lonakekelo lwempilo.
Imithombo:
> Isizwe seSizwe soSifo sikashukela kunye neeNtsholongwane zeNtsholongwane. Uvavanyo lwe-A1c kunye neswekile.
> I- American Diabetes Association. Uvavanyo lweA1C.
> Umbutho waseMelika weKliniki yeKhemistry .. A1C: Uvavanyo. .
> Inkqubo yeNational Glycohemoglobin Standardization Programme. IFCC Ukumiswa kwe-HbA1c. http://www.ngsp.org/