Sebenzisa le miifanekiso ukuchonga i-Frostbite

by URod Brouhard, EMT-P; Uhlolwe nguRichard N. Fogoros, MD

Igalari yeFrostbite Imifanekiso esuka kwiNcinci ukuya kwiNkulu

I-Frostbite yonakalisa izicubu zomzimba ngendlela efana nokutshisa. Enyanisweni, ukulimala kwamaqabunga kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kwingozi kunokujonga ngendlela efanayo, kwaye i-frostbite ingabelana ngendlela efanayo.

Izimpawu zeFrostbite

I-Frostbite iyakwenzeka ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, ezibonakala ngokucacileyo kwimifanekiso eyahlukileyo. Enoba ukunyuka kweNtaba i-Everest okanye ukugwenxa ukulimala kungekude kakhulu, isithwathwa sinokulimala okungenzeka ukushiya uphawu lwalo ngonaphakade.

Ukunyangwa kwamaFrostbite

Awukwazi ukuphatha kakuhle i-frostbite ngaphandle kokuba uyayiqonda. Ngethemba, le mizobo izokunika ingcamango yokuba i-frostbite ibonakala njani.

Ubuso beFrostbitten

Uhambo lokuzingela lukhokelela kwi-Frostbite kwiintlanzi Ubuso obunobunzima obuphuma kwi-snowmobile. Japeofapes

"Yayiyiveki yesithathu kaJanuwari kwaye ndagqiba ekubeni ndizingele," umfundi uJapeofapes ubhala. "Sasifuna i-caribou kunye ne-windshield yam ye-snowmobile yiprofayili ephantsi kakhulu."

U-Japeofapes uthi yena kunye nomlingane wakhe bayeka itiye. Xa iqabane lakhe libona ubuso bukaJapeofape, wathi, "Mntu! Ubuso bakho bunqabileyo!"

Ndiyavuma ngokuqinisekileyo "Ndoda!" Oku kubonakala ngathi kubuhlungu.

U-Japeofapes uthi "wayeyityebile ngekhephu ngoko andiyi kuva intlungu eninzi kamva kwaye yasebenza." Andiqinisekanga ukuba ndiyamthanda "ukunqumla" inqabileyo ngekhephu. Ukubeka ikhephu kwesikhumba esiqhenqileyo kunye nezicubu ze-muscle kunokwenzeka ukuba uqhubeke nenkqubo yokuqhwa. Nantsi indlela yokuphatha kakuhle i-frostbite .

I-Japeofapes ayithethi ukuba ubuso bakhe bunjani okanye akazange aphilise. Uthi iminwe yakhe yahlushwa yintyatyambo. Uthi uvakalelwa kukuba unqabile kwaye unxiba eminwe yakhe kwaye uxela ngokuthi "akayithandi" ngekhephu.

I-Big Toe Frostbite Blister

Ukuhamba Iimitha ezili-9 kwi-Folding Cold Wearing Only Sandals Causes Blister Frostbite onobuhlungu kwi-toe phansi kwithambo. UTimoti J. Kosier

UTimoti J. Kosier uthi unamathele ngasekhaya lakhe ngaphandle kweWestcliffe, eColorado, kwaye wayefanele ahambe ngeekhilomitha ezili-9 egqoke iisokisi, izicathulo, iiglavu ezikhanyayo kunye neengubo. Uthi akazange abone ukulahlekelwa kwintlungu kunye nokuvuvukala kwiminwe yakhe kunye neenzwane kude kube ngumhla olandelayo-ngokukodwa i-blister kwizinzwane zakhe ezinkulu.

"Ndandimangalisiwe ngenxa yokuba kwakukho kuma-20s aphezulu," uTimoti uthi esithombeni sakhe sokungabonakali, "kungabi kubanda kakhulu.

Kwinkwenkwe yaseCalifornia njengaye, amaqondo okushisa kuma-20s angaphezulu avakala kakuhle. Ndicinga ukuba zonke izihlobo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuba ucinga ukuba kubanda okanye akunjalo, kungaphantsi kweqhwa kunye noTimoti bahamba ngeekhilomitha ezili-9 ngale ndlela ngaphandle kokukhuselwa ngokwaneleyo. Kwakunzima ukufunda, kodwa wenza.

UTimothy uyaxwayisa esithi: "Ungalokothi uhluleke ukulungelelanisa, ukuba akukho mfuneko yokuba ibe ngaphantsi kwe-30 ukuze ufumane isithwathwa.

I-White Frostbite kwi-Fingertips

I-White, i-Wax Skin iyisimboli seengozi ye-Frostbite. (c) uDan Darley

I-Frostbite yingozi yokubanda kwesikhumba. Ngokwenene, isithwathwa sakhiwa ngama-tissue kunye nama-fluids. I-Frostbite yonakalisa isikhumba esifana neendlela ezitshisa ngayo. Izimpawu ze-Frostbite zingafana nokutshisa; i-frostbite ibangela ukubola, ukuvuvukala kunye nokufa kwezicubu ( necrosis ).

Uninzi lweencwadi zezifundo zichaza i-frostbite njengemhlophe kunye ne-oxy. Akunjalo njalo, kodwa lo mfanekiso ubonisa indlela i-frostbite ikhangele ngayo. UDan Darley undixelele le ntlanzi yaboniswa emva komhla kwi-backcountry. Ikhasi lakhe lesithombe leflickr uthi wayese-Yellowknife, NT, eKhanada ukulungiselela uhambo ukuya eNyakatho yePole. Kwi-imeyile, uDan uxela indlela afunyenwe ngayo isithwathwa kunye nendlela awagcina ngayo ukuba angabi nakakhulu:

"Ndibe nomonakalo ohambweni lokubuyela ekhaya - kwenzeka kusasa kwaye njengoko sasisendleleni, andizange ndiwathabathe iiglavu zam kude kube ngukuhlwa-ngako ke akenzanga nantoni na ethile yokufudumala iminwe. enye intsuku ngaphambi kokuba sibuyele kwi-motel kodwa ndazigcina ndifudumala ngelixa ke, abazange babi kakhulu, nangona ndandingakhathazeki. "

Enye yezona zinto zibaluleke kakhulu uDan akazange azenzele inqabileyo xa wayesesehlane. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ungaphathi i-frostbite de kubekho ithuba lokuba lingavumi. Ngaphezulu izicubu ziqhwala, ziphawula kwaye ziphinda zifakwe, ngakumbi umonakalo uhamba rhoqo.

UDan waqhwabalaza wayebhetele kangcono ngenyanga ngaphandle kwonyango, kodwa uthi kuthatha iiveki ezimbalwa ukuziva uphiliswe ngokupheleleyo.

I-Frostbite Emva kweeveki ezimbini

I-White, i-Wax Skin iphendulela abamnyama njengokuba umgca ophezulu uvela. (c) uDan Darley

UDan Darley wabelana ngalesi sithombe seminwe yakhe enqabileyo emva kweveki ezimbini emva kokuba ziqhenqele. Ikhasi lakhe lesithombe leflickr uthi wayese-Yellowknife, NT, eKhanada ukulungiselela uhambo ukuya eNyakatho yePole.

Eli qabunga laqala ukukhangela elimhlophe kunye nelomhlophe, okuyiyo inkcazo yeklasiki ye-frostbite kwiincwadi ezininzi zezifundo. Emva kweveki ezi-2, ukulimala kwajika kumnyama kwaye isikhumba sasibukeka, sifana nendlela yokuphilisa eqala ukucima.

I-Frostbite Emva kweeveki ezine

I-Skin Raw Skin entsha ithatha indawo yeTueue Frostbitten. (c) uDan Darley

UDan Darley wabelana nalo mfanekiso weminwe yakhe enqabileyo eyathatha iiveki ezi-4 emva kokuba ziqhenqele. Ikhasi lakhe lesithombe leflickr uthi wayese-Yellowknife, NT, eKhanada ukulungiselela uhambo ukuya eNyakatho yePole.

Emva kokuba izicubu zesikhumba ezonakalisiweyo ziwa, intsha, isikhumba esikhulayo siyayifaka. Kule meko, uDan uthi iminwe enqabileyo ibonakala ingcono ngenyanga, kodwa kuthatha iiveki eziliqela ukulimala ukuba uzive ukhululekile.

I-Frostbite yingozi yokubanda kwesikhumba. I-Frostbite yonakalisa isikhumba esifana neendlela ezitshisa ngayo. Izimpawu ze-Frostbite zingafana nokutshisa; i-frostbite ibangela ukubola, ukuvuvukala kunye nokufa kwezicubu ( necrosis ).

Frostbite kwiiNtswana

Iindawo ezixhomekeke kwiNtliziyo Ininzi kakhulu ukuba ufumane i-Frostbite eneenqwanqwana zomlusi waseTshayina emva kwesibhakabhaka esinamandla ngasenyakatho-ntshona yeChina ngo-2006. Iintsholongwane ngexesha leqhwithi lalingaphantsi kwama-degrees angaphantsi kwe-zero. Ifoto yi-China Photos / Getty Izithombe

Umzimba unjengemoto yemoto. Sitshisa i-fuel (iswekile) exutywe ne-oksijini ukwenza amandla. Kwaye sifana nomoto-sitshisa.

Umzimba wakho ushushu kakhulu kwindawo yayo, kufuphi nentliziyo. Enye yeenzuzo entliziyweni yakho ukuxosha igazi ngeenxa zonke ukuhambisa intshutshiso kulo lonke umzimba wakho.

Njengoko unokucinga, igazi elingaphezulu livela entliziyweni ipholile. Yingakho izandla zakho, iinzwane kunye neempumlo zihlala zibonakala zibandayo-azingekho njengamanzi atshisayo njengawe.

Xa imvelo iyabanda kakhulu, njenge-blizzard enyakatho-ntshona yeChina ngo-2006 ehla ukuya kuma-degrees angaphantsi kwe-zero, yilezo ndawo ezikude entliziyweni ezinzima kakhulu. I-Frostbite ixhaphake kakhulu xa igazi lingapheli ngokukhawuleza okanye lishushu.

Ngezilumkiso ezifanelekileyo, unako ukuphepha ukuxhomekeka kwe-hypothermia kunye ne-frostbite. Ukunyusa i-frostbite yinkqubo ebucayi kwaye kufuneka ihlolwe ngaphandle kwesibhedlele ukuba akukho nanye ikhoyo inokufumaneka.

I-Black Frostbite kwi-Fingertips

Umonakalo ongunaphakade kwi-Frostbite eNew Zealand ekhulayo kunye ne-double-amputee uMark Inglis wabandezeleka emlonyeni wakhe ngelixa ephakama iNtaba yase-Everest ngo-2006. Ifoto nguSandra Mu / Getty Izithombe

Kwiimeko ezinzima zeqabunga, ulusu kunye nezicubu ezinzulu ziyakwazi ukuhlambalaza kwaye zibomvu okanye zimnyama xa zifa. Ukuziva, ukunyakaza nokuhamba kwegazi zilahlekile. Ukuba izicubu zingagqithwanga, i-gangrene ingasasazeka kwaye ikhule ibe yintsholongwane.

I-Frostbite inokuthi ivele kwimizuzu embalwa kwiimeko ezibi kakhulu, njengamaqondo ashushu aphantsi kwe-Mount Everest. Kwindawo enjalo ekude akukho phantse ukukhangela izicubu ezinqabileyo phambi kokuba umonakalo osisigxina senziwe.

Ekubeni i-frostbite iyingozi kakhulu kwiindawo apho ukuphuma kwegazi kuphephe-njengamanwe athile-akukho negazi elininzi elifudumeleyo lokunqanda izicubu ezinqambileyo ekuphepheni izicubu ezikulo. Yileyo ndlela inqabileyo isasazeka ngayo. Ukufumana izicubu kwiimeko ezibandayo yindlela ephela yokumisa ukusabalala kweqabunga.

Frostbite kwi-Pack Pack

Ukunyamekela Xa Ufuna Ukulimala Ukungabi Nokwenza I-Frostbite Frostbite kwi-ankle emva kokunyanga ngepakethi ye-ice engasetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo ngqo kwesikhumba. (c) uMelanie Martinez

Ukusebenzisa i-ice (inxalenye yonyango lokuqala lwe- RICE unyango) kunokunciphisa ukuvuvukala emva kokuba umntu enesiphosisi okanye ukunyunyuzwa kakubi, kodwa ukusebenzisa i-ice ngokungalunganga kungakhokelela kwintlambo.

Kubalulekile ukuba ungayifaki ngokucacileyo kwinqaba okanye ungashiyi iqhwa ixesha elide. Kukho amanyathelo amaninzi okubhalwa kweqabunga kwiipakethe zeqhwa .

I-Frostbite Enamandla kwiminwe

Blister Fresh Ubonisa Frostbite Early. (c) iWinky evela kwi-flickr

Iqabunga lokuqala linokuthi lingacatshulwa ngokutsha. Umonakalo wesikhumba wenza ukuba kufutshane ukuvuvukala kunye ne-blisters ekuqaleni. Enyanisweni, njengoko iphilisa, i-frostbite ingabangela ukuba ulusu luqhekeke kwaye lufake njengefuthe.

Qaphela ubomvu nokuvuvukala kwiminwe yowesifazane. Amagqabi akhe abonisa umonakalo omkhulu, okokuba amajoyina anesisipha esincinci kunye nezinye izicubu zethambo. (Igazi eligeleza nge-muscle lisiza ukuba lihlale lifudumele.) Iminwe kakade ayinayo ukuphuma kwegazi ngenxa yokuba ibude neyona ntliziyo, kodwa ijikeleze amajoyina, ukuhamba kwegazi kukuncinci.

Nangona i-blisters kwii-knuckles zicacile, kunokwenzeka ukubona ukuba iminwe yakhe ivuvule njani ngokujonga iindandatho zakhe. Umngqo uqinile kakhulu, obonisa ukuba umnwe mkhulu kakhulu kunesiqhelo.

Le meko yeqabunga yayinzima. Ingxelo yaloo nto ibhinqa ilahlekelwe yiminye yeminwe yakhe kule nzakala. Lo mzekelo omhle wobukeka obushushu beqabunga.

> Umthombo:

> Handford C, Thomas O, Imray CHE. Frostbite. Emerg Med Clin North Am. Ngo-2017 ngoMeyi; 35 (2): 281-299. i-doi: 10.1016 / j.emc.2016.12.006. Uhlolo.