Ukuxhatshazwa komlinganiselo yindlela echanekileyo ngayo i-oksijeni kunye necarbon dioxide (ichithwa) phakathi kwemiphunga kunye negazi.
I-oksijeni kunye ne-carbon dioxide zombini kufuneka zidlule kumgca omncinci kwimiphunga ebizwa ngokuthi i-alveolar-capillary membrane. Olu luhlu phakathi kweengxowa zomoya ezincinci kumphunga (i- alveoli ) kunye nemithambo encinci yegazi ehamba emiphakeni (i- capillaries ).
I-oksijeni enokukhatyathwa ingaphumelela njani (isasazeka) ukusuka kwi-alveoli ibe yigazi, kwaye i-carbon dioxide ingadlula njani kwii-capillari zegazi ibe yi-alveoli kwaye ikhutshwe, kuxhomekeke kwindlela okulukhuni ngayo le membrane, kwaye ubuninzi bomhlaba ziyafumaneka ukuba udluliselwe.
Kuthetha ukuthini ukuxhathisa amandla okungafani?
Kukho iindlela ezimbini ezihlukeneyo ezahlukanayo namandla ezinokuthi zinciphise.
- Ukuxhatshazwa kwamandla kunokuba kuphantsi ukuba isifo sesifo sepompho sikhona esenza ukuba umlenze ube mkhulu, umzekelo, kwizifo ezifana ne- pulmonary fibrosis kunye ne- sarcoidosis .
- Ukuxhatshazwa kwamandla kwinto enokuba yinto ephantsi xa kukho indawo engaphantsi kwendawo ekhoyo yokudluliselwa kwe-oxygen kunye ne-carbon dioxide, umzekelo, kunye ne- emphysema okanye ukuba imiphunga okanye inxalenye yemiphunga isuswe ngumhlaza wemiphunga .
Ulwahlula njani amandla okuvavanywa?
Ukuvavanywa kwamandla okusabalalisa ngokuqhelekileyo kwenziwa kunye nezinye iimvavanyo zomsebenzi wamapulmoni .
Kule vavanyo, i-mask ifakwa phezu kobuso bakho. Ngexesha lokuvavanya, uya kuthatha umoya ophefumlelweyo wegesi, ubambe umoya wakho, kwaye ke umoya oya kuwukhupha uya kulinganiswa.
Igesi ophefumulayo kuyo iqukethe i-carbon monoxide kwakunye negesi ye-tracer njenge-helium. Qaphela, ukuba ezi zihanjiswe ngexabiso elincinci kwaye oku akuyilingo oluyingozi.
Xa i-gas exhaled exhaled, oogqirha banokugqiba ukuba ingakanani i-carbon dioxide kunye ne-helium isasazwa kuyo yonke i-alveoli kwi-capillaries, ngokuchonga umahluko phakathi kokubhaliweyo kunye nokugqithisileyo.
Olu vavanyo lubizwa ngokuba yi-DLCO-emele idibeneyo kwimiphunga ye-carbon monoxide.
Iingxaki zokunqongophala okuNcinci
Kukho imimiselo emininzi enokubangela ukuba amandla ahlukeneyo aphantsi. Izifo zomngcipheko ezinqandekileyo ezifana ne-pulmonary fibrosis zivame ukunciphisa amandla okusabalalisa (DLCO) ngenxa yokutshatyalaliswa kunye nokuqiniswa kommandla phakathi kwe-alveoli kunye ne-capillaries.
Ngokwahlukileyo, izifo eziphazamisayo zomphunga ezifana ne-emphysema zinganciphisa i-DLCO ngokunciphisa indawo engena kuyo igesi. Unokufunda okungakumbi malunga nezifo eziphazamisayo nezikhuselweyo apha .
Imiqathango engahambelani ngqo nomsebenzi wamaphaphu nayo ingakhokelela ekuhlahleni kommandla okhoyo phakathi kwe-alveoli kunye ne-capillaries. Ngokomzekelo, i-clot yegazi kwi-emitha emaphaphini (i- pulmonary embolism ) inokubangela ukuba i-carbon monoxide ingeniswe kwi-alveoli engakwazi ukutshintshwa kuma-capillari apho i-artery inikezela.
Izifo ezibangelwa ukwehla kweDLCO ziquka:
Izifo zomngcipheko ezithintekayo ezibangele ukwanda komlenze we-alveolar-capillary membrane
- Pulmonary fibrosis
- Sarcoidosis
Izifo eziphefumlelweyo zezifo kunye nezifo ezibangela indawo engaphantsi komhlaba kwimiphunga
- Emphysema
- Isifuba
- Umhlaza wemiphunga
- Utyando lwemiba
Ezinye iimeko eziye zinciphisa ummandla we-alveoli-capillary membrane
- Ukugqithiswa kwepulmonary
- Ukunyuka kwamathambo
- Isondlo soxinzelelo lwepmonta
Iimbangela zokuxhatshazwa kwamandla
Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-DLCO isenokuthi ibe phezulu. Oku kungenzeka nge-asthma, i- polycythemia vera (isifo esinomgangatho ophakamileyo we-hemoglobin), kunye nezifo ezizalwe ngumzimba ezenza ukuba igazi likhutshwe ukusuka kwicala lasekhohlo lentliziyo ukuya kwicala lasekunene lentliziyo.
Izizathu zokwenza uvavanyo lokuLawulwa kweLung
Kukho izizathu eziphambili zokuba kutheni ugqirha wakho angalawule ukuhlolwa kwemiphunga. Ezi ziquka:
- Ukuxilonga - Oogqirha bangasebenzisa i-DLCO ukuxilonga iimeko zonyango ezifana ne-emphysema,
- Ukubeka iliso kwonyango - Ukuxhatshazwa kwamandla kunokwakubekwa iliso ukuchonga ukuba imeko iqhubekile, okanye ukuba iphuculwe ngonyango.
- Ukuphambathiswa kwangaphambili - Ngomdlavuza wamaphaphu , ukuxhatshazwa komzimba luvavanyo olubalulekileyo kubantu abaqwalasela ukuhlinzwa komhlaza wamaphaphu ngenxa yokuba unokunceda oogqirha ukuba baqaphele (kunye nezinye izinto) ukuba umntu uya kunyamekela njani ukuhlinzwa.
> Imithombo:
> ISiko leSizwe lezeMpilo. Medline Plus. Uvavanyo lokuLawulwa kweLung. Updated 11/19/15. https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003854.htm
> McCormack, M. Ukwahlula amandla kwi-carbon monoxide. Isemgangathweno. Ukuhlaziywa 02/10/16. http://www.uptodate.com/contents/diffusing-capacity-for-carbon-monoxide