Ukuthathwa Kwentlungu Yobunzima Nokubonakalayo
Intlungu ye-nociceptive yintetho yeentlungu ezifunyenwe yizondlo ezikhethekileyo ezibizwa ngokuthi i- nociceptors . Ezi zinzwa zifumaneka kuzo zonke izicubu ezithambileyo kunye nezitho zangaphakathi. Baye babandakanyeka bobabini kwiintlungu ezibuhlungu ngenxa yobunzima besisu kunye nentlungu engapheliyo. Intlungu ye-nociceptive ihluke kwiintlungu ze- neuropathic , ezibangelwa ngumonakalo wemisipha.
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zeentlungu zesantya : iintlungu zesifo kunye nentlungu .
Intlungu yoSomatic ivela kumalungu, amathambo, izihlunu kunye nezinye iifomthambile, ngelixa iintlungu zentlungu zivela kwizitho zangaphakathi. Nangona zifunyanwe ngeendlela ezifanayo, intlungu yesifo kunye neentlungu ezibuhlungu aziveki zifanayo.
Bobabini ubuhlungu be-somatic kunye nentlungu ye-visceral ziyafunyanwa ngendlela efanayo. I-Nociceptors, okanye intlungu-ukubona iimbilini, thumela impembelelo kwisiza esibuhlungu ngokugqithisela ngentambo yomgogodla kunye nengqondo ekuchazeni nasekuphenduleni.
Indlela abaSebenzi beeNgcaciso basebenza ngayo
I-Nociceptors yindlela esiva ngayo intlungu . Ezi zinzwa ziphethwe ngokugqithiseleyo izigulane ezibangelwa umlilo ngokutshintshwa kweekhemikhali emzimbeni. I-nociceptors ifumanisa ukushisa, uxinzelelo, nokwelula kwimizi ejikelezileyo. Zifumaneka kuwo wonke umzimba elukhumbeni, ezithombeni zangaphakathi, izilwanyana, imisipha kunye neeton.
Imililo ye-Nociceptors xa umonakalo ufunyanwa, ukuthumela iimpawu zentlungu kwindawo yomgogodla kunye nengqondo. Iintlungu zentlungu zingena kumgca we-spinal kwiingcambu ze-ganglia kwaye zithumela umqondiso kwi-synapse kwiphondo lokwehla.
Iifayili ziwela ngaphesheya kwaye ziqhube iikholomu ezizenzekelayo kwi-thalamus kunye ne-cortex ye-cerebral.
Izicubu ezonakalisiweyo zikhulula izinto ezingenza ukuba i-nociceptors kwiiscupu zivelele ngakumbi. Xa iimeko ezibuhlungu ziqhubeka, ukuvuselela okuphindaphindiweyo kunokunceda i-neurons kwaye kuthatha ukuvuselela okungaphantsi kubangela intlungu.
Umqondiso wesifo unokuthi usebenze kwiindawo ezininzi zokunciphisa, ukwandisa, ukwanda, okanye ukunciphisa intlungu yesifo. Amakhemikhali adibeneyo afaka i-endorphins kunye ne-monoamines ezifana ne-serotonin kunye ne-norepinephrin.
Xa umonakalo uphulukisiwe, ama-nociceptors kufuneka ayeke ukudubula. Ngamanye amaxesha nangemva kokuba umonakalo wokuqala uphilile, i-nociceptors ingaqhubeka ishisa, okungakhokelela ekubuhlungu okungapheliyo . Imizekelo yeentlungu ezingapheliyo zentlungu zibandakanya intloko , i- arthritis , i- fibromyalgia , kunye nentlungu ye-pelvic ayibangelwa yingozi yomonakalo.
Ubuhlungu beSomatic
Intlungu yoSomatic ifunyanwe ngentsholongwane ephakathi kwesikhumba, izicubu ezincinci, imisipha kunye namalungu. Inokuthi ibe yindawo ephakathi kwaye ibe nokuba intlungu ebukhali, ukugqithwa okubuhlungu, okanye ukuvutha komlilo. Kungenzeka ngenxa yengozi embi okanye inkqubo engapheliyo. Intlungu evezwe kwinqununu, ukutyumla, okanye isifo samathambo yintlungu. Ngokuphindaphindiweyo, intlungu ye-somatic ineqela elivuthayo kwaye lingaphathwa nge- NSAID .
Ubunzima bokujonga
Intlungu ebonakalayo ifunyenwe ngabaphathi be-nociceptors kwizitho zangaphakathi zomzimba. Izisongelo ezivakalayo kwizitho zangaphakathi azifani njengoko zisemzimbeni kunye nasesikhumba. Oku kunokukwenza intlungu ye-visceral iyancipha kwaye inzima ukuyifumana. Ngokungafani nobuhlungu be-somatic, intlungu ye-visceral inokuthi ibonakale ingakumbi kude nomvelaphi wayo.
> Umthombo:
> Markman J. Ubunzima bobuhlungu. I-Merck Manual Professional Professional Version. http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/neurologic-disorders/pain/overview-of-pain.