Utyando olutshintsho lwe-Knee luyinkqubo eqhelekileyo eyenziwa kwizigulane ezingama-500 000 ngonyaka eMelika. Nangona ininzi yezigulane zingenayo ingxaki emva kokuhlinzwa, zikhona iingozi zokuguqula idolo ezibangele inkxalabo kwanoma ubani ocinga ukuba nale nkqubo. Enye yezona nkxalabo ezinxulumene nokuguqula amadolo yintsholongwane.
Usulelo emva kokuhlinzwa okudlulileyo kwamadolo. Kwiminyaka yokuqala yesi-2 emva kokuhlinzwa, ithuba lokuhlawula isifo luqikelelwa kwi-1.5%. Emva kweminyaka emi-2, ithuba lokusuleleka lihla ukuya malunga ne-0.5%. Nangona la manani adlula kakhulu, awanalo, kwaye abantu abanomdla wokuguqula idolo bayazi zonke izinto abanokuzenza ukuze banqande le nkxalabo enzima.
Kutheni Kuthathwe Izifo Zosuleleko Zomzimba?
Ukutshintshwa kwe-Knee kunokutshatyalaliswa ngenxa yenkqubo yokuqala yokuhlinzwa, ezinye izifo emzimbeni, okanye rhoqo ngezizathu ezingaziwa. Siyazi ukuba ezinye izigulane zilungele ukuvelisa izifo zokuguqula idolo. Izingozi zokuphuhlisa isifo ziquka:
- Sikashukela
- Ukungondleki
- Ukutshaya
- Ukunyanya
- Ukusetyenziswa kweSteroid
- Utywala
- Irheumatoid arthritis
Ukuthintela izifo ezithintela uKnee Replacement Infections
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekuguqeni ngamadolo kukuthintela ukusuleleka kokungenakwenzeka kuzo zonke.
Eminye yemingcipheko yokuphuhlisa intsholongwane ilawulwa ngendlela eya kunceda ekunciphiseni impembelelo yale miba. Umzekelo, iinzame zokuphucula isondlo, ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwecuba, nokuyeka unyango olungenza izigulane zinokuthi zithathe isifo sukuba zenzeke ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa ngokuguqulwa kwamadolo.
Kulo gumbi lokusebenza, iinzame zenziwa ukunqanda isikhumba kunye nendawo yokucoca kunye nokunciphisa abantu abangena ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwegumbi. Iimitha zokubulala iintsholongwane kufuneka zinikezwe ngeyure eli-1 ukususela ekuqaleni kokuhlinzwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe umngcipheko ophantsi kakhulu wokusuleleka.
Unyango lweZifo zoTshintsho lweKnee
Izifo ezithathelwanayo zokutshintsha i-knee zihlala zihlukaniswe kwiindidi zokusulela ukusuleleka emva kokusuleleka. Ukusuleleka kwangoko kuvela kwiiveki okanye kwiinyanga zokuhlinzwa kwaye zivame ukuphathwa ngophengululo ukucoca intsholongwane, kulandelwa unyango lwe-antibiotic olujoliswe kubaktheriya abathile obangela ukusuleleka . Iinkqubo ezininzi zokuphanda ziyimfuneko, kwaye ii-antibiotics zidla ngokuqhubekayo ubuncinane kwiiveki ezingama-6.
Izifo ezithatha ixesha elide kunzima ukunyanga kwaye zihlala zikhona iiveki, iinyanga, okanye kwiminyaka ngaphambi kokuba kuhlolwe isifo. Izimpembelelo zokuguqula amadolo zingakhutshwa xa usuleleko lukhona ixesha elide . Kule meko, izimpembelelo zihlala zifuneka zisuswe kwaye unyango luphathwe. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukutshintshwa kwamadolo okusulelekileyo kususwe, usulelo luya kuthathwa ubuncinane kwiiveki ezingama-6 kunye namayeza okubulala, kwaye emva kokuba usulele unyango, ukutshintshwa kwegama elitsha kwenziwa.
Le yinto ebizwa ngokuba yi-2-stage yokuhlaziywa kwamadolo ngokutshintsha ngenxa yokuba kuqhutywe otyando olwahlukeneyo, omnye ukususa indawo yokuguqula idolo, kunye nomnye ukufaka endaweni entsha. Kwezinye iimeko, ukuhlaziywa kwesigaba esisodwa, apho ukutshintshwa kwamagciwane okusulelekileyo kususwe kwaye enye entsha ifakwe ngexesha lokuhlinzwa okufanayo. Nangona kunjalo, isilumkiso kufuneka sisetyenziswe, njengokungathi isifo asiyitholakali ngokwaneleyo, kwaye utyando olongezelelweyo luya kuba luyimfuneko.
Impumelelo yonyango
Impumelelo yonyango yokutshatyalaliswa kwamadolo ngokutshintsha kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi. Izifo ezithe zafunyanwa ngethuba lokuqala zithatha ukuhamba ngcono kunezifo ezisezantsi.
Usulelo lwebhaktheriya ezivelele kwii-antibiotics ezininzi ziphathwa ngokulula nje kunokusuleleka. Ngokubanzi, impumelelo yonyango ibubanzi be-70 ukuya kwi-90%. Ezinye izigulane zinokufuna iindlela ezininzi zokuhlinzwa, kwaye kwiimeko ezingavumelekanga, ezinye izigulane ziqhubeka zihlala ngonaphakade kwiyeza zonyango ezibizwa ngokuba yiyonyango engapheliyo. Kule meko, kubonakala ukuba ukuba usulelo alukwazi ukunyanga okanye unyango luya kuba lufuna kakhulu isigulane, kwaye injongo iya kubalawula isifo ngaphandle kokuphilisa.
Xa ususulelekile unyango, kwaye izigulane zineendlela eziqhelekileyo zokuguqula idolo, zinokuqalisa kwakhona yonke imisebenzi yazo eqhelekileyo. Nangona unyango lwentsholongwane lokuguqulwa kwamadolo lude kwaye lufuna, oogqirha bamazinyo bavuma ukuba ngokufanelekileyo, unyango oluninzi unogqirha lunokuphinda luqhubeke nokuphila kwabo okuqhelekileyo. Ngelishwa, nangona phantsi kweemeko ezintle, usulelo lwangaphantsi lukhokelela ekulahlekelweni komsebenzi wokuguqulwa kwamadolo, nokuba ngaba usulelo lupheliswa kwi-joint joint.
Imithombo:
UGarvin KL noKonigsberg BS. "Ukuxhatshazwa ngokulandela i-Knee Arthroplasty: Ukuthintela nokuLawula" I-Bone Joint Surg. 2011; 93 (12): 1167-1175