I-rheumatoid arthritis isifo esingapheliyo, esizimele . Uhlobo oluvuthayo lwe-arthritis oluchaphazela amalunga . Esi sifo sinokuba nemiphumo yesistim, esichaphazela ezinye izitho zomzimba.
Iimpawu zesifo se-rheumatoid arthritis ziquka intlungu edibeneyo, ukuqina okuhlangeneyo, ukuvutha okuhlangeneyo kunye nokukhubazeka okuhlangeneyo. I-Fever, i-malaise, ukukhathala okukhulu, kunye nokunyamezela kwamaxesha okuhlala ngaphezu kweyure enye nayo impawu eziqhelekileyo ezinxulumene ne-rheumatoid arthritis.
Phantse iipesenti ezingama-80 zezigulane ze-rheumatoid izigulane zivavanya ukuba zenzeke kwi- rheumatoid factor (ifunyenwe ukuhlolwa kwegazi). Phantse iipesenti ezingama-20 zezigulane ze-rheumatoid arthritis zichazwa ngokuba "nesifo se-rheumatoid arthritis" ngenxa yokuba ayinayo i-rheumatoid factor.
Nge-arthritis ye-rheumatoid, kukho imodeli ehambelanayo yamalungu angathintekiyo. Ngokomzekelo, amabini omabili wesigulane ahlala echaphazelekayo kunokuba athathe elinye idolo.
I-Knee Joint
I-rheumatoid arthritis, ukuvuvukala kwimbumba ye synovial kubangela ukuvuvukala, intlungu, ubomvu, ukufudumala , nokuqina kobambiswano oluchaphazelekayo. I- synovium iqala ukukhupha kunye nokwenzela iiseli zikhupha i-enzymes ezigaya amathambo kunye ne-cartilage. Umonakalo ohlangeneyo kunye nokukhubazeka ngokubambisana kunokubangela ukuba kubekho ukuhamba okufutshane kunye nokunciphisa umsebenzi wokudibanisa.
I-Hip Joint
Naliphi na iqhagamshelo elinokuchaphazeleka ngophethwe ngumzimba we-rheumatoid arthritis. Izifo ezinyantyazi zinganciphisa ukuhamba kweendidi ezininzi. Xa amanxeba okunyamezela achaphazelekayo, afana neentambo, amadolo kunye namaqhosha, ukuhamba kunokuchaphazeleka kakhulu.
Ukuguguleka kokuhlangeneyo, okubonakalayo kwi-ray-ray, kunokuba nzima kwaye kunqande. Njengoko umdibaniselwano uphahla kwaye i-cartilage yonakaliswe, ithambo-kwisithambo linokuba ngumphumo wokuba luhlungu. Umonakalo omkhulu kwi-cartilage, i-tendon, i-ligaments kunye nethambo kunokubangela ukuba amajoyina ahlale engaqinisekanga kwaye aze aphethwe njengama-rheumatoid arthritis.
Izandla
I-rheumatoid arthritis iqala ngokuqhelekileyo kwiincinci ezincinci zeminwe, izandla kunye nezibonda. I-rheumatoid arthritis inokubangela ukukhubazeka kwesandla, iingxaki ezidibeneyo kunye nomonakalo weminwe, isithupha, isandla, kunye nesandla kubandakanya:
- iigununu zamathambo
- ukuvuvuka
- ukuqina okuhlangeneyo
- ukugqithisa kwe- ulnar / ukuphoka kwezilonda
- i mvu melwano
- ukudibanisa kwesandla
Izifo eziSistim
I-rheumatoid arthritis ayithinti kuphela amajoyina. I-rheumatoid arthritis yisifo sesistim esingachaphazela ezinye izitho zomzimba ezibandakanya ulusu, imiphunga, intliziyo, iingxaki, kunye neentso ezinqabile.
I-rheumatoid arthritis ixhaphake kakhulu kubasetyhini kunamadoda. Ngokuthakazelisayo, isifo se-rheumatoid isifo samaphaphu sisenzeka ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwindoda enesifo se-rheumatoid factor, ibe neengqungquthela ezingaphantsi, kunye nekhosi yexesha elide.
Izigulane ze-rheumatoid arthritis nazo zinomngcipheko ophezulu we-coronary disease yesifo kunabantu abasemaphandleni.
Knee Replacement
Umonakalo ohlangeneyo kunye nokukhubazeka kungalungiswa ngugqirha lokuguqulwa kwamadolo , olunokunciphisa ubuhlungu nokubuyisela umsebenzi. Iingxenye ze-articular ezonakalisiweyo ze-femur, tibia, kunye ne-kneecap ziyahlanjululwa kwaye ziyavuswa. Inxalenye yesibini yeprothesis (ngokuqhelekileyo isinyithi) ifakwa.
Ukutshintshwa kwe-Hip
Ukuhlinzwa ngokutsha kwe-Hip kunokunciphisa ubuhlungu, ukubuyisela umsebenzi, kunye nokulungelelanisa okufanayo kunye nokukhubazeka. Ingqungquthela ibhola (intloko yesetyhini) kunye ne-socket (acetabulum). Ingqungquthela ye-hip prothesti iqukethe i-acetabular kunye ne-shaft shaft ezifakelwa ngokugqithiseleyo ukuba zitshintshe iindawo ezinobungozi.
Ukutshintshwa okuhlangeneyo kubakho kwamanye amajoyina, afana nesigxina, isandla, kunye neenyawo. I-knee kunye ne-hip replacements iyenziwa ngokuqhelekileyo. Ngokutsho kwamaziko e-National Arthritis kunye neMisculoskeletal kunye Nezifo Zezikhumba, malunga nama-435,000 aseMelika ane-hip okanye idolo elandelwayo ngonyaka.
Imithombo:
Iziko leZifo. Irheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Foundation.
http://www.arthritis.org/conditions/diseasecenter/RA/ra_symptoms.asp
Irheumatoid arthritis. Ikholeji yaseMerika yaseRheumatology.
http://www.rheumatology.org/public/factsheets/ra_new.asp?aud=pat
Izihloko zezeMpilo. Ukuguqulwa okuhlangeneyo kunye nowe. NIAMS.
http://www.niams.nih.gov/hi/topics/arthritis/jointrep.htm
Anaya, JM. Ukubandakanyeka kwepulmonary kwi-rheumatoid arthritis. Iimviwo kwi-Arthritis neRheumatism 24 (4) Feb 1995 242-54.
http://dx.doi.org/doi10.1016/S0049-0172(95)80034-4