Ngelixa abantwana basengozini enkulu yokutheleleka indlebe phakathi (i- otitis media ), abantu abadala banokuzifumana. Ukukhutshwa kwebhubhiso ye- eustachian yinto eqhelekileyo, ekhokelela kwi-bacteria okanye intsholongwane ye-virus ngaphakathi kwindlebe. Oku kungenziwa ngenxa yezinto ze-anatomic ezibangelwa zizikhuhlane, ukugula, kunye nezinye izifo zokuphefumula.
Izizathu eziqhelekileyo
Isizathu esona siqhelekileyo se-otitis media siyi- tube ye-eustachian .
I-tube ye-eustachian yindlela esuka kumpumlo wakho nasemqaleni ukuya kwindlebe yakho ephakathi, eyona nxalenye yendlebe yakho engasemva kwe-eardrum. I-tube yakho ye-eustachian ilawula uxinzelelo lwemoya phakathi kwendlebe kunye nokukhupha izikhuselo kuyo. Ukuba ithebhu ye-eustachian ivaliwe, i-fluid okanye i-bacteria igxininwe ngaphakathi kwindlebe kwaye ibangele isifo.
I-tube yase-Eustachian isifo esiyinto eqhelekileyo kubantwana kuba le ndinyana iyingcipheko kwaye ayinayo into eyenziwa ngabantu abadala, ngoko ke ayinakudla. Kweminye, umsebenzi we-tubal ohluphekayo unokuqhubeka unomntu omdala kwaye yimbangela ebalulekileyo ye-ear ear infection kubantu abadala.
I-Adenoids, esecaleni kwempumlo kufuphi nevulo lwe-tubes eustachian, inokubamba iibhubhu ukuba zikhube okanye zivuke. Oku kungaphezulu kwengxaki kubantwana kuba i-adenoids yabo inkulu.
Bobabini iibhaktheriya kunye neentsholongwane zingenza ukusuleleka kwindlebe kwanjengomva phakathi kwendlebe.
Iibhaktheriya eziqhelekileyo ezibandakanyekayo zi- Streptococcus pneumoniae kunye neHaemophilus influenzae, ezineentsholongwane eziqhelekileyo ezifunekayo kwi- Streptococcus pyogenes kunye ne- Staphylococcus aureus . Iintsholongwane zibandakanya iintsholongwane ezibandayo (i- rhinoviruses ), intsholongwane yokuphefumula (RSV), igciwane lesifo sengculazi kunye ne- enteroviruses .
Ukugonywa kwabantwana abasemgangathweni kukhusela abanye bala majelo kwaye bancedise ukuthintela izifo.
Izinto ezinobungozi eziqhelekileyo
Iziganeko zobungozi ezikhutshwe nge-eustachian tubes kunye nezifo zentloko phakathi ziquka:
- Ubudala: Iintsana kunye nabantwana abaselula abaneminyaka engama-6 kunye neminyaka emi-2 basengozini enkulu yokuthethelela indlebe. Oku kungenxa ye-anatomy ye-tube ye-eustachian kunye nenkqubo yokuba amasosha omzimba asakhulayo.
- Izifo ezithintekayo zokuphefumula : Abantwana basengozini yokubanda amakhaza ngenxa yokuba amajoni abo omzimba ayenayo i-viruses (kwaye, ngoko, ayilangale ikhuseli kubo). Oku kuthethi, le nto yingozi yenzalo yabantu abadala.
- I-rhinitis ye-allergen : I-hay fever yonyaka, ukunyuka kwezilwanyana kwiimeko ezithile, okanye i-allergies ezingapheliyo kunokukhokelela ekukhuseleni indlebe kubantwana kunye nabantu abadala. Amagciwane ayabangela ukwanda kwemfihlo, kwaye izixhobo ezivuthayo zikhutshwe ziyakucasula kwaye ziwonakalise umbane weendlebe. Ukulawula i-allergies kunokuncedisa ukunciphisa umngcipheko. Nangona kunjalo, i-antihistamines kunye ne-decongestants ayifumanekanga inzuzo ekukhuseleni i-otitis media kubantwana.
- Ukuxhatshazwa kwe-tube eustachian okanye i-craniofacial
- Isifo se- Mucosal ezindlebeni, impumlo, okanye umqala, njenge-sinusitis
- Izakhiwo eziphakanyisiweyo ezindlebeni zakho, impumlo, okanye umphimbo njenge- adenoids , i- turbinates , okanye i-polyp nasps
- I-immune system
- Imbali yentsapho yokufumana izifo zentloko
Izinto zokuPhila kweengozi
Kukho ezinye izinto ezinobungozi ongakwazi ukuziguqula, kwaye ezi ziphakamiso zinokukunceda wenze njalo.
Ukuphepha ukufumana ubanda kunye nezinye izifo zokuphefumula eziphambili kukubalulekileyo ekunciphiseni umngcipheko wokutheleleka indlebe. Geza izandla zakho rhoqo kwaye ufundise abantwana bakho ukuba bagubungele ukukhwehlela kwaye bathabathele ukuphepha ukusabalalisa iintsholongwane. Kubantwana abaneentsholongwane zendlebe eziphindaphindiweyo, unokufuna ukucutha ukunciphisa ixesha abachithayo kwiinkqubo zokunakekela abantwana, ukuba kunokwenzeka.
Cinga ngamanyathelo athile okujongana noomngcipheko wokusuleleka kwindlebe ephakathi kokulawula kwakho:
Iintsana Nezingane
- Ukuba ukhetha ukuncelisa, cinga ukwenza njalo ubuncinane kwiinyanga ezintandathu ukwenzela ukuba umntwana wakho azuze kwii-antibodies ebisi lwakho lwebele.
- Gcina umntwana wakho kwindawo egciniweyo xa ukutya kwebhotile. Musa ukuvelisa ibhotile ngelixa umntwana wakho elele phantsi.
- Ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-pacifier xa umntwana wakho uneminyaka engama-6 ubudala, njengoko ezinye iifundo zifumene oku kwandisa umngcipheko wee-infections.
- Gwema ukutyhila iintsana kunye nabantwana emsizeni wokubhema; iyanciphisa umsebenzi wee-tubes eustachian kwaye yandisa ingozi yokusulela indlebe.
- Fumana isitofu sokugonywa kwe-Prevnar 13, ekhusela ukusulelwa kwindlebe ngama-subtypes angama-13 e- Streptococcus bactter , kunye nefuthe lomkhuhlane wonyaka.
- Shiya nayiphi na inkunkuma ye-earwax kwinqanaba labantwana. I-swabs yeekoton kunye nezinye izinto zinokuvala kunye nokucasula indlebe, ukukhokelela ekusulelekeni.
Abadala
- Yeka ukutshaya kwaye ugweme umsi weshayi wesibini.
- Thatha i- decongestant xa ushushu okanye ungena kwi-airplane ukuze izibilini zakho ze-eustachian zincinci kwaye ziyakwazi ukunciphisa utshintsho lwengcinezelo yomoya ngexesha lokuphakama nokuhla.
- Gwema ukuzama ukucoca i- earwax yakho usebenzisa i-cotton swabs okanye ezinye izinto.
Njengokusuleleka kwezifo ezininzi, ukungatholi unyango lwentsholongwane yindlebe ephakathi kungabangela iingxaki, kuquka ukulahlekelwa kwindlebe kunoma yiliphi iqela leminyaka kunye nokulibaziseka kwintetho nokuphuhliswa kolwimi kubantwana. Kukho umngcipheko wokusuleleka kwintsholongwane yamattoid kunye nezinye iifom. Ukunyamekela ugqirha kunye nokulandela iingcebiso zonyango kunokukunceda ukuphepha ezi ngxaki.
> Imithombo:
> Bonney A, i-Goldman R. Antihistamines yabantwana abane-Otitis Media. Ugqirha wezeKhaya waseKhanada 2014; 60 (1): 43-46.
> Lieberthal A, uCarroll A, i-Chonmaitree T, et al. Ukuxilongwa noLawulo lwe-Acute Otitis Media. Pediatrics 2013; 131 (3): e964-99.
> Limb CJ, uLustig LR, iKlein JO. I-Acute Otitis Media kwiBantu abadala. Isemgangathweno. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/acute-otitis-media-in-adults.
> MacArthur CJ, uWilmot B, u-Wang L, u-Schuller M, u-Lighthall J, i-Trune D. I-Genetic Susceptibility kwi-Otitis Media ne-Effusion engapheliyo: I-Candidate Gene SNPs. ILaryngoscope . 2014; 124 (5): 1229-1235. i-doi: 10.1002 / lary.24349.
> Salah M, Abdel-Aziz M, Al-Farok A, Jebrini A. Ixesha eliqhelekileyo i-Otitis Media kwiintsana: Uhlalutyo lwezinto ezijongene nobungozi. I-International Journal ka-Otorhinolaryngology . 2013; 77 (10): 1665-1669. i-doi: 10.1016 / j.ijporl.2013.07.022.