Ukugonya kwegciwane lesifo sentsholongwane iqulethe igciwane elibuthathaka, eliphilayo elenzelwe ukukunceda umzimba wakho ube nempendulo yomzimba ngaphandle kokuba uvelise iimpawu zesifo esenzelwe ukukhusela. Intsholongwane ifundisa isistim somzimba wakho sokuzivikela sisifo esinjengayo kwaye ivumela umzimba ukuba uhlakulele iimpendulo zomzimba. Izigulane ezininzi zolu hlobo zivumela ukukhuselwa komzimba wokuphila ngokukhula kunye neyodwa yezidinga ezimbini ezifunekayo.
Ngenxa yokuba ezi zitofu ziqulethe inani elincinci legciwane eliphilayo elibuthathaka, akufanele linikezwe izigulane ezinezifo ezikhuseleyo zokuzikhusela, ezifana nezigulane kwi-dose ephezulu ye-dose, ezenza unyango lwe-chemotherapy, okanye ukuba zinezifo ezithile ezifana ne-HIV. Abafazi abakhulelweyo akufanele bafumane iintsholongwane zegciwane eziphilayo.
Nangona ezininzi iintsholongwane ezingenakwenziwa zifuna amayeza amaninzi, iintsholongwane zentsholongwane zihlala zifuna enye okanye ubuncinci bonyango (umz. Wokugonya, okanye imasisi, i-mumps kunye nokugonya kwe-rubella) kwaye unokuhlakulela iimpendulo zomzimba ezilinganayo nokufumana isifo segciwane eliphilayo.
Enye yezantsi kwezi zitofu zifuna i-friji, nto leyo inganciphisa amandla okusebenzisa ezi zinyango kwezinye iindawo. Ukuba ezi zitofu zingagcinwa ngexesha lokushisa elungileyo zingaba zingasebenzi kwaye ugonyo alukwazi ukusebenza. Kwakhona, ezinye iigciwane eziphila ngentsholongwane ziza njengepowder kwaye zidinga ukudibanisa kunye nombane othile ngaphambi kokulawulwa.
Ukudibanisa nohlobo olungafanelekanga lwe-fluid okanye inani elingafanelekanga lokusetyenziswa kwamanzi ngamaphutha angakhokelela ekuqhutyweni kwegciwane lokugonywa.
I-teknoloji entsha ivumela iigciwane zentsholongwane eziphilayo ukuba zenziwe njenge-vector okanye "ihashe le trojan." Kule hlobo lokugonya, igciwane eliphilayo lifaka iqela leDNA emzimbeni.
I-DNA yintoni eyenza ukuphendula kwe-immune, kungekhona intsholongwane.
Intsholongwane yenza ukuba kuvezwe kwaye ivumela i-DNA ukuba idlulise imizimba yakho yokuzivikela komzimba ekuqaleni. Kule meko, intsholongwane ephilayo yihashe le trojan ephethe iDNA emzimbeni.
IiVicus eziKhulayo zeVirus
- I-Intranasal Flu
- Iimfucu, i-Mumps ne-Rubella Vaccin
- I-Rotavirus Vaccine
- I-Varicella Virus Vaccine
Mngcipheko
Ngelixa lincinci, kuhlale kukho umngcipheko ukuba intsholongwane ebuthathaka ingatshintsha kwaye iphele ekubangela izifo kunokuba ikhusele.
Ezinye izitofu zihluke njani
Ukuba ungumzali ke uyazi ukuba zininzi iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokugonya ugqirha wezingane zakho kukucela ukuba unike umntwana wakho. Ezinye zezinye iintlobo zeigonyi zichazwe ngezantsi.
Abangenayo (abangasebenzi) izitofu zenziwa kwiprotheni okanye enye inxalenye yesifo okanye ibhaktheriya. Utshutshiso lomkhuhlane ngumzekelo wesitofu sokugonya. Izitofu ezingenakwenziwa zilula ukuba umboneleli wakho onakekelo lwempilo asebenze. Uninzi alufunanga ifriji, ukuxuba okukhethekileyo okanye iimfuno zokuthumela. Ubomi obude obude bubonisa ukuba banako ukunikezelwa kwiofisi yakho.
Ngomuthi wokugonywa ongagcini, awukho engozini yokuphuhlisa isifo esichengileyo sokukhusela. Enye yeengxaki zentsholongwane eziqhelekileyo kunye nesizathu sokuba abantu banqabe ukugonya umkhuhlane kukuba bafumana umkhuhlane ngokugonywa.
Izigulane ezingenakwenziwa (umz. I-polio kunye ne-pertussis) zihlala zidinga amanani amaninzi ngexesha lokugonywa kokuqala kunye neendlela zokuncedisa ngezihlandlo ngokuqhubekayo ukukhuselwa. Ngamanye amaxesha kunceda ekunciphiseni amazinga okugonya.
Iigciwane ze-Toxoid azivelisi ukukhusela kwisifo sengqondo. Kunoko isitofu sokugonya sine-toxin okanye ikhemikhali eyenziwa yi-bhakteria okanye intsholongwane ekhusela iziphumo eziyingozi zentsholongwane. Ukuvezwa kukufundisa imizimba yakho ye-immune indlela yokulwa ne-toxin ngaphandle kokuba uhlakulele imiphumo emibi ye-exposed exposure.
Iinyunithi zengcinezelo ziqulethe ezinye iinkalo zebhaktheriya okanye intsholongwane eziza kuvuselela iimpendulo zomzimba kodwa zingayi kubakho ukuphuhliswa kwesi sifo.
Izigulane ze-Conjugate azijolisi ngqo kwi-virus yangempela okanye ibhaktheriya, kodwa iigobolondo zangaphandle i-bacteria okanye intsholongwane isebenzise ukuzama ukuzifihla ngokwamandla akho omzimba. Olu hlobo lokugonywa lusetyenziswa ngokukodwa kwiimpawu zokuzivikela ezincinci ezikhulileyo.
Iigciwane ze-Biosynthetic zifana negama lichaza. Inzululwazi yakha into enomntu efana neleyo kwintsholongwane okanye ibhaktheriya ukuba umzimba udala impendulo ye-immunogenic. I-Hib (i-Haemophilus influenzae uhlobo lweB) isitofu sokugonya umquba ngumzekelo.
Izinzuzo zokugonya
Iigonyana ngenye yeendaba eziyimpumelelo yezempilo empilweni yam yobomi. Sibonile umyinge weminyaka yobudala be-meningitis e-United States, intsholongwane yengqondo eyasetyenziswa ukubhubhisa abantwana abaselula, ukusuka kwiintsuku zokuqala ezingama-30 zobomi ukuya kwiminyaka eyi-18.
I-Tetanus, i-diphtheria, i-mumps, imasisi, ukukhwehlela ukukhwehlela, i-meningitis, kunye ne-polio yimizekelo yezifo ezininzi ezazisetyenziswa. Izifo kuphela ezibangelwa zizifo ezibalulekileyo, zingabangela iingxaki zempilo zonyango kunye nokufa. Ngelixa zonke ezi zifo zipheliswe njenge-polio, izitofu ziye zanciphisa kakhulu iziganeko kunye neengxaki ezivela kwezi zifo.
> Imithombo:
> Isizwe seSizwe soButhakathaka kunye nezifo ezithintekayo. Iintlobo zeNtsholongwane
> Umbutho WezeMpilo Wehlabathi. Iigcini ezigulisiweyo zihlala zihlala (LAV).
> CDC. Imibuzo Eyisiseko kunye Eqhelekileyo.