I-Anatomy, Umsebenzi kunye neengxaki ze-Nasal Conchae
Ukuba uye wakuva ukubhekisela kwi "turinates" zakho eziphi na ezi ndawo? Ziyintoni i-anatomy yale nxalenye yempumlo, yintoni umsebenzi wayo, kwaye ziphi iziphazamiso ezinokwenzeka?
I-Turbulates ye-Nasal: Inkcazo
I-Turbinates, ebizwa nangokuthi i-nasal concha okanye i-conchae (ubuninzi), iinqununu zemiqulu yamathambo, iinqanawa kunye nezicubu ngaphakathi kwendlela yokuhamba.
Ezi zakhiwo zinoxanduva lokufudumala, ukuhlambalaza nokucoca umoya esiwuphefumlayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo kukho ama-turbinates amathathu kubandakanya i-turbinates ephezulu (ephezulu), ephakathi, naphantsi. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha unako ukufumana i-turbinate yesine (ebizwa ngokuba yi-turbinate ephezulu) ephezulu kune-turbinate ephezulu.
Phakathi kwe-turbinate nganye yindawo (eyaziwa ngokuba yi-meati), elowo negama elihambelana negama le-turbinate esecaleni ngqo kwithuba. Ezi zithuba ziyifomathi indlela yethu yokuhamba ehambayo ehambisa umoya ophumayo.
Ulwakhiwo (i-Anatomy) ye-Nasal Turbinates (Conchae)
Njengoko kuphawuliwe, i-turbinates yamanzi idilizwe zibe ngamacandelo amathathu, i-conchae ephezulu, ephakathi kunye nephantsi.
I-Meatus ephantsi (i-Conchae ephantsi)
I-meatus engaphantsi yindawo phakathi komgangatho wesigxina kunye ne-turbinate engaphantsi. Eli likhulu kakhulu kwiindawo zomoya. Le ndinyana isebenza ngeenjongo ezininzi:
- I-duct engabhaliweyo (i-tear duct) ikhupha nayiphina imithombo esuka kwamehlo, ukuqala kwiso lwangaphandle kunye nokungena kwi-meatus engaphantsi.
- Intloko yodonga lwamasongo, inyama ephantsi, kunye ne-pseform osseous pireform eyenza i- valve yangasese . I-valve yangasese yindawo encinci kakhulu emgodini kwaye isoloko isithintelo (ukuwa) ngenxa ye-septum engaphambukiyo okanye ezinye izinto ezingaqhelekanga.
Meatus ephakathi
I-meatus yangaphakathi yindlela ehamba ngayo ephakathi kwe-meatus engaphantsi kunye ne-meatus ephakathi. Esi sikhundla sibalulekile:
- Ukucinywa kwezinto ezintathu zeesanasus; i-sinism ye-ethmoid sinus.
- Ukuthuthwa koMoya ngeesinasana zeparanasal ezidala izandi zamagama ethu.
I-Meatus ephezulu (i-Conpper ephezulu)
I-meatus ephakamileyo yindawo yokuma ephakathi kwe-meatus ephakathi kunye nenyama ephezulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo le ndlela iyona ndlela iphezulu kakhulu, kodwa, ngamanye amaxesha kukho i-turbinate ephezulu ngaphezu kwe-turbinate ephezulu. Imisebenzi yale ndinyana iquka:
- Ukutywala kweebini zesonasal sinus: i-sphenoid kunye ne-back (posterior) sinus ethmoid.
- Njenge-meatus ephakathi, ukuhamba komoya kule ndinyana (edibanisa ne-sinus cavities) kunceda ukuguqula iimpawu zethu zezwi.
- Iimbumba ze-Mucus ze-turbinate ephezulu (kunye nenxalenye ephezulu ye-septum yangasese, ehlukanisa amaqabunga asekhohlo kunye namanqanaba afanelekileyo) ahlanganiswe neziphetho zesibindi ezisetyenziselwa ukutolika iphunga. Yingakho ukuphazamiseka kule turbinate kungabangela ukuphazamiseka ngendlela yokunuka (ukunyuka) .
I-conchae ephezulu nephakathi iyingxenye yethambo le-ethmoid, kodwa i-conchae ephantsi isakhiwo esizimeleyo.
Umsebenzi (i-Physiology) yeTurbinates: Umgaqo woMgca we-Nasal
Wonke umntu ukuya kwiiyure ezisixhenxe, ukuhamba kwakho kwendoda kuhamba umjikelezo wokunciphisa (ukuhla) enye i-turbinate ngelixa enye i-turbinate ikhula. Oku kwenza ezinye zeendlela zincinci, zithintele ukukhutshwa komoya, ngelixa zikhulisa enye indlela yokuphucula umoya kunye nokuphucula ukuhamba komoya. Ngethuba lokuguqula umjikelo wamanzi, awuyi kuziva ukhululekile ngenxa yokuba ukunyamezela kwakho ukuhamba ngomoya kungatshintshi.
Injongo yomjikelo wamanzi awuqondi kakuhle kodwa iikhoyori eziqhelekileyo ziquka:
- Iindwendwe ezifudumeleyo (ezincinci) zivumela ukuba izigulane "ziphinde zitsho."
- Kuye kucatshangelwa ukuba iifudu zisuswe.
- Iindlu zengqamaniso (ezandisiweyo) zivumela ukuhlaziywa okuphuculweyo kunye nokuhamba komoya okulula.
Iingxaki zeTurbinate
Iingqungquthela zamanzi zidibene neengxaki ezininzi. Izihlandlo eziqhelekileyo, uphawu oluhambelana nalezi ngxaki ludibanisa. Iingxaki zeTurbinate ziquka:
- Ubushushu obuqhelekileyo: Sonke sijamelene neengxaki zee-turbulates zethu zamanzi xa sithwaxwa yingxube yeqanda eliqhelekileyo .
- Utywala
- I-apnea yokulala: Ukungavumelekanga kwi-turbinates yangasese yenye yezona zinto ezibangela ukugula kwe-apnea .
- I-Concha Bullosa: I- Concha bullosa yimeko yezokwelapha eziqhelekileyo apho kukho i-pocket emoyeni (i-pneumatization) kwindawo ephakathi. Le ngxowa yomoya ingakhokelela kumanzi ongeyaneleyo weesono kunye nezifo ezithathayo.
- I-valve ye-Nasal iyawa: I-valve yamanzi iyona nxalenye encinci ye-airway yangasese kunye ne-conchae ephantsi eyenza inxalenye yesakhiwo. Le ndlela yokuhamba ngomoya ingaba yinkcenkceshe ngakumbi ( i-valve ye-nasal iyawa ) ngenxa yengozi, i- septum yangasese , okanye ngenxa ye-rhinoplasty (uphando lweplastiki kwimpumlo.)
- Iibhubhu zokuphicothwa komphicothi-zincwadi: Ukukhulisa okanye ezinye iingxaki ze-turbinates ngenye yezimbangela ze -tube auditory disys function (ebizwa ngokuba yi-eustachian tube effect).
- I-Atresia ye-Choanal: I-atresia ye-Choanal ikhuselo lweendinyana zamanxiba ngamaxube amaninzi avela ekuzalweni, kwaye inokuchaphazela ukuphuhliswa kwe-turbinates ephantsi nephakathi.
Ukulungiswa kweengxaki zeTurbinate
Izifo ezininzi ze-turbinate zisombulula ngokwazo, kodwa ngezinye iinkqubo unyango lufunekayo ukulungisa ingxaki. Xa iingxaki ze-turbinate zifuna ukulungiswa, ukunciphisa i-turbinate kungenziwa ngexesha lotyando lwe-endoscopic sinus . Le nkqubo ifuna i-anesthesia jikelele kwaye iqhutyelwa ngokusemthethweni kliniki efanayo.
Ngaphantsi kwe-Anatomy ne-Physiology ye-Turbulates yaseNasal kunye nendima yabo kwizifo
Ii-turbine ze-nasal ziquka ezintathu okanye ezine izakhiwo ezikhonza umsebenzi wokufudumala, ukuhlambalaza nokucoca umoya esiwuphefumlayo. Ukungaqhelekanga kwii-turbinates kubangelwa ukudibanisa, njengokuba kwenzeka ngokubandayo kunye nokunyamezela. Utshintsho olusesikweni kwii-turbinates ezifana ne-concha bullosa kunye ne-atansia ye-choanal nayo ingabangela iimpawu. Xa kunzima, utyando (ukunciphisa i-turbinate) kunokuba kuyimfuneko ukunciphisa iimpawu nokubuyisela umsebenzi kule nxalenye ye-anatomy yethu.
> Imithombo:
> Terzi, S., Dursun, E., Celiker, F. et al. Iimiphumo ze-Choanal Atresia ekuphuhlisweni kweSinanasal Sinuses kunye neTurbinates. Ugqirha kunye ne-Radiologic Anatomy . Ngo-2017 ngoMatshi 13. (Epub ngaphambi kokuprinta).
> Turner, J., uLal, D. noJanak. I-American Rhinologic Society. I-Nasal Anatomy. Ukuhlaziywa 01/20/15. http://care.american-rhinologic.org/nasal_anatomy