I- pulmonary embolus ibangelwa xa kukho ukungena kwezinto ezivela ngaphandle kwaye ziphazamise umthambo wepmonta okanye enye yamasebe awo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, izinto ezivela ngaphandle ziyi-clot yegazi ephazamisayo, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha (ngokungafanekiyo) nezinye iimeko ziyakwazi ukuphazamiseka.
Ukugqithiswa kwepulmonary yimeko yesifo esivamile. Ngokuqhelekileyo kuvelisa ukugula okukhulu nokufa kunye neengxelo malunga nokufa kwabantu abayi-100 000 ngonyaka eUnited States kuphela.
Nangona kunjalo, inxulumene nezinto ezinobungozi zokuphila eziphantsi kokulawula kwakho.
Isizathu Esiqhelekileyo
Okona kubaluleke kakhulu isizathu esiqhelekileyo se-pulmonary embolus yintlungu ye-thrombosis . Ukuba i-thrombus (i-clot yegazi) eyenziwe kwisigqubuthelo esikhulu iyakhupha (i-embolizes), ihamba ngecala lasekunene lentliziyo , ize ifake kwi-pulmonary circulation, iya kuba yiphammoni.
I-pulmonary embolus kunye ne-deep vein thrombosis inxulumene ngokubambene kunye, ukuba, ukuba ugqirha ugxininisa okanye uyakrokraza enye yeemeko, uya kukhangela ngokukhawuleza ubungqina bokuba enye imeko ikhona.
Izizathu eziphambili
Ngokuqhelekileyo, iimeko ezingenayo i-thongsis ye-vein thongsis ingenza i-pulmonary embolus engabangela ukugula okanye ukufa. Ezinye iimeko ziquka:
- Ukugquma kwamafutha. I-fat embolism inokuthi iyenzeka ukuba iifutha ezinamafutha zonakaliswe okanye zenzeke, zibangele iiseliti ezinamafutha ukuba zingene kwi-circulation, apho zikwazi ukungena kwi-pulmonary circulation. Isizathu esona siqhelo sobungozi be-fat embrasiyali yintlupheko yamathambo okanye amathambo amade, umongo wakhe unamaxabiso amaninzi.
- Ukufudumala emoyeni. Ukuba umoya ungena kwi-circulation ingafaka umthambo we-pulmonary okanye omnye umzobo. Ukugqama kwamanzi kungabangelwa phantse nayiphi na inkqubo yocwangco, umoya wokungenisa umoya, okanye kwiindawo ezahlukahlukeneyo ezikhuphuka ngokukhawuleza.
- Amniotic embolism yamanzi. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-amniotic fluid inokungena kwi-circulation ngexesha lokubeletha okunzima kwaye ivelise i-pulmonary acolism. Esi siganeko, inqabile kakhulu into engathandekiyo, iyingozi kakhulu ubomi.
- Ukuxhamla. Ukuba umhlaza wesibeleko ungena ukusabalalisa ngamanani amaninzi unako ukukhupha izitya zamapulmoni. Le nkxalabo yomhlaza idlalwa kuphela kubantu abanesifo esiphelene nesigxina.
Izinto zobungozi
Ngenxa yokuba i-pulmonary embolus cishe isiphumo soxinzelelo lwe-vein thrombosis, iziganeko zobungozi kule miqathango mibini zifana ngokufanayo.
Ezi zibandakanya izinto ezinobungozi ezihambelana nokuphila komntu, kuquka:
- Ukungatholi umzimba owaneleyo. Ukuziqhelanisa nokunyamekela kukukhuthaza ukungenwa kwemvelo, okuyiyo eyenza ukuba kwenziwe i-blood clot form in the veins.
- Ukugqithisa. Ukuthatha ubunzima obuninzi kukhuthaza ukuhlamba igazi kwiimvini zepantsi.
- Ukutshaya. Ukubhema kubangela ukuvuvukala emitanjeni yegazi, oku kungakhokelela ekugqibeleni. Enyanisweni, ukutshaya ngumngcipheko onobungozi obunzima bokugawula igazi.
Ukongezelela kule miba engapheliyo, echaphazelekayo yokuphila, kukho ezinye iimeko ezinokunyusa ukwanda komngcipheko we-pulmonary embolus. Ezinye zezo mngcipheko zisesigxina okanye ziimeko zendalo; amanye adala ingozi engapheliyo, engapheliyo yesikhathi eside yokumanyelwa kwamapulmasi:
- Ukuhlinzwa okwakutshanje, ukulaliswa esibhedlele, okanye ukuxhwalaleka okukhokelela ekunciphiseni okude.
- Uhambo olude olukhokelela ekuhlaleni ixesha elide.
- Ixinzelelo olubangela ukuba umonakalo wesihlunu ungakhokelela kumacenge egazi.
- Ukukhulelwa.
- Imithi, ngakumbi iipilisi zokulawula ukuzalwa, i- hormone yonyango , i- testosterone supplement , i- tamoxifen , kunye ne-antidepressants.
- Isifo sesibindi esingapheliyo.
- Izifo zesifo esingapheliyo.
- Izifo zesifo senhliziyo, ngokukodwa ukukhubazeka kwentliziyo .
- Ekubeni sele ine-veast thrombosis okanye i-pulmonary embolus kwixesha elidlulileyo.
- Iimeko ezithile zezofuzo zingenza igazi lihlawuleleke (lilungele ukuvalwa).
Naliphi na le miqathango kufuneka enze yonke imizamo yokunciphisa ingozi engaphantsi kolawulo lwayo ukunciphisa ingozi yabo yokuphucula i-thrombosis eneengxaki kunye ne-pulmonary embolus.
Ukufumana ukutya okuninzi kunye nokulawula ubunzima kubalulekile; ukutshaya kubalulekile.
> Imithombo:
> Alotaibi GS, Wu C, Senthilselvan A, uMcMurtry MS. Iimpawu zoLuntu kwiNkcazo kunye nokufa kwe-Thromboembolism ebonakalayo enomdla: Isifundo se-AB-VTE-Based Based Study. Am J Med 2016; 129: 879.e19.
> Søgaard KK, Schmidt M, Pedersen L, et al. Ukufa Kweminyaka Engama-30 Emva Kwesifo Se-Thromboembolism: Isifundo Seqela Loluntu. Ukuhamba ngo-2014; 130: 829.ngaba: 10.1161 / ISIKHOKHELWANO.114.009107.
> I-Surgeon General Call to Action Ukukhusela I-vein Deep I-Thrombosis And Pulmonary Embolism. I-United States Isebe Lempilo Neenkonzo Zoluntu, ngo-2008.