Naliphi na ixesha ojamelene nesigqibo esibalulekileyo sokunakekelwa kwezempilo , kunceda ukuba ube neenkcukacha malunga neenketho zakho, iinzuzo kunye neengozi zenkqubo. Kodwa uphando luye lwabonisa ukuba izigulane ezininzi azifumani isigqibo senkxaso abayidingayo. Enyanisweni, ngokutsho kwesinye isifundo ngaphezu kwesigamu sesigulane seengxwaba zesifuba esifumana imastectomy ayinalo ulwazi olufunekayo ukwenza isinqumo esinolwazi malunga nokuhlinzwa ngokutsha .
Izingozi ezinxulumene nokungafumani iNkxaso yeNkcazo yoMgangatho
Uphononongo oluqhutywe nguClara Lee, MD, udokotela ophandabuzayo webele we-Ohio State University Centre-Cancer Hospital, i-Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital kunye noRichard J. Solove Research Institute, walinganisa ulwazi lwabathathi-nxaxheba malunga ne-mastectomy kunye ne-mastectomy ngokutsha. Kwakhona ubuyekeze ukukhethwa komntu ngamnye kwisigulane kubandakanya ukubonakala kwebele emva kwonyango, ixesha lokubuyisela, kunye nomngcipheko weengxaki.
Oko uDkt Lee kunye nabalingane bakhe bafumene kukuba ngaba ngaphantsi kwesigamu sababhinqa babe nolwazi olwaneleyo malunga nokwakhiwa kwebele lwentlungu kunye nokwenza ukhetho oluhambelana nokukhetha kwabo. Ngenxa yoko, abanye abesifazana abazange bafumane unyango kunye nokunyamekela abayithandayo.
Ukongezelela, abafazi ekufundweni babengenakuqonda kakuhle iingxaki zengxaki ezinxulumene nokuvuselelwa kwebele, kwaye abazange bazi ukuba ziphezulu kangakanani ezo ngozi.
Enyanisweni, kuphela i-14 ekhulwini yezigulane zaziqonda kakuhle iingozi zengxaki enkulu. Oku kukubhekiselele kuba ithuba leenkcenkcesho ezinkulu kwiminyaka emibili yokuqala emva kokuhlinzwa okuphakathi kwama-16 ukuya kuma-40 ekhulwini. Ekugqibeleni, oku kuthetha ukuba abafazi abaninzi babenomngcipheko-abaye banikezelwa ngenkxaso yesigqibo esaneleyo-abanakho ukuthatha.
Okubaluleke ngakumbi, iziphumo ezivela kulolu cwaningo alunelanga ukuvuselelwa kwebele. Enyanisweni, kukho iindawo ezininzi kwiinkonzo zempilo apho kukho izikhala kwiinkcukacha zesigulane ngolwazi oluphambili lwonyango. Ngenxa yoko, izigqibo izigulana eziphelile ukuzenza zisoloko zingangqinelani nezinto ezizinyameleyo ngazo, abaphengululi beengxelo baphetha.
Kutheni ukubonelela ngeNkxaso yeNqumo kubaluleke kangaka
Xa kuziwa kwimpilo yabo, uphando lubonisa ukuba izigulana zifuna ukubandakanyeka kwinkqubo yokwenza izigqibo. Enyanisweni, xa izigulane zinikwa izigqibo ezincedisayo, ezinjengeencwadana zemfundo, iiDVD okanye ezinye izixhobo zokuncedisa ukuba zenze ukhetho, ziphela zivakalelwa ngakumbi kwaye ziyaneliseka ngononophelo lwabo. Bakwazi ukuxinezeleka kunye nokuxhalaba xa besazi kakuhle ukuba balindele ntoni.
Ngokomzekelo, kuphando lukazwelonke lwabantu abadala abajongene nesigqibo sezonyango ezifana nokuthatha unyango olutsha , ukuhlinzwa okhethwayo, okanye ukuhlolwa komhlaza, izigulane zibonisa ukuba zifuna ukufunda okungakumbi ngeengozi ezinxulumene nonyango olutsha. Kwakhona babefuna ukuziva ngathi oogqirha babo bebaphulaphule. Kodwa ngaphantsi kwengxenye yezigulane zathi ugqirha wabo wababuza malunga neenjongo zabo, ukhetho kunye nokukhathazeka.
Oku kunqongophala kokunxibelelana kunye nenkxaso yesigqibo kuphazamisa ubudlelwane nodokotela .
Okwangoku, olunye uphando oluhlolisise ukuxhotyiswa kwezigulane , ukusetyenziswa kwezigqibo zokuncedisa izigqibo, iingxoxo zeengxaki zonyango kunye neenkcazo zonyango olufunyenweyo olufumanisa ukuba ukuphunyezwa kwezi ngcaciso zeenkonzo zononophelo zixhamla ugqirha kunye nesigulane. Akunabo kuphela izigulane ezanelisekile ngononophelo lwabo, kodwa zakha ukuzithemba nokuhlonipha ugqirha wabo, ezibini izinto ezibalulekileyo zobudlelwane nodokotela-nesigulane. Ukongezelela, ukusetyenziswa kwezigqibo ezincedisayo akuthethiwanga ukuba kutshintshe ugqirha. Esikhundleni saloo nto, ithetha ukucedisa iingxoxo esele zibanezigulane zakhe.
Ingcamango kukuba isigqibo senkxaso sivumela isigulane ukuba sithathe indima ebalulekileyo ekunakekeleni kwezempilo.
Ukuqaphela ukusetyenziswa kweenkxaso zesigqibo, iSikliniki yeMayo iye yahlakulela kwaye ivavanya izigqibo zayo zokwenza izigqibo kwaye ibasabalalisa mahhala kwabanye ababoneleli ngezempilo. Ngokomzekelo, iSibonelelo soNcedo lweSigqibo seMicrobeth yesifo seSabetes, sinceda izigulane kunye nabanikezeli babo ukukhetha phakathi kweziyeza ezi-6 ezahlukeneyo ezisebenzisayo ukuphatha uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela . Ngokusetyenziswa kwesigqibo, izigulane zikhetha imiba ebaluleke kakhulu kubo. Ezi zibandakanya ukulawulwa kweswekile, indlela yokusetyenziswa, uvavanyo lokushukela kwansuku zonke, umngcipheko weshukela wegazi ophantsi, ukuguquka kwesisindo, imiphumo emibi, kunye neendleko. Bese basebenza ngokusondeleyo kunye nogqirha babo ukuthelekisa phakathi kweziyobisi kunye nokukhetha kwabo.
Kubalulekile ukubonisa ukuba ezinye izigulane azifuni ukwabelana ngesigqibo kwaye zihlala zikhetha ukuba ugqirha wabo enze izigqibo ngentshisekelo yabo. Kodwa ipesenteji yezigulane ezikhetha le ndlela zincinci kunabo abafuna ukubandakanyeka.
Xa iNkxaso yeNqumo iyona nto ifunekayo
Inkxaso yesinqumo, okanye ukwenza iinqunto zokwenza ngezibini njengoko kuthiwa ngamanye amaxesha, kuyakhuthazwa xa izigulane zinemeko ekhethiweyo, njenge-mastectomy kunye nokuvuselelwa kwebele. Kule meko, kukho enye indlela efanelekileyo yengonyango. Ngokungafani nemicimbi yokunakekelwa kwempilo apho ukhetho lwonyango lungacacile , njengonyango lwe- appendicitis , kukho iimeko apho kungekho khetho ecacileyo. Ngenxa yoko, ukugqiba kweyiphi inyathelo yokuthatha isenzo kunokuxhomekeka kwintetho yesigulane kunye nokunyamezela kwakhe kwengozi.
Ngenxa yoko, abaninzi abaqeqeshi bezempilo bavakalelwa ukuba ezi zigqibo zenziwa ngokufanelekileyo ngoncedo lwezigqibo ezincedisayo. Ngokomzekelo, kwiphononongo eqhutywe yiCocrane Cooperation, abaphandi bafumene ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwezigqibo ezincedisayo kuphucula ulwazi lwesigulane kunye nokwaneliseka. Ngaphezu koko, bafumene ukuba izigulane eziye zaphonononga izigqibo zengcebiso ngaphambi kokuthatha isigqibo sakhetha ukuphandula ukuhlinzwa ngokugqithiseleyo kunye nokungenasiphelo rhoqo. Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi kuba kunokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa ngokugqithiseleyo nokusetyenziswa kakubi kweenkqubo ezithile, ngokukodwa xa ama-25 ekhulwini lokuhlinzwa okhethwayo kungenakudingeka okanye akufanelekanga.
Ukuphela kokunyamekela impilo yenye indawo apho inkxaso yesigqibo ifuneka ngokukodwa. Ngokomzekelo, izigulane kunye namalungu entsapho kufuneka baqonde indlela abafuna ukujongana ngayo neemeko ezahlukeneyo ezinokuvela ekupheleni kobomi kwaye baqiniseke ukuba izifiso zabo zokugqibela zihlonishwa. Omnye umzekelo unokuthetha ngeemvavanyo ezihlukahlukeneyo zentlungu, iimpembelelo zabo, kunye nokuba isigulane sifuna ukuba sichazwe njani ekupheleni kobomi. Eminye imiba efuna ukujongiswa nayo ibandakanya ukuvuselela , ukuthambisa izibilini kunye nokuphefumula. Abantu bafuna ukwazi ukuba zeziphi iimeko ezinokuvela kunye nezinto ezikhethwa kuzo. Ngale ndlela, bangenza izigqibo ezinolwazi kwangaphambili.
Abantu abaninzi bahlala besaba ukuba nale ngxoxo. Ngokomzekelo, isigulane kaninzi sinemibuzo malunga nokuphela kobomi, kodwa iyamoyika ukuphazamisa abo bathandekayo. Ngoko bahlala bezolile. Okwangoku, amalungu omndeni anokuba nemibuzo kodwa angazi ukuba awakhuphe ngaphandle kokulimaza iimvakalelo zakhe. Kule meko, inkxaso yesigqibo esinikezwa ngugqirha ayiyi kunciphisa kuphela umthwalo wokubuza, kodwa iya kunceda izigulane kunye neentsapho zabo zijongene nemiba ebalulekileyo. Iba yindlela yokuba isigulane sikwazi ukuthetha naye umnqweno ngaphambi kokuba iimeko zakhe zimphoqe ukuba enze njalo. Nangona kungekho sixazululo esipheleleyo sokuvelisa ukuphela kwezinto ezichaphazelekayo, izigqibo ezincedisayo zinganceda ukulungiselela ingxoxo engathandekiyo.
ILizwi
Xa ujongene nokuxilongwa okutsha, jonga ugqirha okanye inkqubo yokunakekelwa kwezempilo engekho isigxina kuphela kodwa inikezela ngenkxaso yesigqibo esiphezulu. Oku kubandakanya ukufumana isicatshulwa esikunika ulwazi malunga nokukhetha kwakho unyango kunye nemingcipheko echaphazelekayo. Oogqirha abaninzi banikela olu ngcaciso ngokusebenzisa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo kuquka iingxoxo zabantu, iiDVD, kunye nezinto eziprintwayo. Xa unako ukufikelela kwezi zixhobo zokwenza izigqibo, kwaye ungasebenza kunye nodokotela wakho, unokukwenza isigqibo esifanelekileyo kuwe. Kwaye ekugqibeleni unyameko kunye unyango oluluthole luhambelana nokunyangwa kunye nenkathalo oyifunayo.
> Imithombo:
> "Isiqingatha se-Breast Cancer Patients Thola i-" Quality-Quality "Inkxaso xa iqwalasela ukuPiliswa koKhuseleko," UT News , iYunivesithi yaseTexas eAustin, ngoMeyi 3, 2017. https://news.utexas.edu/2017/05/03 / isifundo-esisisigxina-sesigqibo-esisisigxina-inkxaso-ye-breast-cancer-patient
> Hosteler, uMarta noKlein, uSara. "Ukunceda izigulane zibe zilungele ukhetho lweZonyango ngeSigqibo seNcediso," i- Quality Matters , iFundwealth Fund, ngo-Oktobha 2012. http://www.commonwealthfund.org/publications/newsletters/quality-matters/2012/october-november/in-focus
> "Ngaba Ukubuyiswa Kwesisu Kukulungele?" BreastCancer.org. http://www.breastcancer.org/treatment/surgery/reconstruction/is-reconstruction-for-you-