Ngokungafani nezinye i-kansa, awazi kakuhle oko kubangela umdlavuza we-ovarian. Nangona kunjalo, izinto eziyimingcipheko ye-hormonal, i-genetic, kunye neendlela zokuphila (kubandakanywa ubunzima) bonke banokudlala indima-mhlawumbi ngokudibeneyo. Ukuqonda ingozi yakho yodwa kunokuthi akutshintshe kuphela utshintsho onokuyenza ukuze unciphise umngcipheko kodwa ukwandisa ingqalelo enikezela kuyo nayiphina impawu onokuyenza ukuze ubenokuzikhupha kunye nogqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza.
Njengoko ufunda, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukumahluko phakathi kokulungiswa (into engumngcipheko inxulumene nesifo) kunye necausation (loo mngcipheko ubangela eso sifo). Ukuba nomngcipheko we-ovarian umdlavuza awuthetha ukuba uya kuhlakulela eso sifo, nokuba ingozi yakho iphezulu. Ngokufanayo, abantu abaninzi abahlakulela umdlavuza we-ovarian abanalo naziphi izinto ezinobungozi.
Izinto ezinobungozi eziqhelekileyo
I-Cancer iqala emva kwenguqu yeenguqu kwimveliso yezofuzo (i-DNA) yomhlaza iseli ebenza ukuba bakhule kwimfashini yokulawula ngaphandle, ngokungathi bangabhubhi. Inani leembono malunga nokuba kutheni oku kwenzekayo kucetywayo.
I-Estrogen Therapy
Oku kunokwandisa okanye kunciphise umngcipheko wesifo somhlaza we-ovari, kuxhomekeke kulolu hlobo. I-Hormone yonyango yokutshintshwa (HRT) inokunyusa umngcipheko womhlaza wesi-ovari, kodwa kuphela xa uthatha imithi ye-estrogen kuphela. I-estrogen / progesterone ehlangeneyo i-HRT ayibonakali ukuphakamisa umngcipheko.
Ukulawula inzala
Ukuthatha izithintelo zokukhulelwa ngomlomo (iPilisi), ngokuphambene, kunciphisa umngcipheko wakho ukuya kuma-50 ekhulwini, ixesha elide lokusetyenziswa lihambelana nokunciphisa okukhulu. Ukunciphisa ubungozi kuyaqhubeka ubuncinane iminyaka engama-30 emva kokuyeka iPilisi. Ulawulo lokuzalwa lokudubula (iDepo-Provera) ludibaniswa nomngcipheko ophantsi.
Ukuba nomntwana
Ukubeletha umntwana ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-26 kunciphisa umngcipheko wokuphucula umdlavuza we-ovari, njengoko uncelisayo. Ukuba unomntwana wokuqala ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-35, nangona kunjalo, idibene nomngcipheko ophezulu.
Ukukhawuleza emva kwesikhathi
Ukutshatyalaliswa kwexesha elifutshane kudibaniswa nomngcipheko ophezulu. Kungenzeka ukuba inani elikhulu lee-ovulatory cycles lidlala indima ekuphuhlisweni kwala ma-cancer. I-Ovulation ingabangela ukuvuvukala, kunye nokuvuvukala kunxulumene nomhlaza, kodwa indlela echanekileyo ayisaziwa.
Ukuhlinzwa
Utyando lwe-Tubal ligation lunganciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wesifo somhlaza we-ovariya ngamaphesenti angama-70 kwizifundo ezithile, nangona iinkqubo zale nto zicacile. Ukuba ne-hysterectomy kunciphisa umngcipheko malunga neyesithathu.
Endometriosis
I-Endometriosis , imeko apho i-uterine (endometrial) izicubu ezikhula ngaphandle kwesibeleko, zidibene nomngcipheko omkhulu womhlaza womhlaza.
Ukungenzi lutho
Akuqinisekanga ngeli xesha ukuba iziyobisi zonyango (ezifana neClomid) ziphakamisa umngcipheko wesifo somhlaza we-ovari, nangona imbali yokungabikho kwengxaki inxulumene nomngcipheko ophezulu. Izifundo ezijongene nezidakamizwa zokuzala kunye nomhlaza wesifo se-ovari asizange zibone ukwanda kwengozi ye-tumorous ovarian tumors, kodwa kunokuba iyinto eqhelekileyo (kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo ixhaphaza).
Genetics
Ukuba ubukele iindaba kunye neengxoxo malunga nokuguquka kwe-BRCA , mhlawumbi uyazi ukuba umdlavuza we-ovari unokuba ngumzuzwana . Kodwa kule mini kunye neminyaka xa ukuhlolwa kofuzo kusemtsha, kubalulekile ukuthetha ngokumahluko phakathi kokuba unomdla wentsapho yomhlaza kunye nokuguquka komzimba. Ukuba nesifo somdla kumhlaza akuthethi ukuba uya kuhlakulela eso sifo, nokuba ngaba uguqula i-genetic mutation.
Imbali Yentsapho
Abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba ukuvavanya okutshintshileyo kuguqulwa kwe-BRCA kuyimfuneko ekuphuhliseni umdlavuza we-ovariya, akunjalo. Kukho inani leengqiksi ezenza umngcipheko we-ovarian umdlavuza, enye kuphela yowomdla we-BRCA.
Kwakhona kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba kukho iindidi ezimbalwa ezahlukeneyo zeentsholongwane ze-BRCA, kunye novavanyo olusandul 'uvele lukhona lwezinto zegeni.
Ukuba unomdla wentsapho yomhlaza we-ovari (ngaphaya kwentsapho), ingozi yakho yanda. Umngcipheko uphezulu kulabo abanesizaliso sokuqala esinezifo, ezifana nomama, udade okanye intombi. Ukuba nesinye isihambelane nesi sifo siphakamisa umngcipheko.
Nazi ezinye iibakala ezibalulekileyo ukuba wazi ngokumalunga nesimo sakho se-BRCA:
- Ukuba unobungozi be-BRCA: Unomngcipheko owongezelelekileyo wesifo somhlaza we-ovari xa unesihlobo (kwicala ngalinye lentsapho) elinomdlavuza we-ovari kunye ne-BRCA. Unomngcipheko ophezulu xa unembali yomntu womhlaza wesibele.
- Ukuba u-BRCA unobungozi: Umngcipheko wakho wesifo somhlaza we-ovari ungcono kakhulu kunomntu ongenalo utshintsho. Phantse ama-40 ekhulwini kwabasetyhini abaneenguquko ze-BRCA1 kunye neepesenti ezingama-20 zalabo abane- BRCA2 utshintsho kulindeleke ukuba benze umdlavuza we-ovarian ngexesha lokuphila. Umdlavuza we-ovariya kula bantu nabo bavame ukuba khona kwiminyaka engaphambili kunokuba kuyenzeka kwabo bangenawo utshintsho, kwaye le mdlavuza ithambekele ngakumbi.
Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba utshintsho lwezityalo ze-BRCA lwakho lusetsheni lwakho, xela ugqirha wakho malunga nokuba ngubani ofuna ukuhlolwa kwe-BRCA . Ukuba ukhathazekile, ukubona umcebisi wezofuzo kubalulekile. Umcebisi wezofuzo unokujonga iipatheni kwintsapho, kubandakanywa nobukho bezinye umdlavuza ezinokuthi zidibene nomngcipheko okhulayo womhlaza wesibeleko (njengomhlaza wesifuba, umdlavuza wekoloni, umdlavuza we-pancreatic, umdlavuza wesibeletho kunye nokunye). Enyanisweni, abanye abantu banokuthi banomngcipheko ophezulu wesifo somhlaza we-ovarian esekelwe kwingxelo yabo yentsapho yalawo unomdlavuza kunokuba abo banokuguquka.
Syndrome
Ukufika kwi-10 ekhulwini le-cancer ye-ovari idibene nomnye we-syndromes yomdlavuza osapho apho kukho utshintsho oluthile lomzimba. Uninzi lwezi syndromes zihambelana nokuguqulwa kwezinto ezibizwa ngokuba yi- tumor suppressor genes , ikhowudi yeeprotheni ezilungisa i-DNA eyonakaliswe kwiiseli. Ezi ziquka:
- I-Lynch Syndrome ( umhlaza wesi-colonic non-polyposis okanye i-HNPCC): Abafazi abane-HNPCC banamaqondo angama-10 amathuba okuphucula umdlavuza we-ovari (kunye nomngcipheko omkhulu wokuba nomdlavuza we-colon kunye nomngcipheko ophantsi wokuba nomdlavuza wesibeleko). Kukho iindidi ezahlukileyo ezahlukahlukeneyo ezinokuthi ziguqulwe kule syndrome.
- I-Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome: Le syndrome ihambelana nokuguquka kwimizimba ye-STK11 kwaye idibene nomngcipheko okhulayo womhlaza we-ovari. Kwakhona kudibaniswa nokubunjwa kwee-polyps ze-colon kunye nobungozi obuninzi beendlela ezinomdlavuza ezininzi.
- Izifo zeCowden : Eyaziwa nangokuthi i-tumor hamartoma syndrome, le meko ihambelana nokuguqulwa komzimba we-PTEN. Ukwandisa umngcipheko weengcambu ezinobungozi ezibizwa ngokuthi i- hamartomas , kunye nomhlaza we-ovari, umdlavuza webele, nomdlavuza we-thyroid.
Ukuphakama
Abasetyhini abade (ngaphezu kwamama-intshi ama-8 intshi) banakho amathuba okuba bahlakulele umdlavuza we-ovari ngaphezu kobhinqa abancinci. Ayaziwa ukuba oku kuhambelana nokuphakama ngokwayo okanye ukuba ubude bunamathele kwii-genetics ezenza umngcipheko wesifo somhlaza we-ovari.
Izinto zokuPhila kweengozi
Izinto zokuphila zingaphatha indima ekuphuhliseni umdlavuza we-ovari, kwaye ezininzi zezi (ngokungafani nembali yakho yentsapho) zinokuguqulwa okanye zilawulwe.
Ukunyanya
Ubutyebi bunxulumene nomngcipheko ophezulu weengcambu ze-serous kunye ne-invasive mucinous (izifo zesifo somhlaza we-ovarian epithelial) kodwa asibonakali ukwandisa umngcipheko we-high-grade invasive cancerous servers. Ubuthakathaka bubonakala buhlanganiswa ngakumbi kunye ne-premenopausal kuneentsholongwane ze-postmenopausal.
Kukho iindlela ezininzi ezicetywayo. Omnye ukwanda kwe-estrogen ehambelana nokukhuluphala (izicubu ezinamafutha zivelisa i-androgens eziguqulelwa kuba-estrogens). Ukugqithisa umzimba kubangelwa ukuba umzimba ube namazinga okwanda kwe-insulin kunye ne-insulin-efana nokukhula kwe-1 (IGF-1) engakhuthaza uphuhliso kunye nokukhula kwezidumbu ezithile. Ukongezelela, ukukhuluphala kunyuse ukuvuvukala, okuye kwadibana nomngcipheko wokwanda komhlaza.
Ngelishwa, abafazi abagqithiseleyo okanye abangaphezu komzimba kunomngcipheko omkhulu wokufa ngumhlaza wesibeleko. Ukulahlekelwa iipounds ezi-5 ukuya kwi-10 kunokunciphisa ingozi.
Usetyenziso lweTalc
Ukusetyenziswa kweentlobo zezilwanyana kunye nama-powders aqukethe i-talc sele idibene nomhlaza wesi-ovari. Ngethamsanqa, kulula ukuphelisa loo mngcipheko.
Ukutya
Izifundo ezimbalwa ziye zafumanisa ukuba ukutya okuncinci kwe-fat edibene nomngcipheko omncinci womhlaza we-ovari, kodwa kukho ubungqina obuncinane bokuthi ukutya kukudlala indima ebalulekileyo.
Inomdla, i-curcumin, i-compound kwi-curry isithako se-turmeric, inxulumene nomngcipheko omncinci wesifo somhlaza we-ovariya kwizifundo zoluntu kunye nokufundiswa kwebhu. Nangona uphando olongezelelweyo lufunekayo, ukuba uthanda i-spice, akunakulimaza ukufaka phakathi kokutya kwakho rhoqo.
Ukutshaya
Ukubhema kudibaniswa nomnye umhlaza wesifo se-ovari: izicubu ze-epithelial mucinous. Nangona kunjalo, kunikwa inani elikhulu leekhensa elibangelwa ukutshaya , ukushiya ingcamango enhle.
Ukuhlola
Akukho zikhokelo zokucoca kwesi sifo, ngokuyinhloko kuba ukuhlolwa kwenzelwa ukuba kuncitshiswe ukuba kuncitshiswe ukufa kwe-ovarian. Ukongezelela, iimvavanyo ezinjalo zingakhokelela kwimiphumo engathandekiyo, njengokuhlinzwa okungadingekile.
Abanye oogqirha banokuncoma kabini i-ultrasound ye-ultrasounds kunye ne-CA-125 yeemvavanyo zegazi (ukususela kwiminyaka engama-35 okanye nayiphi na iminyaka iminyaka engama-10 emncinci kunokuba isihlobo sisifumaneka) kubantu abaneentsapho zembali ye-ovari okanye i-cancers ehlobene, . Nangona kunjalo, oku akukona umgangatho onyanisekileyo ngezizathu ezifanayo. Ukususwa kwee-tubes kunye nama-ovari (i-salpingo-oophorectomy) inciphisa umngcipheko womhlaza wesi-ovariya ngamaphesenti angama-75 ukuya kuma-90 ekhulwini.
Esi sisona sizathu esithile sokuba siqiniseke ukuzisa nayiphi na impawu yesifo somhlaza we-ovari , kunye nezo zinto ziqilileyo kwaye zingacacanga, ugqirha ugqirha wakho.
> Imithombo:
> Henderson, J., Webber, E., noG. Sawaya. Ukuhlolwa kwesifo se-Ovarian: INgxelo yoBungqina obuHlangeneyo kunye noVandlakanyo oluHloniphekileyo kwi-US Force Preventive Services Task Force. JAMA . 2018. 319 (6): 595-606.
> INational Cancer Institute. I-BRCA Utshintsho: Ingozi yomhlaza kunye novavanyo lwe-Genetic. Ukuhlaziywa 01/30/18. https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/genetics/brca-fact-sheet
> INational Cancer Institute. I-Ovarian Epithelial, iTallopian Tube, kunye ne-Primary Peritoneal Cancer Treatment (PDQ). Ukuhlaziywa 01/19/18. https://www.cancer.gov/types/ovarian/hp/ovarian-epithelial-treatment-pdq
> Seo, J., Kim, B., Dhanasekaran, D., Tsang, B., kunye no-Y. Ingoma. I-Curcumin ikhupha i-apoptosis ngokuvimbela uSarco / i-Endoplasmic Reticulum Ca2 + i-ATPase Umsebenzi kwiiseli ze-Ovarian Cancer. Iileta Zomhlaza . 2016. 371 (1): 30-7.
> Tworoger, S., kunye noT. Huang. Ukunyaniseka kunye neCarry Ovarian. Ukunyaniseka kunye neCarry Ovarian . 2016. 208: 155-176.