Izindlela iindlela oogqirha abazibonela ngayo isifo senhliziyo ziyahlukahluka kakhulu, kuxhomekeka kukuphi uhlobo lwesifo senhliziyo esithetha ngaso. Nangona kunjalo, kunokwenzeka ukuba ucacise indlela esebenza ngayo oogqirha abaninzi basebenzise ukwenza ukuxilongwa xa bacinga ukuba unesifo senhliziyo. Kubonakala ngathi:
- Okokuqala, thabatha imbali yonyango.
- Okwesibini, yenza uvavanyo olubonakalayo olubonakalayo.
- Ekugqibeleni, sinqume ukuba zeziphi iimvavanyo zonyango ezinokukunceda ukugqiba ukuxilongwa.
Imbali Yonyango
"Ukuthabatha imbali yonyango" kuthetha ukuba ugqirha wakho uza kudliwano-ndlebe nawe ukuba ufunde iindidi zeempawu okanye izikhalazo zonyango onokuba nazo (ukuba zikho na) kwaye ukhuphaze nayiphina impawu ehambelana nalezo zimpawu ezingase zibhekiselele kwizizathu zazo.
Ngokuxhomekeke kwiimpawu ozichazayo, ugqirha wakho unokubuza imibuzo eninzi echaza iinkcukacha-oko kubonakala kubangenisa, kubangelwa ukuba bayeke, bahlala ixesha elingakanani, xa beye kwenzeka, kunye naziphi na ezinye iimeko. Eminye impawu ezibalulekileyo zentliziyo - intlungu yesifuba kunye ne- synncope yimizekelo emibini emihle-ukuthatha imbali yezonyango ngokuqhelekileyo ibaluleke kakhulu kwisinyathelo esibalulekileyo sokwenza ukuxilongwa.
Uvavanyo lweMvelo
Uvavanyo lwemizimba lunokunika iingqinisiso ezibalulekileyo malunga nokuba khona, ukungabikho, okanye uhlobo lweengxaki zenhliziyo ezinokuthi umntu abe nazo.
Izifo ze-cardiac , i- heart valve disease , i- heart failure ye-heart , i- aortic aneurysm , kunye ne-postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (i-POTS) , zizinto ezimbalwa zeentlobo zeengxaki zomzimba apho ukuhlolwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo kubangela ukuba kubaluleke ukuba ukuxilongwa.
Ukuhlolwa kweeNdio
Uhlobo olubanzi lweemvavanyo eziyinkimbinkimbi luye lwaphuhliswa ukuze kuhlolwe iingxaki zeentliziyo. Nangona uvavanyo oluthile lweemvakalelo zeengqondo zidla ngokuba "igolide yegolide" yokwenza okanye ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kwenhliziyo, ngokuqhelekileyo ziyiluncedo xa ugqirha wakho sele ephethe ingcamango enhle kakhulu-ukususela kwimbali kunye nokuhlolwa komzimba-oko kuchongwa ngokuchanekileyo .
Ezi mvavanyo zinokubiza, kunzima ukuzenza, ukuchitha ixesha, kwaye kwezinye iimeko zihlaselwa. Ngoko ke, ukuhlolwa kweengqondo zomzimba kufuneka kusetyenziswe, xa kunokwenzeka, kwindlela ejoliswe kuyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba uxilongo oluxolisayo kunokwenza nje iimvavanyo eziliqela, kwifowuni, ukuze ubone oko kuvela.
Ngamanye amagama, oogqirha kufuneka baxhomekeke kwingcaciso abayifumana ngexesha lokuvavanya kwekliniki yokuqala ukugqiba ukuba yintoni ekhethekileyo ukuyikhangela, ukuba vavanyo okanye iimvavanyo zifanelekile ukuba zikhangele, kwaye ukuba ngaba kufuneka uvavanyo olungaphezu kweyodwa, kufanelekile. Ngaloo ndlela, ukuba unengxaki yenhliziyo ugqirha wakho unokufikelela kwimpendulo eyiyo ngokukhawuleza njengoko kunokwenzeka, ngaphandle kokubhengeza kwiindleko ezingadingekile okanye umngcipheko.
I-Electrocardiogram (ECG)
I- ECG irekhoda umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo kwaye ingabonisa ulwazi malunga nesantya senhliziyo kunye neengqinisiso ezibalulekileyo malunga nesifo senhliziyo esisenokuba khona (njengento yokuhlaselwa kwentliziyo , okanye i- hypertrophic ventricular .
I-ECG yenziwa ngokuqhelekileyo kangangokuba oogqirha abaninzi bayicinga ukuba yinto eqhelekileyo yokuhlolwa kobugcisa bonyaka.
Ukujonga iliso
Zininzi iinkqubo ezikhoyo ezivumela ukurekhodwa kwe-electrocardiogram iintsuku okanye iiveki ngexesha, ukwenzela ukurekhoda isigqi senhliziyo ngaphezu kwexesha elide. Ezi nkqubo zivumela oogqirha ukuba baxilonge i- arrhythmias ye-cardia eyenziwa ngokukhawuleza kwaye ngokukhawuleza.
Echocardiogram, okanye iCardiac Ultrasound
Uvavanyo lwe- echocardiogram luvavanyo olungabonakaliyo olusebenzisa amaza omsindo ukwakha umfanekiso weentliziyo zokubetha. Ucwaningo lwe-echo luncedo kakhulu ekufumaneni ukwandiswa kwamagumbi enhliziyo, izifo zentliziyo ye-valves , kunye neengxaki zeentliziyo ezinjenge- cardiomyopathy okanye i- cardiomyopathy .
Ukufunda ngokukhawuleza ukuyenza, akuyiyo ingenasvasive, kwaye ayifuni imirhumo. Oku kwenza ukuba i-echocardiogram ibe yinto efanelekileyo yokucoca ukuba iimeko ezingaqhelekanga zentliziyo zikhankanywa. Kwakhona luvavanyo olwenziwe ngokuphindaphindiweyo, ngokuhamba kwexesha, ukubeka iliso kwimeko yengqondo.
Scan Scan CT
I- CT scan cardiac , njengokwenza nayiphi i-CT scan, isebenzisa i-computer ye-x-ray izixhobo ukwenza umfanekiso wesentliziyo. Le nqubo ingasetyenziselwa ukujonga i- calcium deposits kwiimitha ze-coronary , ezibonisa ukuba i- atherosclerosis ikhona. I-scan scan isebenzisa inani elininzi lombane, ngoko kufuneka lenze kuphela ukuba ulwazi olunikezayo lunokwenzeka ukuba luncedo lweklinikhi.
Isifundo seMRI yeCardia
Ucwaningo lwe-MRI lwenhliziyo lusebenzisa amasu ombane ukwakha umfanekiso wentliziyo kunye nezakhiwo ezijikelezayo. Olu vavanyo luyakubonisa iinkcukacha ze-anatomic ezimangalisayo, kwaye kwimiba ethile inokuba luncedo kakhulu ekuhloleni nasekuchazeni izifo zesifo senhliziyo.
Uvavanyo lokuxinezeleka
Ukuhlolwa koxinzelelo lweengqondo kunemisebenzi emininzi, kodwa isetyenziswe ngokuyinhloko ukukunceda ukuba i- coronary disease isifo sikhiqiza i- carchemac ischemia enokuthi ixanduva lwe- angina , kwaye ukuba kunjalo, ukunceda ukuhlola ubunzima beengxaki.
Uvavanyo loxinzelelo luvame ukudibanisa ne- scan thallium , esebenzisa i-dose encinci yezinto ezifake i-radioactive ukuvelisa umfanekiso weentliziyo ezibonakalisa ukuba i-heart muscle ifumana ukuhamba kwegazi. Ukuvavanywa kwengcinezelo kunokuba luncedo kakhulu ekujongeni ukuphumelela kwe- anti-anginal therapy .
Catheterization yeCardiac
Ngolu vavanyo oluvakalayo , ama-catheters amancinci afakwa emitanjeni yegazi aze adluliselwe entliziyweni kunye / okanye kwimibhobho ye-coronary. Iingcinezelo zinokulinganiswa ngaphakathi kwintliziyo, kwaye idayi inokufakwa kwiimithambo yegazi kunye namagumbi e-cardiac ukwenzela ukuhamba ngomfanekiso we-x-ray wokuhamba kwegazi.
Uphononongo lwe-catheterization luninzi lwezicelo ezinokuthi kodwa zisetyenziswe ngokuqhelekileyo ukujonga ngethambo ye- coronary arteries kubantu abanokwazi okanye abakhunjelwayo. I-catheterization ye-cardiac isetyenziselwa ukuhambisa unyango, ngokuqhelekileyo, ngokwenza i- angioplasty kunye nokubeka i- stents kubantu abanemingcipheko yokulwa.
I-Electrophysiology Study
Le yenye inhlobo ye-catheterization ye-heart, kodwa kule meko i-catheters ifakwa iifayili ezingenayo endaweni ye-tubes engenawo. Olu vavanyo lisetyenziselwa ukufundisisa inkqubo yegesi yombane ukucacisa ubukho okanye ukungabikho, kunye neendlela, zeentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-cardiac arrhythmias. Le ndlela isetyenziselwa ukuhambisa unyango lwe-ablation ukuze uphathe iintlobo ezininzi ze-arrhythmias.
Isifundo seTable Table
Uluhlu lwetafile lwe-tilt luyenziwa ngokubamba umntu kwitafile enebhodi lebhodi kuyo, ukuphakamisa ithala kwindawo egciniweyo. Ngeemeko ezithile zeengqondo ezinokuzenzekela ngokuzenzekelayo imizuzu engama-20 okanye ngaphezulu zingaphinda zivelise iintlobo ezithile zokungazinzeki komzimba, ngokukodwa kubantu abakrokrelwa ukuba ne- vasovagal syncope . Ukufundisisa ukunyanzelisa kunokunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.
> Imithombo:
> Lang RM, Badano LP, Mor-Avi V, et al. Iingcebiso kwiCardiac Chamber Quantification Ngama-Echocardiography KwaBantu abadala: Uhlaziyo oluvela kwi-American Society Of Echocardiography kunye ne-European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2015; 28: 1.
> Nishimura RA, uCarabello BA. I-Hemodynamics KwiLebhu yeCarteriac Catheterization I-21St Century. Ukuhamba ngo-2012; 125: 2138.
> Tracy CM, Akhtar M, Dimarco JP, et al. Ikholeji yaseMelika yeCardiology / i-American Heart Association 2006 Ukuhlaziywa kweNkcazo yokuPhumelela kweKliniki kwi-Invrove Electrophysiology Studies, iCatheterablation, ne-Cardioversion: Ingxelo ye-American College of Cardiology / i-American Heart Association / i-American College of Physicians Umsebenzi wamaqela kwi-Clinical Competence and Training NgoBambiswano kunye neNhliziyo Rhythm Society. J Am Coll Cardiol 2006; 48: 1503.