Inkcazo engqiniswanga-ngqiqo ye-informatics ye-biomedical (BMI) yayilahleka ixesha elide. Ukuzisa ezinye iinkalo kule nzululwazi, uCharles Friedman, Ph.D., ucebise i-theorem ebalulekileyo ye-informatics ye-biomedical. Ithi "umntu osebenza ngokubambisana nenkcazelo yolwazi 'ingcono' kunokuba loo mntu ofanayo akaqinisekanga." Imfundiso kaFriedman ayikho imfundiso yeemathematika esemthethweni (ejoliswe ekuncitshweni kwaye yamkelwa yinyani), kodwa kunokuba i-distillation yentsholongwane ye-BMI.
I-theorem ichaza ukuba i-informaticians ezichaphazelekayo ezixhamlayo zixhala malunga nendlela iinkcukacha zolwazi (okanye ezingenako) zinceda abantu. Xa ebhekisela 'kumntu' kwisiganeko sakhe, uFriedman ubonisa ukuba le nto ingaba ngumntu ( isigulane , ugqirha, isayensi, umlawuli ), iqela labantu okanye kwintlangano.
Ukongezelela, i-theorem ecetywayo inee-corollaries ezintathu eziza kuchaza ngakumbi i-informatics:
- I-Informatics ininzi malunga nabantu kuneteknoloji. Oku kuthetha ukuba izibonelelo kufuneka zakhiwe ngenzuzo yabantu.
- Ingcaciso yolwazi kufuneka ifake into into umntu engazange azi. Oku kuphakamisa ukuba izibonelelo kufuneka zizibini zichaneke kwaye zifundiswe.
- Ukusebenzisana phakathi komntu kunye nesibonelelo sinquma ukuba i-theorem igcina. Le ngqungquthela iyaqaphela ukuba into esiyayaziyo ngomntu wedwa okanye umthombo wedwa ongeke uqikelele ukuba umphumo.
Igalelo likaFriedman liye laqatshelwa njengelika BMI ngendlela elula kwaye elula ukuyiqonda. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abalobi baye bacetyisa ezinye iimbono kunye nezinye izongezo kwi-theorem yakhe. Ngokomzekelo, uProfesa Stuart Hunter weYunivesithi yasePrinceton wagxininisa indima yendlela yezenzululwazi xa ejongene nedatha .
Iqela lezenzululwazi ezivela kwiYunivesithi yaseTexas likhuthaza ukuba inkcazelo ye-BMI imele ifake ingcamango yokuba ulwazi kwi-informatics 'idatha kunye nenjongo'. Amanye amaziko eemfundo anikezela iinkcazo ezicacileyo eziqaphela uhlobo oluthile lwezifundo ze-BMI kwaye zijolise kwiinkcukacha, ulwazi kunye nolwazi kumxholo we-biomedicine.
Iimbono ze-Friedman's Fundamental Theorem
Ku luncedo ukuqwalasela imibhalo ye-theorem ngokwemiqathango yabantu okanye imibutho eya kusebenzisa izixhobo zolwazi. Ingaba i-theorem iyenzeka ngokwenene kwimeko enikwe yona ingahlolwa ngokulandelelweyo ngezilingo ezilawulwa ngokungapheliyo kunye nezinye izifundo.
Ngezantsi imimiselo yendlela indlela uFriedman angayisebenzisa ngayo kwimeko yokunakekelwa kwezempilo okwangoku ngokubhekiselele kumbono wabasebenzisi abahlukeneyo.
Abasebenzisi abaneMonde
- Isigulisi esisebenzisa i-app reminder app siya kuhambelana nemigqirha yonyango ngaphandle kwesigulane esifanayo singasebenzisi uhlelo lokusebenza.
- Isigulane esilinga ukunciphisa umzimba esilandela ukutya kunye nokuzilolonga kwi-app ye-smartphone iya kulahleka ubunzima ngaphezu kwesigulane esifanayo ngaphandle kwesixhobo.
- Isigulane esisebenzisa isigxina sesigulane ukuthetha nodokotela wakhe siya kuziva ukuba sinyamekele ngaphezu kwesigulane esifanayo ngaphandle kweso sikhundla.
- Isigulane esisebenzisa isigxina sesigulane ukujonga iziphumo zovavanyo siya kubonisa ukwaneliseka okwanelisayo kunomdla ofanayo ngaphandle kwesango.
- Isigulane esithatha inxaxheba kwi-intanethi ye- arthritis ye- rheumatoid iya kubhekana ngokuphumelelayo nesifo sayo kunesigulane esifanayo ngaphandle kweforum.
Abasebenzi bezonyango
- Ingcali yabantwana esebenzisa irekhodi yezempilo ye-elektroniki (EHR) ngokukhutshwa kwezikhumbuza kuya kuba nzima ukukhupha ixesha elifanelekileyo kunegqirha elinye ngaphandle kwezikhumbuzo.
- Umnikezeli weyeza uncedo olukhawulezileyo onokufikelela kwi- exchange exchange information (HIE) uya kulandelwa iimvavanyo ezingaphantsi kancinci kunomnye umboneleli ngaphandle kwe-HIE.
- Umongikazi osebenzisa inkqubo ye-wireless ukudlulisela iimpawu ezibalulekileyo ngokuthe ngqo kwi-EHR uya kwenza amaxwebhu angaphantsi kwamaxwebhu kunomhlengikazi omnye ngaphandle kwenkqubo ye-wireless.
- Umphathi wecala usebenzisa i-registry registry uya kuchonga izigulane ezininzi ngegazi elingenakulawulwa kolukhuseleko kunomphathi ofanayo omnye ngaphandle kwerejista.
- Iqela eliphandayo usebenzisa uluhlu lokukhangela ukhuseleko luya kuba neentsholongwane ezingaphantsi kweendawo zokuhlinzwa ngaphandle kweqela elilodwa lokugada ngaphandle kwoluhlu lokuhlola. ( Qaphela ukuba uluhlu lokukhangela luyimodeli yolwazi olungabalulekanga ukuba lube khompyutha.)
- Ugqirha usebenzisa i-kliniki yezigqibo zenkxaso (CDS) ye-antibiotics dosing inokuthi ibeke umyalelo we-antibiotic efanelekileyo kunokuba ugqirha ofanayo ngaphandle kwesixhobo seCDS.
AbaSebenzi beMpilo yeNtlalo
- Isibhedlele esinesixhobo sovavanyo lweengcungcuthe esichengileyo se-computer (DVT) se-EHR siya kuba ne-DVTs ezimbalwa kunezibhedlele ezifanayo ngaphandle kwenkqubo.
- Isibhedlele esinomnxeba wokungena kwikhompyutha ye-intanethi (CPOE) siya kuba nemiyalelo encinci yefowuni kunezibhedlele ezifanayo ngaphandle kwe-CPOE yeselula.
- Isibhedlele esisebenzisa i-HIE ukuthumela isishwankathelo sokukhutshwa kwabanikezeli-nkonzo bonyango baya kuba neembalo ezincinci ngaphandle kwesibhedlele esinye ngaphandle kwe-HIE.
- Ikhaya elikhuselweyo usebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bentloko luya kuba nezinga eliphantsi lokugula kwesigulane kunekhaya elilinganayo labahlengikazi ngaphandle kweentloko.
- Iikliniki yempilo yezemfundo ezithumela izikhumbuzi zomyalezo obhaliweyo ziya kufikelela kwizinga eliphezulu lokugonywa kwe-papillomavirus yabantu (HPV) kunekliniki ngaphandle kwenkqubo yokuthumela imiyalezo.
- Iklinikhi yezempilo yasemaphandleni isebenzisa i-telemedicine ukubonisana ngokuthe ngqo kunye neengcali izothumela izigulana ezimbalwa kwigumbi lokuxakeka, xa kuthelekiswa neklinikhi efanayo ngaphandle kwe-telemedicine.
- Uhlobo lwezokwelapha kunye nedashboard yophuculo lomgangatho luza kubonakalisa izikhewu ekuboneleleni ngoncedo lwezempilo ngokukhawuleza kunomsebenzi ofanayo ngaphandle kwedashboard.
I-Latest kwi-Informatics Biomedical
Ngamanye amaxesha iingxaki zeengcamango ze-informatics eziyinkimbinkimbi ezinokuba nzima ukuzenza. Le ntsibano ifaka uluhlu olubanzi lophando, ukususela ekuhlolisweni kwemibutho ukuya kuhlalutyo lweedasethi (umzekelo, uphando lwemhlaza). Ingasetyenziselwa ukuphuhlisa imodeli yokubikezela iiklinikhi, ezixhaswa yiirekhodi zezempilo ze-elektroniki (EHR). Abaphengululi ababini abavela kwiYunivesithi yasePittsburgh, uGregory Cooper kunye neShyam Visweswaran, okwangoku basebenzela ukuyila imizekelo yeekliniki yokubikezela ukusuka kwidatha esebenzisa ingqiqo yobuchule (AI), ukufunda imashishini (ML) kunye ne-Bayesian modeling. Umsebenzi wabo unokuba negalelo ekuphuhliseni imizekelo ethile yesigulane. Iimodeli eziye zibaluleke kakhulu kwiyeza zanamhlanje.
> Imithombo:
> UBernstam E, Smith J, uJohnson T. Iyintoni i-informatics ye-biomedical? J Biomed Yazisa . 2010; 43: 104-110.
> Friedman CP. "Iingqungquthela ezibalulekileyo" ze-Informatics Biomedical . I-J I-M Ikwazisa i-Assoc. 2009; 16: 169-170.
> Hunter J. Ukwandisa uFriedman "Iingqungquthela ezibalulekileyo ze-Informatics Biomedical Informatics" . I-J I-M Ikwazisa i-Assoc . 2010; 17 (1): 112.
> I-Visweswaran S, Cooper G. I- Instance-Specific Models Predictive Models . J Mach Learn Res . 2010; 11: 3333-3369.