Usulelo oluqhelekileyo lweViral oluxhunywa kwiCerical and Anal Analcer
I-papillomavirus yomntu (HPV) isifo esixhaphakileyo ngokwesondo namhlanje. Ngokwenene lenziwe ngama-virus anxulumene ne-150, anama-30 awo adibeneyo neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zomhlaza. Ngokuxhomekeke kwingxaki oye wavezwa kuyo, i-HPV inokubangela ukuba iilts kwiindawo ezahlukahlukeneyo zomzimba, kubandakanywa i-anus kunye nezitho zangasese, nangona abaninzi abanegciwane bangakwazi.
Akukho okwangoku akukho unyango lwe-HPV.
Abantu abangaphezu kwama-50 ekhulwini labantu abadala abaxhatshazwa ngokwesondo bakholelwa ukuba banesifo se-HIV kunye nenye intsholongwane, ngelixa ama-80 ekhulwini abesetyhini abasebenzelana ngesondo baya kubakho kwi-virus xa beba ngama-50.
Ngokwezibalo ezivela kumaziko okuLawula nokuLawula izifo, ama-cancer angaphezu kwama-30,000 e-United States ahlawuliswe ngqo kwi-HPV unyaka ngamnye. Ngoxa i-HPV ixhaphake ngokuqhelekileyo neengcingo zomhlaza wesibeleko kunye neengqungquthela zomhlaza (analesi eziyi-96 kunye neepesenti ezingama-93 zamatyala, ngokulandelanayo), uye wadibaniswa nomhlaza we-penile , umhlaza womlomo , kunye nomdlavuza wamaphaphu .
Umngcipheko wale ngqungquthela uhambelana, phakathi kwezinye izinto, uxinzelelo lwe-HPV kunye nendlela yokudluliselwa ngesondo. Ezinye izinto ezinobungozi, ezifana nokubhema kunye nezifo ezithathelwana ngesondo (eziquka i-HIV), zinokunyusa ukwanda komntu wokuba nomhlaza.
Ukuba wena okanye umntu obathandayo ufunyaniswe ne-HPV, kunokubangela uxinzelelo kunye ne-alarm, kodwa kukho izinto onokuzenza ukuze unganciphisi nje kuphela umngcipheko kodwa ugweme ukusasazeka kwintsholongwane. Kukho neempompo ezinokukunceda ukukhusela intsholongwane kwindawo yokuqala.
Ukufunda inyaniso yindlela yokuqala yokunciphisa umngcipheko wokusuleleka okanye ugula.
Iimpawu
Iimpawu ze-HPV , ukuba zivela, zivela ngendlela ebonakalayo ngendlela yokukhula kohlobo lwekholifulawa ebizwa ngokuba yi-warital warts. Iimfazwe zinokuthi zitheke. Zifumaneka okanye zijikeleze ubulili, i-anus, umlomo, nomqala, kunye ne-penis ne-groin. Ezi zikhula zingathabatha iiveki okanye neminyaka ukuba ziphuhlise emva kokubhenca kokuqala.
Ukungabikho kweemfazwe akuthethi ukuba uyacaca nge-HPV, nangona kunjalo. Iimfazwe zinokuthi zifakwe ngaphakathi ngaphakathi-kwaye, ngoko ke, akunakwenzeka ukuphawula-kwaye, kwezinye iimeko, kunokungabikho ukubonakaliswa ngokomzimba kwesi sifo.
Ngaloo ndlela, ukubonakala okanye ubukho be-wart (okanye ukusilela kwayo) akuyonto yindlela efanelekileyo yokufumanisa ukuba ngaba unesifo se-HPV okanye awuyiyo na into efanayo. Kuphela iimvavanyo zokuxilonga kunokukuxelela oko.
Izizathu
I-HPV ibangelwa ubulili besini, isilwane, okanye isondo ngomlomo kunye neqabane elinawo, kwaye ngubani osithumelayo, intsholongwane ngokuqhagamshelana nophuphu nolusu.
Uxinzelelo lwe-HPV yinto ebeka umngcipheko wokusuleleka kwintsholongwane yomhlaza. Iintambo zingabelana ngokubanzi kwiindidi ezimbini:
- Iingcinezelo ezingekho phantsi kobungozi zingabangela i-warts yezilwanyana kodwa zibhekwa "ezingekho kwi-oncogenic" kuba azihambelani nophuhliso lomhlaza wesibeleko okanye umhlaza womhlaza.
- Imiba ephezulu yengozi ibuhlungu kakhulu, njengoko ingabangela ukuba utshintsho lweeselintshi oluhlobene nomhlaza ( dysplasia ).
Ukuba iiflokhwe zivela, akuthethi ukuba ufumane umhlaza. Enyanisweni, uninzi lweemfazwe zesini somzimba zinobuhle kwaye aziyikwesaba.
Ukuxilongwa
Esinye sezixhobo eziphambili ze- HPV ukuxilongwa yiPap smear- kubini amadoda nabasetyhini. Iziphakamiso zokuxilonga ziyahluka nganye:
- Kubafazi, ukuhlolwa kweplvic kunye nePap smear yindlela efanelekileyo yokuchonga ukusuleleka kwe-HPV. Uvavanyo lwe-HPV, oluhlola i-virus yangempela, lunokwenziwa kwakhona.
- Kubantu , ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba kunye nePal smear engummangaliso kunokwenziwa; Oku kudlalwa kwintlanzana okanye amadoda angamaqabane abesengozini ephezulu engumhlaza womhlaza. Ngelishwa, akukho vavanyo lwe-HPV oluvunyiwe kumadoda. Ngaphezu koko, ukuhlolwa komhlaza wesibeleko akunakucetyiswa kunoma ubani ngaphandle, mhlawumbi, amadoda alalana namadoda (MSM) abandakanyekayo kwisondo esilumkileyo esilumkileyo.
Ukuba isalathisi sibonakala sikhankanya, ugqirha unokukwenza i- biopsy . Oku kuquka ukukhutshwa kwezicubu zokuhlalutya kwibra. I-biopsy iqhutshwa njengenxalenye yoviwo olubonakalayo lwe-cervix, isondo, kunye ne-vulva (usebenzisa i- colposcope ) okanye umsele wamanzi (usebenzisa i-anoscope).
Unyango
Ukunyangwa kwe-HPV kuya kuxhomekeka kwiimpawu kunye neziphumo zeklinikhi. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ugqirha uya kuthatha indlela yokulinda nokulinda kwaye acebise iimviwo zokulandelela rhoqo.
Nangona kaninzi kungabonakali kwaye kungakhululeki, uninzi lweengxabano zesini somzimba alubanga naziphi na iingxaki ezinkulu zempilo. Ininzi inokuphathwa kunyango kunye nama-creams echazwe ngugqirha. Ezinye iindlela ziquka ukuqhwala (cryotherapy), ukutshisa (cautery), okanye ukususa ngokugqithisileyo i-wart. Iindlela zonyango ze-Laser ne-trichloroacetic zifumaneka.
Ngokungafani nezinye iindidi zintsholongwane ezichaphazela ulusu, akukho mishanguzo yokulwa neyeza ekhoyo yokuphatha imilenze yomzimba.
Ukongezelela, ukususwa kwe-wart akubheki njengento yokunyanga. Ukususwa kuphazamisa nje uphawu, kungekhona intsholongwane. Kwezinye iimeko, i-wart ingabuya. Ngoko ke, injongo yokunyanga kukunyamekela iimeko ezinengxaki zokukhulelwa kwe-HPV kuquka ukuphuhliswa kweempi, i-dysplasia kunye nomhlaza.
Kwiimeko ezingalindelekanga ukuba umdlavuza ufunyaniswa, uya kuthunyelwa kwi-oncologist ukuze usulele isifo kwaye ugqibe isigqibo malunga nekhosi efanelekileyo yeyeza.
Thintelo
Ukukhusela i-HPV kukuphambili ekunciphiseni umngcipheko wakho wosulelo okanye ukusabalalisa intsholongwane.
Izenzo zesondo ezikhuselekileyo zinganciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokusasazwa. Oku kubandakanya ukugcina inani elincinci labalingani bezesondo kunye nokusetyenziswa ngokuthe rhoqo kweikhondom (nangona ngexesha locansi lomlomo).
Kukho neentlobo ezi-3 ezahlukeneyo zokugonya ezikhoyo ukukhusela amaninzi eengxaki eziphezulu zengozi ye-HPV:
- I-Cervarix , ekhusela i-HPV 16 ne-18
- I-Gardasil , ekhusela i-HPV 6, 11, 16 ne-18
- I-Gardasil 9, ekhusela i-HPV 6, 11, 13, 31, 33, 45, 52, no-58
Ukugonywa kwe-HPV akukhuthazwa kuwo wonke umntu. Kuqhelekileyo icebise ukuba amantombazana kunye namakhwenkwe avela kwiminyaka eyi-11 (nangona bancinane njengabafana nesithoba). Inokusetyenziswa rhoqo ukuya kwi-26 yobudala kubasetyhini kunye nama-21 kumadoda. Abantu abasengozini enkulu, njenge-MSM kunye nabantu abane-HIV, banokugonywa nanini na ubudala.
ILizwi
Nangona kungokwemvelo ukuziva ukhathazekile xa ubhekene nesigqabi somzimba, kubalulekile ukuba ungalokothi ucinge. Kunoko, khangela ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza kwaye ukhangele.
Inkqubo yokuxilongwa kwe-HPV ihamba ngokukhawuleza kwaye ingenabuhlungu. Kwaye ukuba uvavanyo oluhle, mhlawumbi ukuba lakho ityala alinzulu. Kwiimeko ezingenakwenzeka ukuba kunjalo, unyango olululo lwe-cancer olulandelayo lunika amaxabiso aphezulu kunyango xa luqala ekuqaleni.
Enye into ongazifanele uyenze ayiyihoyi i-wart yomzimba. Njengoko nayiphi na uhlobo lomhlaza, ukuxilongwa kwangaphambili kusoloko kuguqulela impumelelo enkulu yonyango.
> Imithombo:
> Amacandelo okuLawula nokuLawula izifo. "Zingaphi iisifo zeKhansela ezixhumene ne-HPV ngamnye unyaka?" I-Atlanta, eGeorgia; hlaziywa ngoMatshi 3, 2017.
> Meites, E .; I-Kempe, A .; kunye noMarkowitz, uL. "Ukusetyenziswa kweShedyuli ye-2-Dose ye-Human Papillomavirus Vaccination-Iziphakamiso ezihlaziyiweyo zeKomidi elicebisi malunga neMigudu yokuNgcwaba." I-MMWR I-Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2016; 65 (49); 1405-8.
> INational Cancer Institute. "Ikhonkco phakathi kwe-HPV kunye neCarcer." Rockville, Maryland; hlaziywa ngoDisemba 16, 2016.