I-Super Surveillance ifunekayo kwi-MSM njenge-Anal Cancer Rates
Kwiminyaka elishumi, abafazi baye bafumana inzuzo yovavanyo olunceda ukufumana umdlavuza wesibeleko kwiintshukumo zokuqala zentsholongwane. I-teknoloji, eyaziwa njengePap smear , igcine ubomi obungenakubalwa ngokuqinisekisa ukutholwa kwangaphambili kunye nokungenelela, ngokunciphisa ngokuphawulekayo iziganeko zokufa kwabafazi.
Namhlanje, iteknoloji landisiwe ukuze kutholakale kwangaphambili umhlaza wesibeleko kumadoda angama-gay kunye nabesilisa abafazi, kunye nabasetyhini abasetyhini.
Yintoni i-Anal Pap Smear?
I-Pap smear engumzekelo yolu vavanyo olufana ne-Pap smear yesisu ngokubhekiselele kwisesampula encinane yeeseli eqokelelwa kwi-anus ne-rectum. Emva koko bahlolwa ngaphantsi kwe-microscope ukuchonga naziphi na utshintsho ezakhiweyo kwiiseli. Ezi zinguqu zihlala zichongwa njengabaqaphambili kumhlaza wesibeleko, uhlobo lomhlaza ongathinteli ngokungafaniyo nabasetyhini kunye nabasetyhini.
Ikhonkco phakathi kwe-HPV kunye neCarcer
Umhlaza wesifo kunye nomhlaza wesibeleko zidibeneyo kunye ne- papillomavirus yabantu (HPV) , intsholongwane leyo leyo ingabangela ukuba i-warts yomzimba isasazeke ngokusuka kumntu kumntu ngokulala ngesondo.
Abasetyhini kunye nabasetyhini abane-HIV basengozini kakhulu kuba basengozini ephezulu yokusuleleka kwintsholongwane ye-HPV, engabonakalisa ngokunyuka kwama-40 kwengozi yomhlaza wesi sifo xa kuthelekiswa nomntu jikelele wase-US. Ngokungafani nezinye izifo ezithathelwana ngesondo, iikhondom azisebenzi ngokupheleleyo ekukhuseleni ukusasazeka kwegciwane.
Izifundo zibonisa ukuba iziganeko zesifo somhlaza wesibeleko siphezulu kakhulu kumadoda abelana ngesondo kunye namadoda (i-MSM) abane-HIV, kunye nobungqina obukhoyo obubonisa ukuba
- I-35 nganye ye-100,000 ye-MSM iya kuvelisa umdlavuza womhlaza.
- I-8 yabesifazane abayi-100 000 iya kuba nomhlaza wesibeleko,
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane kaGawulayo kuhambelana nomngcipheko ophezulu wokuphuhliswa kweentlobo ezininzi zomhlaza , ezibandakanya i-HIV kunye nabangenayo i-HIV.
Inkqubo ye-Anal Pap
I-Pap smear engumlwanyana iyakhawuleza, ayibuhlungu kwaye ilula. Ukusebenzisa i-Dacron swab, ugqirha uqokelela iisampuli zeselula kumngxube obulalayo ngokutyhawula yonke indawo ye-anus ne-rectum. Ezi sampulu zeeseluni zithunyelwa kwibhabhi apho ochwepheshe beza kuqala iisampulu baze bahlole phantsi kwe-microscope ukufumanisa nayiphi na utshintsho lwamaselula olungabonisa umdlavuza. Ngokuqhelekileyo kwiintsuku ezimbalwa, ugqirha uya kuba neziphumo kwaye akwazi ukuxoxa ngazo nawe.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuhlolwa okuchanekileyo, izikhokelo zibonisa ukuba izigulana zihambelana nokuba izilingo ezithile zithathwa iiyure ezingama-24 ngaphambi kokuba iP smear engumzekelo iqhutywe:
- Ungenalo isondo esilumkileyo
- Ungabeki nawaphi na ama-creams, ii-lubricants okanye amayeza kwi-anus yakho
- Ungangenisi ii-toys okanye ezinye izinto kwi-anus yakho
- Musa ukuthambisa okanye ukuthabatha
Uhlala Uninzi Kangakanani I-Anal Pap?
Sue Goldie, MD, MPH, umbhali we-PAP yophando kwi-Harvard School of Health Public ufumene ukuba ukuhlola abantu abesilisa nabesilisa abaneeminyaka emithathu kwiminyaka emithathu kuza kubonakalisa amaninzi amanqaku omhlaza womhlaza kwangaphambili-xa banako ukufumana unyango ngokubanzi.
Abanye oogqirha, nangona kunjalo, bancomela ama-pap smears anama-year for MSM, ngakumbi abo abane-HIV. Ngokwenxenye yabo, amaziko okuLawula noKhusela (CDC) kunye ne-US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) ngoku anganikeza naluphi na iziphakamiso malunga nokuhlolwa kwesikrini se-Pap yangasese kumadoda okanye ngabafazi.
Ukongeza kwi-MSM, nabani na abaneembali ze-anogenital and vulvovaginal condylomas (warts) kufuneka bahlolwe rhoqo. Jonga ukuba i-wart yomzimba ibonakala njani .
Ukuba i-Pap smear ayiqhelekanga, iiseli ezikwinqanaba elidala liza kuhlakulela izinto ezingavumelekanga, utshintsho olungaphambili oluthiwa yi- intraepithelial neoplasms . Olu tshintsho lugqithisa kancane kwaye, xa lugqitywa lingagqithwanga, lungaba ngumhlaza ongenawo.
Ukuba kukho utshintsho olungavamile, kuphandwa uphando olongezelelweyo kwaye, ukuba kubonisiwe, ukuchithwa kwe-laser ingasetyenziselwa ukususa izicubu ezichaphazelekayo.
Umthombo:
ISebe laseMelika leMfuyo yeMfuyo. "Anal Dysplasia kunye ne-HIV: Unonophelo olusisiseko lwabadala be-HIV." Oktobha 8, 2011; EWashington, DC; fi kelele ngoFebruwari 9, 2016.