Iintsholongwane ze-HIV kunye neengxaki ezingekho ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo
Iziganeko zomhlaza kubantu abaphila ne-HIV sele zixhalabele kwaye zijolise ekuphandeni uphando ngabaphandi bezobugcisa. Nangona i-risk -related cancer -defining cancer njenge- Kaposi sarcoma kunye ne-non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) iyancipha ngokukhawuleza ngenxa yokuphulukiswa kweyeza-antiretroviral , iziganeko zenye i-kansa zenyuka ngokukhawuleza.
Le ngqungquthela engeyona ingculaza namhlanje ibonwa njengeyona nto ibangela ukufa kwabantu abane-HIV kwilizwe eliphuhlisiweyo, ngokutsho kophando oluvela kwi-Swiss HIV Cohort Study. Iziphumo zeentlondi ezifana nomhlaza wamaphaphu kunye nomhlaza womhlaza ngoku usebenza kwindawo ephakamileyo ukusuka kumaxesha amathathu ukuya kuma-50 aphezulu kunabantu bonke.
AIDS-Defining Cancers
Ekuqaleni kwee-1980, uhlobo olunqabileyo lomdlavuza wesikhumba obizwa ngokuba nguKapasi sarcoma (apho, kude kube yilelo xesha, kwaye yabathintela amadoda asebekhulile aseMpuma Yurophu) phakathi kweqela lezonyango ezibonwa ngabantu abafumene abane-HIV. ngo-1981. Kungekudala emva kwexesha, kungekhona i-Hodgkin lymphoma kunye ne- cervical cervical carcinoma (ICC) eyongeziweyo kwoluhlu njengama-cancer afunyanwa ngu-AIDS-defining.
Ngoqaliso lwe- antiretroviral therapy (ART) ngo-1996, umhlaba washintsha ngokuphawulekayo. Ejongene ne-regimen yezidakamizwa ezingokuphelisa ngokupheleleyo intsholongwane kunye nokubuyisela umzimba womzimba, iziganeko zeCapasi kunye ne-NHL zehla malunga nama-50%, ngelixa i-ICC ihlala ingaphezulu-okanye ingaphantsi ingatshintshiyo nanamhla.
(Isizathu salokhu asiqondi kakuhle nangona abanye bekholelwa ukuba iintlobo ezithile ze- papillomavirus zabantu (HPV) ezincinci ezingapheliyo ezibangelwa ngumhlaza wesibeleko-zibangelwa ikakhulukazi kwabasetyhini abane-HIV.)
Nangona zininzi zezi nkqubela phambili, abantu abane-HIV basenokuba ngamathuba asixhenxe ukuba bahlakulele i-ICC, amaxesha angama-65 amathuba okuphucula i-NHL, kunye namaxesha angaphezu kwama-300 ngaphezulu kunokuphuhlisa i-Kaposi sarcoma kunezinye ezingafani nabangenayo.
Ukuchazwa kweKhansela engekho-AIDS
Ngokunyuka okukhulu kwithuba lokuphila ngenxa ye-ART kunye nokuguga ngokukhawuleza kwentsholongwane kaGawulayo, abaphandi baqala ukubona ezinye iintlobo zeekhenya ezibonakala rhoqo kwiindawo ezine-HIV. Ixesha eliye lenzeke kulo lenze abaninzi bakholelwe ukuba kukho inxibelelaniso ye-HIV kunye neentlobo ezithile zomhlaza.
Kweminye yale mihla, njengomhlaza womhlaza , ikhonkco ibonakala icace. Ngaphandle kokungabonakali e-US, ngamacala angaphezu kwama-20 000 abizwe phakathi ko-1980 no-2005, umhlaza womhlaza namhlanje ngumhlaza wesine oqhelekileyo ofumana abantu abane-HIV. Ngaphezu koko, abantu abasetyhini okanye abesilisa abane-HIV abane-HIV banokuba nethuba elingaphezu kwama-60 elikhulu lokufumana umhlaza wesibeleko kunabantu abangenasifo.
Ngokufanayo, isifo sikaHodgkin (uhlobo lomhlaza wegazi olufana ne-non-Hodgkin lymphoma) luphakathi kwamahlanu ukuya kwimizuzu engama-10 ekunokwenzeka ukuchaphazela abantu abane-HIV, ngelixa umhlaza wesihloko / umsila kunye nomhlaza wesibindi, ngokulandelanayo, ezisibhozo kunye nesithoba kwenzeka.
Yonke into echazwe, isifo somdlavuza, umlomo, umphimbo, imiphunga, isibindi, izintso, umlomo wesibeleko, i-anus kunye ne-lymph tissue zibonakala zingabandakanyekanga abantu abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo.
(Kwiflip side, abantu abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo abonakala bengabikho mngcipheko ophezulu wokuphuhliswa kweekhensi zebele, ama-ovari, i-bladder, i-prostate, i-colon okanye i-rectum.)
Iingxaki zengozi eyanda
Ezinye iintlobo-ntsholongwane ziboniswe ukuba zenze igalelo ekungciphekweni kwengozi, njengaleyo phakathi kwe-hepatitis C kunye nomhlaza wesibindi; I-HPV kunye nomhlaza wesibeleko somlomo wesibeleko; kunye ne- Epstein Barr nesifo sesifo sikaHodgkin.
Okwangoku, izinto zokuphila kwendabuko, njengokubhema notywala, zingaphinde zenze ingozi, ingakumbi ngemiphunga yemiphunga okanye isifo somhlaza.
Okubaluleke ngakumbi, mhlawumbi, inxaxheba yeHIV ngokwayo. Nangona siyazi ukuba i-HIV ayibangele ngqo umdlavuza, ukuvuvukala okuqhubekayo okunxulumene nosulelo kubonakala kudibaniswa ngokuthe ngqo kwizinga eliphezulu lokungena kwezabelo.
Oku kubonakala kuyinyaniso nangona izigulane zihlala kwi-ART kunye nemithwalo engabonakaliyo yentsholongwane .
Uphando namhlanje lucebisa kakhulu ukuba ukuvuvukala okuqhubekayo, kwinqanaba eliphantsi, kunokudala umva omzimba. Oku kutshabalalisa (okubizwa ngokuba yi-senescence ngaphambi kwexesha) kuthathwa njengendalo kwimvelo yabantu abadala. Nangona kunjalo, ukuguga okubangelwa yi-HIV, ukuguga kwangaphambi kokukhawuleza kungekhona nje ukukhawuleza ixesha lokuthatha umhlaza, kwenza njalo kunye nezinye iimeko ezinxulumene nokuguga, ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo kwintlungu yokubola kwesifo senhliziyo .
Indlela yokunciphisa ingozi yakho yomhlaza
Isisitshixo ekunciphiseni ingozi yomhlaza yi-diagnostic yokuqala kunye nonyango lwe-HIV. Ukuqaliswa kwe- ART ngethuba lokuxilongwa kunokugcina okanye ukubuyisela umzimba omzimba ngexesha lokunciphisa umngcipheko wezinye iintsholongwane malunga nama-50 ekhulwini.
Ezinye iziphakamiso zabantu abane-HIV ziquka:
- Ukuhlolwa kwep smear yonyaka ngomhlaza wesibeleko
- I-Hepatitis B kunye nokuhlolwa kwe- hepatitis C
- Uvavanyo lwe- pap smear lwamaxesha asemgangathweni olwenziwe ngamadoda abesilisa nabasetyhini okanye abesilisa abanezilwanyana okanye nawuphi na umntu onama-warts anal
- I-HPV yokugonywa kwabasetyhini abaneminyaka eyi-11 ukuya ku-26, abesilisa abaneminyaka engama-11 ukuya ku-21, amadoda abesondo ngokwesini abaneminyaka engama-22 ukuya kuma-26 ubudala, okanye amadoda angama-immunosuppressed age of 22 to 26.
- Ukuyeka ukutshaya
- Ukunciphisa utywala, ngakumbi kubantu abane-hepatitis B okanye C
- Iinkqubo zesondo ezikhuselekileyo zokukhusela i-hepatitis C kunye ne-HPV
- Olunye uvavanyo lweemvavanyo zesifo somhlaza njengalathiswa ngugqirha wakho
Imithombo:
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I-Crum-Cianflone, N., MD; UHuppler Hullsiek, K., PhD; Vincent Marconi, Vm MD, et al. "Iintlobo zeNtsholongwane yamaKhansela Phakathi kwabantu abane-HIV kunye nefuthe le-Antiretroviral Therapy: Uvavanyo lweeNyaka ezingama-20." AIDS , 2009; 23 (1): 41-50.
Shiyeli, M; Pfeiffer, R .; Gail, M., et al. Umthwalo weNtsholongwane kwiNtsholongwane kaGawulayo e-United States. I-XVIII INgqungquthela ye-AIDS yehlabathi lonke, iVienna Abstract WEAB0101, 2010.
Nguyen, M .; Farrell, K .; kunye no-Gunthel C. "Ukungabikho-AIDS-Ukuchaza izigulane kwizigulane ezineNTSholongwane kaGawulayo kwi-HAART Era. Ingxelo Yonyango Esulelekayo. Ja nuwari 2010; 12 (1): 46-55.
Chao, C; Leyden, W .; Xu, L., et al. "Ukuboniswa kwiphilisi ye-antiretroviral kunye nomngcipheko womhlaza kubantu abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo." AIDS. NgoNovemba 13, 2012; 26 (17): 2223-31.