Umngcipheko weK cancer unamaxesha angaphezu kwama-150 kumadoda angama-gay abane-HIV
Sibanzi
Umdlavuza wohlalutyo unenkxalabo ekhohlakeleyo kunye nokukhulayo phakathi kwabantu abaphila ne-HIV, abaninzi abantu abesilisa nabasemlonyeni. Iimpawu ziqala ngokuzenzekelayo ekuqaleni, ngokuqhelekileyo ngokuzulazula malunga ne-anus, kufana nokutshitshisa kungahle kudibanise neziqhumane.
Kamva kunokuba kubuhlungu okanye kubonakalise iimpawu zokuphuma kwamanzi. Ekugqibeleni, i-lesion yomhlaza ingavulwa, ekhokelela ekuthiwa yi-draodage.
Ngelishwa, le ngongoma xa abaninzi abantu banqwenela ukubona ugqirha, ngexesha apho umhlaza udla phambili.
I-Cancer ichazwa njengokukhula okungavamile kweeseli eziqhubeka ziphindaphinda ngaphandle kwendlela yezinto eziphilayo zokuyeka. Umhlaza wesifo ngumonakalo owenzeka kwi-anus, ngokubonakala ngokubonakalisa nge-lesion tumorous. Amanqamzana ahlalutyo athambekele ekuphuhliseni kwiimpawu ze-mucosal ze-anus okanye emanzini omdala adibanisa nesikhumba.
Umhlaza wesifo ngumdla wokukhathazeka phakathi kwabantu abaphila ne-HIV. Kulo lonke uluntu, umdlavuza womhlaza uthathwa njengengqabileyo, efumaneka malunga nabantu abayi-100,000. Nangona kunjalo, kumadoda alala neendoda (MSM) , iziganeko zenyukela kumaqondo angama-144 kwi-100,000. Ngaphezu koko, i-MSM abane-HIV banokuphindwa kabili ukuba banomdlavuza wesiliva kune-MSM abangenayo i-HIV.
Nangona asiyiqondi ngokupheleleyo ukuba kutheni le nto, kukholelwa ukuba ukuvutha okungapheliyo okuchaphazelekayo nokusuleleka kwi-HIV ngokoqobo kusetyenziswa iseli ngaphambi kwexesha layo.
Xa oko kwenzeka, siza kufumana ama-cancer aphuhliswayo kubantu abanentsholongwane ye-HIV ukuya kwi-10 ukuya kwe-15 ngaphambi kokuba bafikelele kubantu bonke. Umhlaza wesifo unomdla phakathi kweengqimba ezininzi ezikholelwa ukuba zinxulumene nale.
Izinto zobungozi
Kukho ubudlelwane obusondeleyo phakathi komhlaza wesibeleko kunye ne- papillomavirus yabantu (HPV) , intsholongwane engabangeli kuphela iimvulo zomzimba kodwa ihambelana nokuphuhliswa komhlaza wesibeleko.
Ukongeza kwi-HPV kunye ne-HIV, iziganeko zobungozi eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya ukutshaya, amaqabane amaninzi ezesondo, isondo lesilumkiso esilumkileyo , umlando weemvumba, kunye ne-fistula okanye i-fistula.
Izimpawu kunye neMpawu
Enye yezinto ezenza umdlavuza womntu unobungozi kukuba abantu abaninzi babonisa ambalwa, ukuba kukho na, iimpawu ngaphambi kokuxilongwa. Okumalunga noko kunjalo, abantu baya kubambezela ukumbona ugqirha ngenxa yokuhlazeka, ngakumbi ukuba iimpawu azibonakali zinzulu.
Ukuba iimpawu zikhoyo ziquka:
- Iimfazwe kwi-anus okanye kwizitho zangasese
- Izilonda okanye ukuxhamla kwi-anus okanye kwinqanawa elungileyo
- Ukutshiza kunye neenxa ye-anus
- Ukukhutshwa okanye ukuphuma kwi-anus
- Ubuhlungu okanye uxinzelelo malunga ne-anus
- Iindawo ezibuhlungu ezijikeleze i-anus ngokungabikho kwee-bumps ezibonakalayo okanye izilonda
- Vula izilonda ezungeze i-anus engaphilanga
Ukuxilongwa
Iingcali ezininzi ngoku zincoma ukuba umhlaza wesiqhelo somhlaza wabantu uhlaselwe ngabantu abasengozini enkulu. Iimvavanyo eziphakanyisiweyo ziquka ukuhlolwa kwe-visual and digital, kunye ne- Pap smear .
Olu lugqithatha lithatha i-swab yamaseli avela kwi-anus kwaye iwahlola phantsi kwe-microscope ukuchonga utshintsho lwamaselula oluhambelana nomhlaza wesibeleko. I-smears engavumelekanga i-Pap smears ngokuqhelekileyo ilandelwa kunye ne-orcopy high resolution (ububanzi bendawo) okanye i-biopsy.
Unyango
Unyango lomhlaza wesifo luxhomeke kakhulu ekuqhubekeni komhlaza. Emva kokuvavanya ukujonga isigaba sesifo, isicwangciso sonyango senziwa ne-oncologist eqinisekisiwe ebhodini.
Kwimeko ye- squamous cell carcinoma (i-SCC) , i-chemotherapy kunye ne-rayation ihlala iphakanyiswa njengonyango lokuqala. Kwimeko apho i- adenocarcinoma , unyango lunokuquka ukuhlinzwa.
Thintelo
Ekubeni i-HPV ithathwa njengeyona nto inobungozi bokuphuhliswa komhlaza womhlaza, ukukhusela kufuneka kujoliswe ikakhulu kwi-HPV yokuphepha. Ukugonya kwe-HPV kunconywa kubantwana nabancinci, banikezelwa ngamatye amathathu kwiinyanga ezintandathu.
Amaziko okuLawula nokuLawulwa kwezifo ngoku ancomela ukugonya kula maqela alandelayo:
- Bonke abantwana 11 okanye 12 ubudala
- Amakhwenkwe kunye namantombazana asetsheni awazange aqalise okanye aqede i-HPV uchungechunge xa beselula
- Abasetyhini abaselula abaneminyaka engama-26
- Amadoda amancinci aneminyaka eyi-21
- MSM uneminyaka engama-26
- Amadoda abane-HIV abangazange baqalise okanye baqedele iichungechunge lwe-HPV lokugonya xa beselula
Abantu abasengozini kakhulu bayakucetyiswa ukuba basebenzise ikhondom ngokuhlangana kunye nesondo ngasinye kunye nokunciphisa inani labalingani bezesondo.
Ukongezelela, nabani na abaneembali zezilonda ezinobungozi kufuneka bahlolwe rhoqo. Ipap ye-anal iyakwazi ukubona utshintsho lwamaselula olululo oluhambelana nokuphuhliswa komhlaza womhlaza, ukuvumela ukungenelela kwangaphambili nokunciphisa ingozi yokuqhubela phambili kwezifo.
> Imithombo:
> Amacandelo okuLawula nokuLawula izifo. "IiVVV Vaccines: Ukugonya I-Yourteen Ten and Teen". Atlanta, Georgia; ukufikelela kwiDisemba 7, 2015.
> Isebe Lemicimbi Yezilwanyana. "Anal Dysplasia kunye ne-HIV: Unonophelo olusisiseko kwiimfazwe ze-HIV." EWashington, DC; fi kelele ngoNovemba 25, 2016.
> I-Goldstone, S. "Ubuninzi bezinto ezijongene nobungozi be-Papillomavirus yabantu (HPV) Ukusuleleka phakathi kwabantu abane-HIV-Seronegative Abalala Ngabantu." I-Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2011; 203 (1): 66-74.
> Hleyhel, M .; Belot, A .; Bouvier, A., et al. "Ingozi ye-AIDS-defining canceres in HIV-1 (I-1992-2009): iziphumo ezivela kwi-FHDH-ANRS CO4." Umbhalo we-International AIDS Society. & Novemba 11, 2012; 15 (4).