Iingxaki ekuphatheni uhlobo olungavamile lomdlavuza wekolon
Umdlavuza oqhelekileyo ligama elisetyenziselwa ukuchaza uluhlu olubanzi lwezonyango zomhlaza ezichaphazela i-colon kunye / okanye i-rectum.
Kwezi ntlobo ezahlukeneyo , kukho enye ebonakalayo njengefom yeprayimenti echaphazela abantu abangama-125,000 baseMerika ngonyaka. Kubizwa ngokuba yi-adenocarcinoma kunye nama-akhawunti angama-95 ekhulwini kuwo onke ama-cancer angama-colorectal e-USKongezelela kwi-adenocarcinoma ye-classic (AC), kukho ii-subtypes eziqhelekileyo eziqhelekileyo ezibizwa ngokuthi:
- adenocarcinoma ye-mucinous (MAC)
- i-ringet-ring cell carcinoma (SRCC)
Kula macandelo, i-MAC ibonakala rhoqo kwaye i-akhawunti iphakathi kwe-10 ne-15 ekhulwini yazo zonke i-cancer e-colorectal.
Ukuqonda i-Adenocarcinoma
I-Adenocarcinoma ibhekisela ngqo kwiidlers ezichaphazela iiseli ezigubungelayo kwimvelo. "I-Adeno-" yinto yokuqala okanye "i-gland" ngelixa "-carcinoma" ligama elisetyenziswe ukuchaza umdlavuza oqala kancinci okanye kwiishubhu ezihamba kumalungu.
I-Adenocarcinomas ithuthuka kuba ikoloni yenziwe yinkonzo enkulu yeengqungquthela ezikhonza imisebenzi emibini ebalulekileyo:
- ukufumanisa amanzi ukusuka emanzini abuyele egazini
- ukufakela i-mucus kwi-colon ukwenzela ukuba i-lubricate feces ifakwe emzimbeni
Ukuba ezi iiseli azikwazi ukuvelisa i-mucus epheleleyo, umgca wekholoni unokonakaliswa njengezitifiketi ezingabonakaliyo kwaye ziwonakalise. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, oku kungakhokelela kumonakalo kumgangatho wezofuzo, okwenza ukuba iiseli zanda ngokungaqhelekanga ngaphandle kwanoma iyiphi indlela yokukhusela okanye ukuphindaphinda.
Yiyo le nto ebangela ukubunjwa kwe-adenocarcinoma.
I-Adenocarcinoma Enobunzima ihluke njani
I-adenocarcinoma engummangaliso (MAC) ihluke kwi-adenocarcinoma (AC) ngokubhekiselele ekubeni ingavela kwimvelaphi efanayo yezofuzo kodwa, endaweni yokuvelisa i-muscus encinane, ivelisa ngaphezulu.
I-MAC ibonakaliswe ngokubunjwa kwe-tumor eline-50% ye-mucin.
I-Mucin ayinayo i-secus kwi-se, kodwa kunokuba i-glycoprotein icandelo le-mucus kunye nezinye izifo zomzimba (njengama-saliva nobisi lwebele). Le ngxenyana ye-mucinous ininzi ikholelwa ukuba incedisa isisu esasasazeka ngokugqithiseleyo njengoko sihamba ngaphaya kweendonga zesisu kumathambo athile.
Ngaloo ndlela, i-MAC sele ithathwa njengoluhlobo olunefuthe lwe-AC kunye nokuba luncinane kakhulu lwamkela unyango. Ezi zombini zeenkolelo zisaphikisana ngokubanzi phakathi kwabaphandi, abanye babo bacinga ukuba asikho isantya sokuphuhliswa kodwa kunokuba isithuba xa kuqhutywe isisu esiphumela kwiziphumo ezihluphekayo.
Kukho ubungqina bokuxhasa oku. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-MAC ifunyaniswa kwizigaba eziphambili zesifo. Oku kubangelwe, kwinqanaba, ukuba iimvumi ezinamaqhina zinomlinganiselo ogqithiseleyo wokuba u-tumors "oqhelekileyo" kwaye akaqheleki ukufunyanwa kude kube zikhulu kwaye zichazwe ngakumbi.
Nangona xa kufunyanwe kwangaphambili, isimo somzimba esichazwe kakuhle kunye nomngcele sikwenza kube nzima nakwabahlengikazi abanamava ukuba bafike ngokufanelekileyo .
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-MAC ine-molecular epheleleyo "isayineli" ngaphandle kwe-AC. Ngoxa esingazi ukuba oku kuhambelana nokunyuka kwesifo - kunokuthi okanye akunjalo-siyazi ukuba umdlavuza we-mucinous uhlala ungabi ncinane ukuzinza ngokwemvelo (imeko esibhekisela kuyo njengokungazinzi kwe- microsatellite ) kunomdlavuza ongabonakaliyo.
Lezi zizabelo zixanduva lokubangela ukuveliswa kwemveliso okanye i-mucin. I-mucin, kwakhona, yenza umqobo onokuthi uthintele imithi ye-chemotherapy esuka kumaseli omhlaza aphumelelayo. Ngamafutshane, i-chemo ingenako ukufumana apho ifuna khona.
ILizwi
Nangona kucacile i-adenocarcinoma ye-mucinous ineempawu ezahlukileyo ezenza kube nzima ukuxilonga (kwaye kunokukhokelela kumaxesha okuphila okufutshane), kukho izinto esiyaziyo ezihambelana nokuphuhliswa kwayo:
- ubudala
- ngumfazi
- imbali yezifo ezikhukhulayo (IBD), ezifana nesifo sikaCrohn okanye i-ulcerative colitis
- kwimbali ye-pelvic okanye isifo se-radiation
Ukuba kukho nayiphi na impawu zokuqala zomhlaza kwaye unembali yentsapho yesi sifo, kubalulekile ukuthatha amanyathelo angaphezulu xa uphando oluphambene nalo lungahambelani. I-MAC idla ngokulula ukuphosoka ngexesha le-biopsy kwaye inokubonwa lula ngokusebenzisa i-IMRI) yamagnetic resonance .
Unganqikazi ukucela uphando olongezelelweyo xa iimpawu ziqhubeka okanye ziba nzima. Ngenye indlela, unokufumana uluvo lwesibini kwi-specialist ye-MEC ne-SRCC.
> Imithombo
- > I-National Cancer Institute: iiNational Institutes of Health. "I-Cancer Stat Facts: I-Colon ne-Rectum Cancer". EBethesda, eMaryn; 2017.
- > Numata, M .; Shiozawa, M .; Watanabe, T .; okqhubekayo. "Iimpawu zeklinikopathological ze-colorectal mucinous adenocarcinoma kunye nesicwangciso sonyango sesifo." Igalelo Yehlabathi Ye-Oncology Yokugonywa. 2012; I-10: INGXELO: 10.1186 / 1477-7819-10-109.