Inkcazo yeColorectal Cancer
Umdlavuza oqhelekileyo ligama elibhekiselele kumhlaza ofunyenwe kwikolon kunye / okanye kwi-rectum . I-Cancer kwi-colon ifom xa iiseli ezihamba nge-colon mutate ziqala ukukhula ngokungavamile. Uninzi lweentlobo zomdlavuza wekolon ziqala xa iibhola ezikwindonga yamathumbu zibizwa ngokuthi i- polyps ziqala ukukhula.
Iipolisi zingaba ngumhlaza kwaye zisasaze ngekoloni kwaye zibe zizitho kunye nezakhiwo ezikufuphi. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba i-polyp itholakala kwaye isuswe-eyenziwa lula ngexesha le- colonoscopy- ayikho ithuba lokuguqula umdlavuza.
> Khangela indlela ama-polyps abonakala ngayo kwikoloni.
Umdlavuza weColon ngowomdlavuza wesithathu oqhelekileyo eUnited States, yingakho i-US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) uncoma ukuhlolisiswa kwabo bonke abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 kunye nabani na omnye ocinga ukuba usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuphuhlisa eso sifo.
Kubantu abakwinqanaba lomngcipheko, umhlaza wekoloni uthatha ixesha elide ukuphuhlisa. Kwabo basemgangathweni omkhulu, njengalezo ezinezifo zesibindi (IBD) , ukuphonononga kungadinga ukuba kubekho rhoqo kwaye kufuneka kuxoxwa ngayo ne-gastroenterologist.
Umhlaza wesiqhelo unokuqala naphi na kwikholoni. Ifom yezona ziqhelekileyo zibizwa ngokuthi i- adenocarcinoma kwaye ziquka iiseli ezihamba emathunjini kunye nokukhulula amanzi.
I sigama
Igama elithi "umdlavuza ombala" kunye "nomdlavuza wekolon" unokudideka kuba badla ngokusetyenziswa ngokuchanekileyo. Oku kwenzeka kwiofisi yegqirha, kwinqaku ebhaliweyo kwizigulane, nakwiimviwo zophando ezibhalelwe oogqirha. Igama elithi " umhlaza womhlaza " lucacile-ngokuqhelekileyo lisetyenziselwa ukubhekisela kumdlavuza kwi-rectum, eyona nto yokugqibela yamathumbu amakhulu kwaye exhunywe kwi-anus.
Umdlavuza weColon kunye nomhlaza wesibeleko bavame ukuhlanganiswa kwiinjongo zophando okanye ukuvavanya amayeza ekubeni ezi zimbini zineempawu ezininzi eziqhelekileyo kwaye i-rectum iyinxalenye yekholoni.
Nangona kunjalo, xa kuxubusha ukuxilongwa komhlaza wekolon okanye umhlaza wesibeleko kunye nodokotela, kubalulekile ukuba uqonde ukuba kuphi umhlaza kunye nokuba yeyiphi isigaba somhlaza . Ezi zinto ziyakuchaphazela ukhetho lwonyango.
I-Anatomy yeColon
I-rectum yincenye yekolon, kwaye izitho zombini zombini zibizwa ngokuba ngumathumbu omkhulu. Ikholoni itholakala kwijikelezo yesisu kwaye inamamitha amahlanu ubude. Ikholoni yahlula ngamacandelo amaninzi:
- Ukunyuka kwekhaloni
- Ikholoni ehambayo
- Ukuhla kwekoloni
- Sigonid colon
I-rectum iyimilinganiselo engama-intshi ezintandathu ukuya kwe-12 kwaye iphakathi kwe-colmo sigimoid kunye ne- anus . I-Stool igcinwe kwi-rectum ide ikulungele ukukhutshwa emzimbeni ngokusebenzisa intshukumo yokuhamba .
Ukongezelela, i-colon inokuthi ikhulunywe malunga nokuba neendawo ezimbini: i-proximal and distal. Ukuxhomekeka kwinqanaba lokuqala eliqhotyoshelwe kumathumbu amancinci (nge-valve) kunye ne-distal yecandelo lesibini eliqhotyoshelwe kwi-rectum.
Inkunkuma ihamba ukusuka kwikoloni ehamba phambili ukuya kwi-colal distal ukuya kwi-rectum kwaye ishiya umzimba ngokusebenzisa i-anus.
Abantu abane-IBD abanemeko ekolon bayakwazi ukuvelisa umdlavuza wekolon. Ukuba ne-IBD esebenzayo kwikoloni ixesha elide kunokunyusa ingozi. Uninzi lwabantu abane-IBD, nangona kunjalo, aluyi kuba nomdlavuza wekoloni.
Izinto zobungozi
Kukho imiba emingcipheko enxulumene nomhlaza omninzi. Ezinye azikwazi ukutshintshwa ngelixa ezinye zijongene neenguqu zokuphila . Imiba enjalo mngcipheko iquka:
- Umdala ongaphezu kwama-50
- Iipolitiki zeepoloni
- Ukusela utywala ngokugqithiseleyo
- Amalungu omndeni onomdlavuza wekoloni
- Ukuba ne-IBD (isifo sikaCrohn kunye nesifo sezilonda zesilonda)
- I-fat-fat, i-fiber ephantsi
- Imbali yomntu wezinye umdlavuza
- Ukutshaya okanye ukusetyenziswa kwecuba
Abantu abane-IBD kufuneka baxoxe ngomngcipheko wabo wesibeleko kunye ne-gastroenterologist kwaye basebenze ishedyuli yokucoca .
Ukuhlola
Abantu abane-IBD baya kuba nokuvavanya rhoqo, njenge-colonoscopy, ephindwe kabini njengokhenketho lomhlaza wekoloni. Oku kuyimfuneko ngenxa yengozi yokwanda.
Nangona kunjalo, kukho ezinye iindawo zokujonga izinto ezingasetyenziselwa kwakhona, ngokukodwa ukujonga ngokuqhelekileyo kubantu abangenayo IBD. Ezinye zezo zivavanyo ziquka:
I-Canon yeColon ngokumelene ne-Cancer Cancer
Umhlaza wesiqhelo ungabhekisela kumdlavuza kwikholoni okanye umhlaza kwi-rectum. Kukho, ke, kukho ukungafani phakathi kwabo-ngokukodwa kubandakanyeka kunyango kunye nokunyanzeliswa-kuquka:
- Chemotherapy. Kwimigangatho yangaphambili yomdlavuza wekoloni (izigaba 1 no-2 ngokukodwa), ukukhanya kwemitha kunye ne- chemotherapy akunakunikwa. Umhlaza wesifo somhlaza, i-chemotherapy ingasetyenziswa kwinqanaba 1.
- Epidemiology. Oku kubhekisela kwizifo ezininzi ezenzeka kubantu abathile, njengamadoda ngokubhekiselele kubafazi. Bobabini bendoda bahlakulela umdlavuza wekoloni ngokulinganayo , kodwa amadoda athambekele ekufumaneni umhlaza wesibeleko ngokuphindaphindiweyo kunabesifazane.
- Metastasis ephakathi. Xa umhlaza usasazeka ngaphandle kwelungu apho uvela khona, ubizwa ngokuba ngumhlaza wesifo se-metastatic . Umdlavuza ophezulu unomngcipheko ophezulu wokusasaza kwiqumrhu elide okanye i-lymph node.
-
Funda Nge-Ring Signal I-Cell Adenocarcinoma ye-Colon ne-Rectum
-
Iintlobo zeColon Polyps kunye Nento Omele Uyazi Ngazo
- Uphuhliso lwengingqi. Umhlaza osemgangathweni unomngcipheko omkhulu wokuqhubela phambili kwendawo, oko kuthetha ukuba unokusasazeka kwi-anus, bladder, pelvis, amathambo e-pelvic, okanye izitho zokuzala.
- I midiyo. Izaphulo zisetyenziselwa ukunciphisa umdlavuza wekolon kwaye kaninzi ukuba nomhlaza wesibeleko. Kwimigangatho yesifo somhlaza wesi-2 okanye i-3, umbane ungasetyenziswa kokubili nangemva kokuhlinzwa.
- Ukuhlinzwa. Utyando oluqhelekileyo olwenzelwe umhlaza wekoloni luyintengiso. Le yinkqubo apho inxalenye echaphazelekayo yekolon nayo nayiphi na isishukela somhlaza isuswe kwaye iziphelo eziphilileyo zomathumbu zihlanganiswe ndawonye. Kwimihlaza yomhlaza, utyando luya kuba nzima kunokuba kunzima ukufikelela kunye nokususa amangqamuzana omhlaza ngaphandle kokuchaphazela ezinye izitho.
- Ostomy. Ngokuchasene nenkolelo eninzi, abaninzi abantu abanomdlavuza wekolon akudingeki ukuba babe ne-colostomy esigxina. Emva kokuhlinzwa okwenziwe nge-colectomy , kuyimfuneko ukugqoka i-external appliance kwisisu ukuze uqokelele inkunkuma. Abanye abantu abanomdlavuza wekoloni banokuba ne-colostomy yesikhashana, ezayo emva koko, kwaye iprojekthi yangaphandle ayisadingeki. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kunjalo, ukufuna utyando lwe-ostomy kwimeko yomhlaza wesibeleko. Oku kuyinyani ukuba i-anus kufuneka isuswe. Ngaphandle kwayo, isitofu ayikwazi ukubanjelwa emzimbeni (i-continence).
ILizwi
Umhlaza oqhelekileyo ngokuqinisekileyo isifo esinzima ukucinga. Kwaye ukuxilongwa kwe-colon okanye umhlaza wesibeleko kuya kufuna unyango olunzulu kunye neenguqu zokuphila. Nangona kunjalo, ireyiti yomhlaza ogqithisileyo unqabileyo njengabantu abaninzi abasengozini yokuba bahlolwa.
Umhlaza wesiqhelo unokuthintelwa okanye ukufunyanwa kwangaphambi kokuhlola, ngokukodwa nge-colonoscopy. Ngale mpuphu ekuhlolweni kunye nokunyanga okukhoyo, amazinga okunyanga komhlaza ogqithisileyo aphakanyiswa njengokuba uneminyaka emibili neminyaka emihlanu yokusinda. Ekubeni ukusetyenziswa kweemvavanyo zeeselom-based based stool, ezithatha isithembiso sokwenza ukuphonononga ngokukhawuleza kwaye kuncinci. Ixesha elizayo liqaqambile ukukhusela umdlavuza, ukufumanisa kwangaphambili, kunye neziphumo zonyango olululo.
> Imithombo:
> I-American Cancer Society. "Yintoni iCrorectal Cancer?" Cancer.org 20 Jan 2016.
> Bartlett DL, Chu E. "Ngaba I-Canast Colorectal Cancer Can Can Cure?" I- ONCOLOGY . 15 uMatshi 2012.
> Ho ML, Liu J, Narra V. "Ukufanekisa kweMagnetic Resonance of Cancer Rectal." Klinikhi Colon Rectal Surg . Ngo-2008 Agasti; 3: 178-187.
> INational Cancer Institute. "I-Colon Cancer Treatment (PDQ) -Ingxelo Yezobuchwephesha." Cancer.gov 29 Jan 2016.
> INational Cancer Institute. "I-Cancer Treatment (Rectal Cancer Treatment) (PDQ).