Unyango olubhekiselelwe kubukhulu, isigaba, kunye nendawo yesikhumba
Umdlavuza weColon ngumhlaza wesithathu oqhelekileyo e-US, uqikelele kwiimeko ezili-110 000 ngonyaka. Ngokudabukisayo, yinto yesibini ehamba phambili ebangela ukufa kwabantu abachaphazeleka ngumhlaza phakathi kwamadoda nabasetyhini.
Ixesha lomdlavuza wekolon ngamanye amaxesha lisetyenziselwa ukutshatyalaliswa komhlaza ongqambileyo , ekugqibeleni oko kubandakanya zombini i-colon kunye ne-rectum ecaleni. Iingcingo ezichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo i-rectum, ama-40,000 matyala afunyaniswa rhoqo ngonyaka.
Umhlaza weColon awukho nje uhlobo olulodwa lomhlaza. Iquka iintlobo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zesifo esichaphazelekayo kwindawo ekhoyo, isakhiwo seeselm, iimpawu kunye nokukhawuleza kokuqhubeka. Ezi zintlukwano zingakhokelela indlela ekunyangwa ngayo unyango kwaye uncede oogqirha baxelele isiphumo sesi sifo.
Iintlobo zeTyhuse zeCaron
Amanqamana e-Colon ahluke kakhulu ngohlobo lweethambo ezibandakanyekayo. Okokuba, ngokubambisana nendawo yokuhlambalaza, kunokutshintsha indlela apho imisebenzi yelungu, edala iziganeko ezithile kunye neziqhelo .
Ezinye iintsholongwane aziqhelekanga kunabanye kwaye kunokuba kunzima ukuyixilonga, nokuba ngenxa yendawo yabo okanye ukungabi naso kwesakhiwo esichazwe ngokucacileyo. Kungenxa yezi zizathu ukuba ezinye iintsholongwane zivame ukubonakala xa ziphezulu kwaye zinzima ukunyanga.
Ngokubanzi, i-cancer iyakwahlula ngokubanzi ngokulandelayo:
- I-carcinomas yile khansela yamaseli e-epithelial akha imigodi kunye nezakhiwo ezingenanto.
- I-Sarcomas ichaphazela izicubu ze-mesothelial ezibandakanya izitho.
- I-Myelomas ithintela amaseli omzimba omzimba obizwa ngokuba ngama-plasma cells.
- Ama-leukemi ayinomdlavuza wamaseli amhlophe abizwa ngokuba yi-leukocyte.
- I-Lymphomas ithintela iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi ezibizwa ngokuba yi-lymphocytes.
- Iindidi ezidibeneyo ezibandakanya iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeeseli.
Iintlobo zeCaron Cancer
Ngokusekelwe kwizicubu ezibandakanyekayo, i-colon cancers iya kuphinda iphulwe phantsi kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo kunye neentlobo, ngasinye sinokuziphatha kunye neendlela ezizodwa:
- I-Adenocarcinomas yindlela eqhelekileyo yomdlavuza wekoloni, i-90% ukuya kuma-95 ekhulwini. Ezi khansela zivela kwiingqungqungquthela zokuvala i-mucus-colonting. Ukongeza kwi-adenocarcinomas eziqhelekileyo, kukho i-subtypes ezimbini: i-adenocarcinomaschhich mucinous ikhiqiza i-muscus eninzi kwaye ithambekele ekusasazeni (i- metastasize ) ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ityikitye i-adenocarcinomas engqabile kakhulu kwaye ibonwa njengento enobudlova.
- I-Leiomyosarcomas iqala kwiiseli ezihamba kakuhle zekholoni kwaye ziquka ngaphantsi kweepesenti ezimbini zeentlobano zesilonda . Iimpawu, kuquka intlungu kunye nokuphuma kwegazi, zivame ukuba zenzeka xa umhlaza sele sele ulungelelanise. I-Leiomyosarcomas inokungaqiniseki kakhulu kwaye ibe nezinga eliphezulu lokuphindaphinda. Ayiphenduli kakuhle kwi-chemotherapy okanye i-radiation kwaye iyakususwa ngokugqithiseleyo xa incinci.
- I-Colorectal lymphomas ayiqhelekanga kwaye iyakwazi ukuqala kwi-rectum kunekholoni. I-non-Hodgkins lymphoma ibandakanya malunga neephesenti ezingama-0.5 zazo zonke i-cancer e-colorectal kwaye ihlala ifunyaniswa kwizifo eziphambili.
- I-Colorectal melanomas nayo ayiqhelekanga kwaye ithambekele ekufunyaneni kwi-rectum njengomhlaza wesibini (obangelwa ukusasazeka komhlaza kwezinye iindawo zomzimba). Ngokubanzi, i-akhawunti engaphantsi kweepesenti ezimbini zeekresela kwi-colon ne-rectum
- Iingxelo ze-neuroendocrine ze-neuroendocrine zee-cancer ze-colorectal Ezi zicubu zivela kwiinkqubo ze-nervous system. Ziye zaphuka zibe ngamaqela amabini: izilonda ezinomdla ezinomdla we-neuroendocrine ezithatha ukusasazeka ngokukhawuleza kwaye zinezifo ezihlaselayo kunye nezidumbu ezingenayo i- neuroendocrine ezingenasiphelo.
- Izilonda zesisu ezinamazinyo (GISTs) ziqala kwiiseli ezikhethekileyo kwikoloni ebizwa ngokuba ngamaseli e-Cajal. Ziyakwazi ukufunyanwa naphina kwindlela yokugaya kodwa zingekho phantsi kwikholoni. Ezinye zalezi zicubu zinomdlavuza kodwa ezinye ziyingozi.
Ziphi iindawo ezininzi zeCarcin Cancers?
Nangona umhlaza ungakhula kuyo nayiphi na inxalenye yekholoni, kukho indawo ezithile apho izidumbu ziyakubonakala khona.
Olu lukhulu lophando luya kujoliswa ngexesha le- colonoscopy yesiqhelo. Ukusuka kwi-valve yeocaecal (eyahlula intlungu encinane ukusuka kwikoloni) ukuya kwi-rectum, umngcipheko wesifo somhlaza kwindawo elandelayo:
- I-valve Ileocaecal: iipesenti ezi-2
- Ukunyuka kwekoloni kunye ne-caecum: iipesenti ezingama-20
- I-colon ehambayo: iipesenti ezili-10
- Ukuhla kwekolon: iipesenti ezi-5
- I-Rectum ne-sigmoid colon: iipesenti ezingama-55
Ngokusekelwe kuhlobo, isigaba, kunye nendawo yomhlaza, oogqirha banako ukugqiba ikhondo elifanelekileyo lokunyanga okanye ukuphatha kakuhle iimpawu ukuba umhlaza awuphilwanga.
Umthombo:
> INational Cancer Institute. "Ukwelashwa kweCaron Cancer (PDQ) - I-Health Professional Version." EBethesda, eMaryn; hlaziywa ngoAgasti 19, 2017.