Izizathu ezibangela ukufa kwabantwana - ukusuka kwiingozi ukuya ekuguleni
Siyazi ngoku ngakumbi kunani na ngaphambili malunga nendlela abantwana abafa ngayo eMelika. Ukunyamekela nokunyamekela kwababelethi bezilwanyana baye bakhetha ngokuqhelekileyo phakathi kweentsapho zabantwana abagula kakhulu, kunye nepesenti yabantwana abafa ekhaya baye baqhubeka bekhula.
I-Hospitals kaZwelonke kunye neNkathazo yokuNakekelwa kweNkathazo (NHPCO) yakhulula ingxelo "I-NHPCO Facts and Figures: Inkathalo yeNtloko yeNtloko kunye ne-Hospice Care eMelika" ngo-2009 ehlolisisa indlela abantwana baseMerika abafa ngayo.
Ukuphononongwa kwamaqiniso kunye namanani anikezelayo kunceda ekukhanyiseni ukufa kwabantwana eMelika.
Zingaphi Ukufa Kwabantwana AbangamaMelika
Ngo-2005 kukho i-53,552 yokufa kwabantwana eMelika, okubalelwa kuma-2.2 ekhulwini kubo bonke abafa ngalo nyaka. Kancinci ngaphezu kwesigamu sokufa kwabantwana kubakho kwasebuntwaneni , kwaye iintsana ezizalwe kumama omnyama ziphindwe kabini kunokuba zizalwe ngamantombazana amhlophe kunye namaSpanishi.
Iingxaki ezibangeleyo zokufa kwabantwana
Izizathu zokufa ebuntwaneni zihluka kwiintsana ezinyangeni ezi-0-12 kunye nabantwana abaneminyaka eyi-1-19 ubudala. Ukufa okungxamisekileyo kwintlekele kwiintsana kodwa kubangelwa ibangela yokufa kwabantwana 1-19 ubudala. Makhe sijonge kwizizathu ezahlukeneyo zokufa ngeqela elidala.
Iziphumo ezibangela ukufa kwiintsana ziquka ukukhubazeka kwe -genital (ama-19.5 ekhulwini), isantya esifutshane okanye isisindo sokuzalwa esiphantsi (iipesenti eziyi-16,5), i-Childhood Infant Death Syndrome (ama-7.4 ekhulwini), iingxaki zesisu (6.3 ekhulwini), iingxaki ze-placenta, intambo okanye iimbumba (Iipesenti ezi-4), okanye izingozi okanye ukulimala okungenabungozi (4 ekhulwini).
Izingozi ziphezulu kwizimbangela zokufa kwabantwana (iminyaka eyi-1-19 ubudala) ilandelwa ukuhlaselwa, ukubulawa kwesifo (umhlaza), ukuzibulala, ukungabikho komntwana, ukukhubazeka komntwana, i-Down syndrome, njl.), Izifo zesifo kunye nezifo zesifo. Kancinci ngaphezu kwesigamu sokufa ebuntwaneni kubalwa njengengozi (ama-53 ekhulwini).
Iimeko ezixhamlayo kwiimeko zobuntwana
Izimo ezingapheliyo (CCC) ebuntwaneni zingakhokelela intsapho ukuba ifune ukunyamekela okanye ukunyamekela. Izizathu zokufa kwiimeko ezingapheliyo ziyahlukana kwakhona kwiintsana kunye nabantwana abaneminyaka eyi-1-19 ubudala.
Izizathu ezibalulekileyo zokufa kwiintsana ezisuka kwiCCC ziquka izimo ze-cardiovascular (iipesenti ezingama-32), iimeko zokubeletha / zofuzo (iipesenti ezingama-26), izimo zokuphefumula (iipesenti ezili-17) neemeuromuscular (iipesenti ezili-14).
Iimbangela ezibalulekileyo zokufa ebuntwaneni ukusuka kwiCCC ziquka ukugula ( umhlaza ) (ama-43 ekhulwini), iimeko ze-neuromuscular (iipesenti ezingama-23) kunye neemeko zenhliziyo (iipesenti ezili-17).
Ngentuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe bezobugcisa kunye neengcali zonyango, abantwana abanezimo ezinzima ezingapheliyo baphila ixesha elide. Sekunjalo, uphando luqikelele ukuba kukho abantwana abangama-8 600 abafanelekile ukunakekelwa kwezibhedlele kunanoma yimiphi imini, kodwa inani elincinci lezigulane kunye neentsapho ziyayisebenzisa.
Apho Abantwana Bafela khona
Naphezu kweenkcukacha zembali ezibonisa ukuba abazali abangama-70 bafuna ukuba umntwana ogula okanye awonakele afe ekhaya, abaninzi abantwana bayafa esibhedlele kwi-ICU setting. Ipesenteji yabantwana abafa ekhaya iya kwanda ngexesha, kwaye iinkqubo zonyango zokunakekelwa kwezibhedlele zonyango zizonyuka, umgangatho unokuqhubeka.
Ngo-2003, i-18.2 ekhulwini yabantwana abaneminyaka engama-0-19 ubudala bafa ekhaya befanisa neepesenti ezili-10.1 ngo-1989.
Idatha eyongezelelweyo ibonisa ukuba abantwana baseMnyama nabaseSpanishi banokufa ekhaya ngaphandle koonyana abamhlophe. Kuqhelekileyo kubantwana abasecaleni lasentshonalanga yelizwe ukuba bafe ekhaya kunabantwana kwicandelo langasempuma yelizwe.
Ukunyamekela kweMpilo yeeMpilo
Ii-arhente ezininzi zee-hospice zinika iinkonzo zonyango, mhlawumbi kunye neqela elikhethekileyo okanye ngekhontrakthi ngaphandle kwezoncedo. Iingxenye ezingaphezu kwesiqingatha (ama-56.9 ekhulwini) zee-arhente zokubhedlele ezithe zaphendulwa kwisicelo sokuphanda ziye zenza izigulane ze-1-10 zonyango kunyaka owedlule.
Ipesenti engaphantsi ayinyamekeli, kwaye bambalwa kakhulu abanakekelwa izigulane ezingaphezulu kwe-10.
Umthombo: UFriebert S. NHPCO Iinkcukacha kunye namanqaku: Ukunakekelwa kweNtsholongwane yePalatiative and Hospice eMelika. I-Aleksandria, VA: I-Hospice kaZwelonke kunye neNkathazo yokuNakekelwa kweNtlungu, ngo-Apreli 2009.