Iinkqubo zesondo ezikhuselekileyo kunye nokugonywa kubalulekile ekukhuseleni
Ngokungafani nezinye izifo ezithathelwana ngesondo (i-STI), i-HPV idinga kuphela umnxeba wesikhumba; akukho ukulala ngesondo okanye ukutshintshiselwa kwamanzi omzimba kuyadingeka. Ngenxa yokuba akukho ziyobisi ezikhoyo ukuphatha unyango lwe-HPV, ukuthintela yindlela efanelekileyo yokukhusela impilo yakho kunye nabo bakufutshane nawe. Oku kubandakanyeka iinkqubo zesondo ezikhuselekileyo, kodwa kungabandakanya ukufumana isitofu se-Cervarix, Gardasil, okanye i-Gardasil.
Njengoko i-HPV iyona nto ixhaphakileyo ye-STI kwihlabathi namhlanje (ngaphezulu kwama-70 ekhulwini labantu abachaphazelekayo ubuncinane besifo sengcinezelo), izicwangciso zokuthintela kufuneka zibe yi-top-of-mind for anyone who is sexually active naliphi na indlela.
Ukuziyeka
Okwangoku, kukho enye indlela eqinisekileyo yokuphepha i-HPV: ukuziyeka. Ingaba oku kuyindlela yokwenza kwakho ekugqibeleni.
Sekunjalo, nge-HPV, kunokubamba: Ngokungafani nezinye i-STI ezidlulileyo ngesondo, i-HPV inokudluliselwa ngokuxubha isikhumba esilulelekileyo kwisikhumba esingenagciwane. Ngaloo ndlela, izinto ezithile "ezikhuselekileyo," ezingenanto zokungena njengendlela yokuhlambalaza kunye nokuqhaqhaza ("ukuxhamla oomileyo") kunokusasaza ukusuleleka ngokufanelekileyo ngempumelelo.
Ngaphezu koko, kuba umngcipheko we-HPV unyuka kunye nenani labantu abantu balala ngesithuba sexesha lobomi , abazali nabafundisi kufuneka bakhuthaze abatsha ukuba banqande ukulala ngesini kangangoko kunokwenzeka kwaye bancede baqonde iingozi ezithile ezibangelwa yi-HPV.
Nangona kunjalo, nangona i-adolescence isiphephelo, i-HPV igqityiwe (jonga ngezantsi).
Ulwabelana ngesondo
Izenzo zesondo ezikhuselekileyo ziqhelekileyo umgca wokuqala we-HPV ukukhusela abantu abaninzi. Ezi zicwangciso zinokunciphisa kakhulu ingozi kwaye kufuneka zihlale ziyingxenye yesicwangciso sakho sokuthintela i-HPV.
Iikhondom
Iikhondom ziphambili ekunciphiseni umngcipheko we-HPV.
Kubalulekile ukuqonda, nangona kunjalo, ukuba alukhuseli indawo ezinokuthi zitshatyalaliswe kwiimpawu ezifana nezo zijikeleze i-scrotum, isondo, i-vulva, okanye i-anus. Oku kuboniswe kwinqanaba leminyaka emine yocwaningo olwenziwa ngamaziko okuLawula nokuLawulwa kwezifo (CDC), eyagqiba ukuba ukusetyenziswa kweikhondom ngokuqhubekayo kwahlanganiswa ne-50% yokunciphisa i-HPV engozini kubantu abangenawo umama onesondo ezininzi ma qabane.
Ukusetyenziswa okufanelekileyo kunye nokuchanekileyo kweikhondom kubalulekile, kubandakanywa ngexesha lesondo lomlomo .
Abalingani bezesondo
Ukunciphisa inani labathathi bezesondo kufuneka lijongwe ngokufanayo. Izifundo ezininzi zibonise ukulungelelaniswa ngokuthe ngqo phakathi kwezifo ze-HPV kunye namanani abalingani bobulili umntu ophelileyo. Enyanisweni, olunye uvavanyo luka-2013 oluvela eJamani luye lwagqiba ukuba iingxaki eziphambili ze-HPV-ezinxulumene neengxaki zentliziyo yesibindi zazingumlingani wabalingani bezesondo kunye nokuqala ngesondo ngexesha lomncinci. (Umdala osemncinci ubonisa inani elikhulu labalingani bezobomi.)
HPV Vaccination
Kukho ezintathu zokugonya ezikhoyo ezikhoyo ukukhusela ezininzi zeengcipheko eziphezulu ze-HPV:
- I-Gardasil ekhusela i-HPV 6, 11, 16 ne-18
- I-Cervarix ekhusela i-HPV 16 ne-18
- I-Gardasil 9 ekhusela i-HPV 6, 11, 13, 31, 33, 45, 52, ne-58
Nangona kunjalo, ugonyo lwe-HPV alukhuthazelwanga kuwo wonke umntu. Ngokutsho kweCDC, amaqela athile kufuneka anikezelwe isitofu sokugonya esekelwe kwiminyaka yabo kunye nobungozi obuhle:
- I-HPV yokugonywa ingaqaliswa kumakhwenkwe namantombazana phakathi kweminyaka eyi-11 kunye no-12. Kwabantwana abancinci be-9 banokufumana isicontsho, ukuba kufanelekile.
- Ukugonywa kunokunikezelwa kwabasetyhini ukuya kuma-26 ukuya kwindoda ukuya kwi-21 ubudala.
- Abantu abasengozini enkulu yokusuleleka (kubandakanywa namadoda abelana ngesondo kunye namadoda, abantu be-transgender kunye nabantu abane-HIV) banokunika isitofu sokugonya ukuba abazange bafumane ngaphambili okanye bazalise ikhosi yokugonywa.
- Nabani na ofunyanwe ukuba ne-HPV unokucela isicelo sokugonya ukukhusela isifo esiza kusasazeka.
Uchungechunge lokugonya lubandakanya iibhothi ezimbini okanye ezintathu. Amanyathelo amabini anconywa kubantwana abaqala uchungechunge ngaphambi kokuzalwa kwabo-15. Ezi zintathu zinconywa ngabantu abaxhatshazwa ngumzimba okanye abantu abaqalise uluhlu emva kweminyaka eyi-15.
Ngelixa uchungechunge lwezibhengezo lunokubiza i-$ 500, kukho uncedo lwezigulane kunye neenkqubo zokuhlawula iikhowudi ezikhoyo ukukunceda ukunciphisa iindleko .
Ulwaluko
Ngokwoluphando olupapashwe kwi-New England Journal of Medicine, ukusoka kunokunciphisa ingozi yomntu yokufumana i-HPV ngamaphesenti angama-35 ngokuthelekiswa namadoda angalukileyo. Nangona ukusoka kwabesilisa ngokuzithandela (VMC) akuvunyelwanga ngokubanzi eUnited States njengendlela yokukhusela isifo, sele kusetyenziswa eAfrika apho ii-STIs ezifana ne-HIV zixhaphake. Ucwaningo olufanayo luye lwacebisa ukuba i-VMC inokunciphisa ingozi yomntu yokufumana i- herpes simplex virus 2 (i-herpes yomzimba) malunga nama-25 ekhulwini.
Ulwaluko lwenziwa rhoqo kwiintsana zamantombazana emva kokuzalwa. Ngoxa kungenziwa kumadoda omdala, inqubo (ukuba yenziwe ngokukhethayo, kunokuba ibe yinxalenye yonyango enye imeko) ayinakutyhulwa yinshuwalense.
Ngelishwa, i-VMC ibonakala inika inzuzo encinci kumlingani wesini wesini.
> Imithombo:
> Amasebe okuLawula nokuVimbela (iCCDC). Iziphakamiso ze-HPV Vaccination. Atlanta, Georgia; hlaziywa ngoDisemba 15, 2016.
> Hlela, S. kunye noWarner, L. "Ukusetyenziswa kweCondom kunye nePadillomavirus yabantu kuMadoda." J Disfect Dis , 2013; 208 (3): 367-9. INGXELO: 10.1093 / infdis / jit198.
> Remschmidt, C; Kaufmann, A .; Hagemann, I. kunye al. Iingxaki zobungozi beCervical Human Papillomavirus Infection kunye ne-High-Grade Letrapithelial Lesion kwabesetyhini abaneminyaka engama-20 ukuya kwe-31 eJamani. " Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2013; 23 (3): 519-26. INGXELO: 10.1097 / IGC.0b013e318285a4b2.
> Tobian, A .; Serwadda, D .; Quinn, T. et al. "Ukusoka kwamadoda ngokuthintela ukusulelwa kwe-HSV-2 ne-HPV kunye ne-syphilis." N Engl J Med. 2009 uMar 26; 360 (13): 1298-309. INGXELO: 10.1056 / NEJMoa0802556.