Ngokuqhelekileyo, kubonakala ukuba ukuba usebenzisa ipilisi , akukho nanda kwingozi yakho yomhlaza. Iphilisi inokwenene, ngokwenene, inefuthe elikhuselekileyo kwiintlobo ezithile zeekhensi. Kodwa kuyaqondakala ukuba unokukhathazeka ukuba ipilisi ibangela umdlavuza.
Kanjani? Amahomoni e-estrogen kunye ne-progesterone, ebonakalayo emzimbeni wakho, ifumaneka ukuba ifuthe ukuphuhliswa nokukhula kwamanye amagciwane. Iipilisi zokulawula ukuzalwa (kunye nezinye iifom zokulawula i-hormonal ) ziqulethe iifom zokwenziwa kwezi-hormone. Oku kukhokelela abantu abaninzi (kunye nabaphandi) ukuba bazibuze ukuba kukho na unxibelelwano phakathi kwezi ndlela zokulawula ukuzalwa nokusetyenziswa komngcipheko womhlaza. Ngoko masiqwalasele ngokuthe ngqo umbuzo, ingabe ipilisi ibangela umdlavuza?
I pilisi kunye ne-Ovarian Cancer
Umhlaza we-Ovarian ngumhlaza oqala kwii-ovari. Ingomdla wesihlanu oqhelekileyo phakathi kwabasetyhini, kwaye kubangele ukufa ngaphezu kwanoma yimuphi na umhlobo wesifo somhlaza wesisu. Kulinganiselwa ukuba ama-30,000 amatyala omtsha womhlaza uya kufunyaniswa ngamnye kunyaka, kunye nabafazi abangama-15 000 abafa kwesi sifo.
Ngaba iPilisi Yenza I-Ovarian Cancer?
I pilisi luhlobo lwe-hormonal birth control. Izindlela zokulawula ukuzalwa kwe-hormonal ziquka i- progestin kunye ne -estrogen yokwenziwa . Ezinye izithintelo zokukhusela i-hormonal ziyakwenzela inzuzo eyongezelelweyo yokunciphisa ingozi yomhlaza wakho we-ovari. Nceda ugcine ukhumbule ukuba isizathu esona sizathu sokusebenzisa ulawulo lokuzalwa kwe-hormonal ukukhulelwa kwe- contraception (ukukhusela ukukhulelwa okungalindelekanga) -uyakuqwalasela oku kunokwenzeka ukuba uncedo lokukhulelwa xa unqumle indlela yokulawula i-hormonal yokuzalwa.
Ezi zilandelayo uludwe lweendlela ezithile zokulawulwa kokuzalwa kwe-hormonal eziye zaboniswa ukuba zisebenze ekunciphiseni umngcipheko we-ovarian umdlavuza:
- Iphilisi: Uphando lubonisile ukuba xa uthatha ipilisi iminyaka eli-15 okanye ngaphezulu, umngcipheko we-ovarian ingozi iyancishiswa ngama-58 ekhulwini; Iminyaka eyi-10-14 yokusetyenziswa kweepilisi inciphisa umngcipheko ngama-44 ekhulwini kunye neminyaka eyi-5-9 yepilisi isetyenziselwa umngcipheko wakho ngama-36 ekhulwini. Kwaba nabasetyhini abasebenzisa ipilisi kuphela iminyaka engama-1-4 babona inzuzo (ukunciphisa ingozi yomhlaza we-ovarian engama-22 ekhulwini). Kubonakala ngathi le nzuzo yokukhusela ingaba buthathaka kuba sele ikhona kuba sele usebenzisa i pilisi. Kodwa, le mpembelelo yokukhusela isabaluleka nangona iminyaka engama-30 okanye ngaphezulu emva kokusetyenziswa kwepilisi. Uze ufumane le ... nangona inzuzo ekhuselayo yokuba ipilisi inikezela kumhlaza wesi-ovariy isekelwe kwithuba elide ulisebenzise ngayo, akunandaba nokuba usebenzisa ipilisi ngokuqhubekayo okanye cha. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba usebenzisa i pilisi iminyaka emihlanu ngokulandelelana okanye ukuba usebenzisa i pilisi iminyaka emibini, wuthatha umnyaka, kwaye wuthatha iminyaka emithathu, ukunciphisa umngcipheko womhlaza we-ovari uyafana. Kule minyaka engama-50 edlulileyo, kuqikelelwa ukuba ama-200 000 amathambo e-ovarian kunye nokufa kwabantu abayi-100,000 emhlabeni jikelele baye bavinjelwa ngokusetyenziswa kwepilisi yokulawula ukuzalwa kwaye ukuba ukuba kusetyenziswe ukusetyenziswa kwinqanaba langoku, ubuninzi bee-cancer ezingama-30,000 zama-ovari anokuthintela unyaka ngamnye.
I-Low-Dose nePilly Dose Pills: Iipilisi zokulawulwa kokuzalwa kwe-dose ziphantsi kwe-estrogen (10-20 mcg) kunye nenye yezinto ezisibhozo ze-progestin. Iipilisi zexesha eliqhelekileyo ziqulethe i-30-35 mcg estrogen kunye neprogesin, kwaye iipilisi eziphezulu zihamba malunga ne-50 mcg ye-estrogen kunye neprogesin. Umngcipheko omncinci we-ovarian umdlavuza kwi-Pill abasebenzisi kucatshangelwa ukuba kubangelwa ukuba ama-hormone ayeke u-ovulation . Uphando lubonisa ukuba akukho nto ibonakala ngathi yindlela eyahlukileyo yokunciphisa umngcipheko womhlaza we-ovarian ukunciphisa amayeza e-estrogen ahlukeneyo kwipilisi. Impembelelo yokukhusela (ngokuchasene nomngcipheko womhlaza we-ovari) uye waboniswa ukuba kwenzeke ngeepilisi eziphantsi kweepilisi kwakunye nezolimo eziqhelekileyo neziphezulu. Abanye abaphandi bacetyisa ukuba amanqanaba e-progestin kwipilisi ingabaluleka njengento yokunciphisa i-ovulation ekukhuseleni umdlavuza we-ovari.
Emva kokuthelekisa iipilisi zokulawula ukuzala ngokubini i-estrogen kunye neprogesin potency, uphando lubonisa ukuba iipilisi ezinamazinga aphezulu aseprogestin zidibaniswe nokunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko womhlaza we-ovari kunokuba abo bane-progestin potency (kungakhathaliseki ukuba yi-estrogen). Kubonakala ngathi abafazi ababethabathe iipilisi ngamanqanaba aphakamileyo e-progestin babonisa ukunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko womhlaza we-ovari, nangona xa kuthathwa ixesha elifutshane (iinyanga ezi-3-18). Isixa se-estrogen kwipilisi ayibonakali esichaphazela umngcipheko wesifo somhlaza.
- I-Depo Provera: I-injection ye-progesin kuphela ye-Depo Provera ibonisa indlela efanayo yokukhusela kwisifo sakho somhlaza. Oku kunokwenzeka ngenxa yokuba i-progesin inokuthi ikhusele i-ovulation.
- I-NuvaRing kunye ne -Patch : Ngenxa yokuba zombini ezi ndlela zokulawula ukuzalwa ziqulethe inhlanganisela ye-progestin kunye ne-estrogen, kukholelwa ukuba kufuneka banikeze inzuzo efanayo yokukhusela kumhlaza we-ovari njengoko kuhlanganiswe iipilisi zokulawula ukuzalwa . Uphando malunga nalokhu, nangona kunjalo, lucacisiwe.
I pilisi kunye neCaron Cancer
Umdlavuza weColon (okanye umdlavuza ombala) ngumhlaza oqala emathunjini amakhulu (i-colon) okanye i-rectum (ekupheleni koloni). Ngokutsho kweMerika Cancer Society, umdlavuza we-colorectal ungenye yezizathu ezibangela ukufa kwabantu abachaphazeleka ngumhlaza e-United States kwaye ngumdla wesine oqhelekileyo kumadoda nabasetyhini.
Ngaba iPilisi Yenza I-Colon Cancer?
Impendulo yalo mbuzo ayikho. Uphando lubonisa ukuba i-contraceptive ye-hormonal ( njengepilisi ) inokufumana inzuzo eyongeziweyo yokunciphisa umngcipheko womhlaza wekolon (nangona idatha ingaphelelanga kwaye kufuneka uphando olungakumbi). Ezi zilandelayo uluhlu lweendlela zokulawula ukuzalwa kwe-hormonal ebonakala ngathi isebenzayo ekunciphiseni umngcipheko wakho womhlaza wekolon:
Ulwalamano lokuLawula ulwalamano lweePilisi: Uhlolo-meta-uphando lwama-20 uphando malunga nobudlelwane phakathi komngcipheko womhlaza wekolon kunye nokusetyenziswa kwepilisi yokusetyenziswa kwepilisi kuboniswe ukuba kukho ukunciphisa i-18 ekhulwini lomngcipheko wokuvelisa umdlavuza we-colon phakathi kwala mabhinqa abasebenzisa ipilisi . Esi siphumo sokukhusela sasisona sikhulu kwindlela yokusebenzisa ipilisi yangoku kwaye asibonanga ukuba yenze ixesha elingakanani (intsingiselo, akukhathazeki ukuba ubude usebenzise ipilisi kangakanani). Olunye uphando lubonisa ukuba ukuba okwangokunjalo okanye ngokutsha usebenzisa iipilisi zokulawula ukuzalwa, unokuba nomngcipheko omncinci womhlaza wekoloni. Ukusetyenziswa kwangaphambili kweepilisi ezidibeneyo kubonakala kungabangela ukunciphisa ingozi yomdlavuza wekoloni. Umngcipheko oncitshiswayo womhlaza wekoloni kumsebenzisi wePill ucinga ukuba ngenxa yezizathu ezimbalwa.
I-bile acids yenziwa yibindi kwaye isebenze ne-bile ukuphula amafutha. Ukutshatyalaliswa okuqhubekayo kwi-bile acid kungenza i-carcinogenic tisses kwi-colon, leyo ibangela umdlavuza wekoloni. I-estrogen kunye neprogesin kwipilisi inokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwe-bile acid. Esinye isizathu somdlavuza wekoloni sinokubangelwa ukuguqulwa kwamagciwane okulungisa. Ukungazinzi kwe-microsatellite yimeko apho iseli inzima ukulungisa i-DNA ngenxa yokuba ibonakele. Phantse ama-90 ekhulwini lamathumba kubantu abaneentlobo ezithile zomhlaza wekoloni kubonisa ukungazinzi kwe-microsatellite. Uphando lubonisa ukuba ukuhlanganiswa kwe-estrogen kunye neprogesin kuye kwaye kwaye kwaye kwahlulwa ukungazinzi kwe-microsatellite.
- I-Low-Dose nePilly Dose Pills: Akukho nto ibonakala ngathi yinkcazelo eninzi malunga nohlobo lwepilisi kunye nomngcipheko wehlisa umhlaza wekoloni. Uphando lubonakala lubonisa ukuba ukunciphisa umngcipheko womhlaza wekoloni kuyafana-ngoko inani le-estrogen okanye i-progestin kwipilisi alinandaba. Umphumo wokukhusela umngcipheko womhlaza wekolon ubonwe kwizifundo ezivela kwiminyaka yee-1960 (xa iipilisi zamaphilisi aphezulu zisetyenziswa) ukuya ku-2008 (xa iipilisi ezintsha zenziwa ngamanqanaba e-hormone aphantsi asetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo).
- I-NuvaRing kunye nePatch: Ngenxa yokuba zombini ezi ndlela zokulawula ukuzalwa ziqulethe inhlanganisela ye-progestin kunye ne-estrogen, kukholelwa ukuba kufuneka banikeze inzuzo efanayo yokukhusela kumdlavuza wekolon njengokuba iipilisi zokulawula ukuzalwa zihlanganiswa. Uphando, ke, lucacisiwe.
IPilisi kunye neCanscer Breast
Umhlaza wesifuba uqala xa iiseli eziswini ziqala ukukhula kolawulo. Ezi iiseli zivame ukwenza i-tumor engabonwa rhoqo kwi-x-ray okanye ivakalelwe. Uninzi lweengcingo zesifuba ziqala kwiidada ezithwala ubisi kwi-ingono. Umdlavuza wesifuba ngumdla wesifo esiqhelekileyo phakathi kwabesifazane baseMerika (ngaphandle kweekliniki zomhlaza). Phantse i-1 kwabasetyhini base-US baya kuhlakulela umdlavuza webele wesifo ngexesha lokuphila kwabo.
Ngaba iPilisi Yenza Umhlaza Webele?
Uphando olukhoyo kwesi sihloko ludibaniswe. Iziphumo eziphikisanayo zingakho ngenxa yokuba amazinga e-hormone kwiipilisi zolawulo lokuzalwa ziye zatshintsha ngaphezu kweminyaka. Iipilisi zokulawula ukuzalwa kwangaphambili zinamanqanaba aphezulu kakhulu amahomoni kuneepilisi zamanqanaba aphantsi namhlanje kwaye zenza umngcipheko wesifo somhlaza webele. Kukho iinkxalabo zokuthi ipilisi ingabangela umdlavuza webele ngenxa yokuba i-hormone ekulawuleni iipilisi ingadlulela iiseli zesisu-oku kunokunyusa ingozi yomhlaza wesisu. Kunokukhathazeka kakhulu ukuba unomngcipheko omkhulu kumhlaza webele ngenxa yokuba:
- Imbali yentsapho eqinile yomhlaza webele
- Iibhoopsies zangaphambili zebele ezibonisa iseli ezingaqhelekanga
- Wena okanye ilungu lentsapho unesifo somhlaza wesifuba esingavamile
Uphando ngalesi sihloko luhluka. Ngokubanzi, uphando oluninzi alufumananga ubungozi bokukhula komhlaza wesibele ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwepilisi. Oko kuthethwa, uphando oluninzi luphandle ukuba ukusebenzisa ipilisi kunokunyusa umngcipheko wokuba nomdlavuza webele. Nanku ukuhlaziywa okukhawulezayo kweminye yophando kwesi sihloko:
- Ubude bePilisi Ukusetyenziswa: Izifundo ezibonisa ukuba unxibelelwano phakathi kwepilisi kunye nomhlaza wesifuba kubonisa ukuba unokufumana umngcipheko ophezulu wesifo somhlaza xa usisebenzisa ipilisi yokulawula. Ukusetyenziswa kwangaphambili kwepilisi akubonakali kudibene nomngcipheko wesifo somhlaza. Kodwa ukusetyenziswa kwamanje kwandisa ingozi yakho. Olunye uphando lucetyisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwangoku okanye okudlulileyo kokulawula iipilisi akuzange kwandise ingozi yomhlaza wesifuba kubasetyhini abaneminyaka engama-35 ukuya kuma-64. Kodwa abaphandi babonisa ukwanda okwenyuka kumngcipheko oneminyaka engama-35 ukuya ku-44 abasebenzisa iipilisi zokulawula ukuzala Unembali yentsapho yomdlavuza webele.
- Uhlobo lwePilisi: Kubonakala ukuba ukusebenzisa iipilisi zokulawula izibeleko eziqulethe i-estrogen ephezulu kunokudityaniswa nomngcipheko ophezulu wesifo somhlaza webele, kodwa usebenzisa iipilisi zokulawula ukuzalwa kunye ne-dosegen ephantsi (uhlobo lweepilisi zolawulo lokubeletha abafazi abaninzi kuthatha) ayixhomekeke kumngcipheko ophezulu wesifo somhlaza. Ezinye iingcaphephe zengqalelo ukuba ingozi eyongezelelekileyo yomhlaza wesisu ehambelana nokusetyenziswa kwepilisi ivela ikakhulukazi kwabasetyhini abasebenzisa iipilisi zesithathu . I-high-dose e-stroke yokulawula ukuzalwa kweepilisi inokuphinda ibe ngumngcipheko wesifo somhlaza webele.
Umxholo: Uninzi lwalezi zifundo lubhekiselele kumngcipheko wokuba nomdlavuza webele. Ukwanda kwengozi enxulumene nomngcipheko kufuneka kwandiswe ngumngcipheko wakho wokufumana ingozi yakho yangempela. Uninzi lweengcali ziyavuma ukuba umfazi oqhelekileyo (ongaphantsi kwe-50) engenayo imbali yentsapho yomhlaza wesifuba kwaye akukho mdlavuza wesibeleko wesifuba esingaqhelekanga unomngcipheko omkhulu wesifo somhlaza ongaphantsi kwama-2 ekhulwini. Ngoko ukuba loo mngcipheko uphindaphindwe kabini, bekuya kuba ngaphantsi kwama-4 ekhulwini. Ngako ke, kuba abaninzi abasetyhini, ingakumbi abasetyhini abasetyhini, iingcali zonyango zibonisa ukuba iingenelo zokulawula iipilisi zokuzalwa zigqithise kakhulu ingozi.
> Imithombo:
> I-Beaber EF, i-DSM yeBul, i-Barlow WE, i-Malone KE, i-Reed SD, i-Li CI. "Ukusetyenziswa komlomo kwangoku kwindlela yokukhulelwa komzimba ngokutyalwa komhlaza kunye neengcambu zebele zomama phakathi kwabasetyhini abaneminyaka engama-20 ukuya kwengu-49 ubudala." Uphando lweCancer. 2014; 74 (15): 4078-4089.
> Bosetti C, Bravi F, Negri E, La Vecchia C. "Ukukhulelwa komlomo kunye nomngcipheko wesifo somhlaza: Uhlolo oluchanekileyo kunye nokuhlaziywa kwemeta." Ukuhlaziywa koLuntu. 2009; 15 (5): 489-498.
> Iqela elidibeneyo kwii-Epidemiological Studies ze-Ovarian Cancer. Umhlaza we-Ovarian kunye ne-contraceptive yomlomo: Ukuhlanganiswa kwakhona kweenkcukacha ezivela kwizifundo ezingama-45 ze-epidemiological kuquka nabantwana abangama-23 257 abanomhlaza wesi-ovari kunye nokulawula okungama-87 303. " I-Lancet 2008; 371 (9609): 303-314.
> Ness R, Grisso J, Klapper J, et al. "Umngcipheko wesifo somhlaza we-ovari ngokumalunga ne-estrogen kunye ne-progestin dose kunye neempawu zokusebenzisa izithintelo zokukhulelwa komlomo. I-American Journal ye-Epidemiology. 2000; 152 (3): 233-41.