Indlela eya kusekelwe kwiNzululwazi yokuNciphisa ingozi yomntu
Nangona umhlaza wesibeleko ungenye yeemeko ezinonophelekileyo zonyango owesifazane onokujamelana nazo, ukuqhubela phambili ekuhlolweni nasekukhuseleni kuye kwaqala ukuguqula izinto. Ukufunyanwa kwangaphambili kusinike ithuba lokubamba umdlavuza ngelixa isaphathwa, ngeli gama izitofu kunye nezinye iindlela zokungenelela zingcono ukukhusela ukuphuhliswa kwesi sifo kwindawo yokuqala.
Sibanzi
Umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko unobungozi obungasongela ubomi buquka umlomo wesibeleko . Umlomo wesibeleko usekwe kwingxenyana esezantsi kakhulu yebele (ngamanye amaxesha ubizwa ngokuba ngumlomo wesibeletho) kwaye uxhuma inxalenye engaphezulu yesisu kunye nesisu.
Umhlaza wesibeleko wawunomnye wabantu abaqhelekileyo ababulali base-US Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, amanani aye ahlahlela ngokuphawulekayo ekuphuhlisweni kobuchwepheshe be-Pap smear. Nangona kunjalo nangaphumelelo, abasetyhini abangama-9 000 basesifo sengqondo somhlaza wesibeleko kunyaka ngamnye, okubangelwa ukufa kwabangaphezu kwama-4 000.
Ngelixa singayazi iindlela eziza kubangela umdlavuza, siyazi ukuba izinto ezininzi zinokunyusa umngcipheko. Oyintloko phakathi kwabo yi-papillomavirus yomntu (HPV), isifo sesifo esithathelwana ngesondo esithintela kuwo onke amacala omhlaza womlomo wesibeleko, kunye neepesenti ezingama-92 zeesifo somhlaza.
Pap Screenings
I-Pap smear yenye yezona zinto zilungele ukukhusela umhlaza wesibeleko.
Ezi ndlela zobuchwepheshe zokuhlola zilula ukubona ubuninzi beenguqu zentsholongwane ezinxulumene nokuphuhliswa komhlaza, ukuvumela unyango lwangaphambili xa amazinga okuphumelela aphezulu.
I-Pap smear ikhuthazwa ubuncinci kwiminyaka emithathu (okanye nganye ezintlanu xa ihlanganiswa novavanyo lwe-HPV).
Iingcebiso ziyahlukahluka ngokwexesha elisusela kwizikhokelo ezivela kwi-American College of Obstetrics kunye ne-Gynecology (ACOG).
I-Pap smears engavumelekanga iyinto eqhelekileyo, oko akuthethi ukuba unomdlavuza okanye nokuba unomhlaza ongaphambili. Kukho naziphi na izizathu zokufunda okungavumelekanga, ezininzi zazo ezingenzi lutho nomhlaza kuzo zonke. Ekugqibeleni, uvavanyo lufumana kuphela izitenxo ngobungakanani, umlo, kunye nentlangano yeeseli zomlomo wesibeleko (imeko eyaziwa njenge-dysplasia yesibeletho).
Nangona oku kungaphakamisa ingxaki, akuthethi nto. Thetha nogqirha wakho ukuze ufumane ukuqonda okungcono ukuvavanya kwakho kunye nesigama sesi-Pap smears ezingavamile .
Ukuba unayo i-dysplasia kwaye waphathwa, kuya kufuneka ukuba uhlolwe rhoqo (kwezinye iimeko kunye nePap smear kunye ne- colposcopic test ).
HPV Vaccination
Ukuba uneminyaka engama-9 kunye no-26, unokufuna ukucinga ngokugqithisa ukufumana igciwane le-HPV.
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zentengiso ejoliswe ekuthintela iintlobo zeengxaki ze-HPV ezinxulumene nomhlaza. Awudingi ukuba yintombi ukuba iphendule . kwaye unako ukugonywa ukuba unako ukusuleleka kwe-HPV. I-inshurensi yakho inokuthi ifake iindleko zokugonya, ngokuqhelekileyo njengenxalenye yempilo yabo yokukhusela.
Izinketho zokugonya zangoku ziquka:
- Gardisil, ekhusela i-HPV 6, 11, 16, ne-18
- I-Cervarix, ekhusela i-HPV 16 ne-18
- Gardisil 9, ekhusela i-HPV 6, 11, 16, 31, 33, 45, 52, no-58
Iigcino zijolise ekujoliseni ezo zinto zibeka ingozi enkulu ekuphuhlisweni komhlaza. Kule ndawo, ukusuleleka ngu-HPV 16 no-18 kumela malunga neepesenti ezingama-70 zazo zonke izifo zomhlaza wesibeleko (kunye namazinga aphakamileyo omhlaza, i-penile, kunye nentloko kunye nomhlaza weentliziyo). Ezinye iipesenti ezingama-20 zihlobene ne-HPV 31, 33, 34, 45, 52, ne-58.
Imiba ye-HPV engozini kakhulu ayibangela umdlavuza kodwa ingakhokelela ekuphuhlisweni kweemfazwe zesini .
I-HPV 6 no-11 yimiba emibini enxulumene nale meko.
Ezinye iindlela zokuKhusela
Ekugqibeleni, kuthatha ngaphezu kwe-Pap smears kunye ne-HPV yokugonya ukukhusela umdlavuza wesibeleko. Abanye badinga utshintsho kwimikhwa kunye nendlela yokuphila ukuze kungabi phantsi komngcipheko kuphela kodwa ukuphucula impilo yonke.
Phakathi kweengcebiso:
- Isicwangciso sokuthintela ngolwazi ngokunciphisa inani labalingani bezesondo kunye neendlela zokusebenzisa iikhondom . Nangona iikhondom ziyiyo inkohliso-inqobo yokuthintela i-HPV, zinikezela umqobo wokukhusela. Ukuziyeka kuphela kunokuthembisa ngakumbi.
- Iintlobo zokuyeka i-cigarettes zikhulu, kungekhona ubuncinane bokunciphisa ingozi yomhlaza wesibeleko. Kubasetyhini abanentsholongwane ye-HPV, ukutshaya kudibene nokunyuka kwamaxesha angama-14 emngciphekweni wesibeleko somlomo wesibeleko xa kuthelekiswa nabasetyhini abangenayo intsholongwane ye-HPV. Ukubhema kubonakala kukukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza i-dysplasia yomlomo ngenkqubela ngexesha lokunciphisa impendulo yomntu wonke omzimba.
ILizwi
Umhlaza wesibeleko namhlanje isifo esihluke kakhulu kunokuba bekuyiminyaka engama-20 edlulileyo. Ngoku sineendlela zokunciphisa ngokukhawuleza umngcipheko wobuqu kunye nokuqinisekisa ukufumanisa kwangaphambili kwesi sifo ngaphambi kokuba yinkxalabo enkulu yezempilo.
Ngokuthatha indlela epheleleyo yokuthintelwa - okuquka ukuhlolwa kwePap, ukugonya kwe-HPV, isondo esilondekileyo kunye nokuyeka ukutshaya - unokunciphisa ngokukhawuleza umngcipheko nje kuphela kodwa isizukulwana esilandelayo samantombazana nabasetyhini abaselula. Izixhobo zokukhusela zisesandleni sakho.
> Umthombo:
> INational Cancer Institute. "Ukwelashwa kweCercer Cancer (PDQ) - I-Professional Professional Version." Amaziko eZiko lezeMpilo; EBethesda, eMaryland.