Phantse abantu abayizigidi ezingama-48 e-United States babike iqondo elithile lokulahlekelwa kwindlebe . Ubuhle bakho bokufumana ukulahlekelwa kwindlebe kwandisa ngokukhawuleza njengoko uneminyaka yobudala. Ukuphulukana nokulahlekelwa kwabantu asebekhulile kuhambelana nempawu ezinzulu ezifana nokudandatheka kunye nokuzihlalisa abantu. Uphando luye lwabonisa ukuba lukhokelela ekunciphiseni umvuzo wezo zinto zisasebenza.
Ngaba kukho into onokuyenza ukukhusela oku? Usenokumangaliswa ukwazi ukuba ukukhusela ukuva kwakho ngoku kungenza indlela ende ekuvezeni kakuhle emva koko ebomini. Uncinci xa uqala ukuthatha amanyathelo okuthintela ukulahlekelwa kwindlebe ukuphucula iziphumo zakho-nakuba ungekho mdala ukukhusela ukuva.
Izaziso eziLungileyo
Ukuphindaphinda ukuvakalisa imisindo ephakamileyo (nangona isandi sibonakala ngathi sikhulu ngelixesha) kungonakalisa iincinci ezincinci zeentloko ngaphakathi kwendlebe yakho. Ngelishwa, ezi iiseli azivuseleli, oku kuthetha ukuba nayiphi na umonakalo unaphakade. Ukulahlekelwa kwindlebe yokulahlekelwa ngomsindo ngenye yeentlobo eziqhelekileyo zokulahlekelwa kwindlebe apha e-United States, kwaye i-100 ekhulwini iyakhuselwa. Abantu abaninzi bavakalisa imisindo enkulu ngokuqhelekileyo njengenxalenye yomsebenzi wabo. Ngokomzekelo, abo basebenzayo ekwakhiweni okanye ngomatshini okhuselekileyo bangavelelwa kwingxolo enkulu imihla ngemihla.
Ukuba amanyathelo athatyathwa ukukhusela ukuva, ekuhambeni kwexesha oku kuya kubangela ukulahlekelwa kweendlebe ezibangelwa ingxolo. Nangona ungabonakaliswa ngomsindo omkhulu njengengxenye yomsebenzi wakho, ukuphulaphula umculo omculo okanye ukutshisa umtshini kungonakalisa iiseli ezizodwa ngaphakathi kwendlebe yakho. Kukho imiba emibini ebonisa ukuba ngaba ukuphulaphulwa kweentloko kulahlekile xa kufikelele ekuboniseni ingxolo.
Enye ingxolo enkulu (kwi-decibels) kunye nenye into ebonisa ukuba ungakanani ixesha elide ukhangele kuloo ngxolo. Uninzi lweengcali zonyango ziyavuma ukuba imisindo engaphezu kwama-decibel angama-80 akhulule ngokwaneleyo ukulimaza ukuva kwakho, kodwa uyazi njani ukuba zininzi izitifiketi? Uninzi lwethu aluqhelekanga ukulinganisa ngokukhawuleza ukuba izandi ezithile zivakala kangakanani, ukwenjenjalo ukukunika ingcamango yokuba zingakanani i-decibel eziyi-80, nolu luhlu lwezinye izandi eziqhelekileyo kunye nohlobo lwe-decibel nganye malunga
- ukuthetha okuqhelekileyo, i-dishwasher, i-dryer yokutya (60-65 dB)
- isitalato esityebileyo, i-vacuum cleaner, iwashi lakho le-alamu, umbane womdaka (70-85 dB)
- i-dryer, i-blender, inkqubo yokutya (80-90 dB)
- ukumbamba ngesandla, i-snowblower, i-chain (100-110 dB)
- Isiphumo esiphezulu sabadlali abaninzi bemculo (112 dB)
- i-siren, i-jet ikhutshwe, i-concert ye-rock ephakathi (120 dB)
- jackhammer (130 dB)
- isibhamu (140 dB)
- izixhobo zomlilo, kumgama wama-3-foot (150 dB)
Kukho iinkqubo onokuzisebenzisa eziza kuqikelela i-decibels yesandi esithile.
Landela la macebiso okuthintela ukulahlekelwa kwindlebe evezwe ngomsindo:
- Gqoka ukukhusela indlebe (i-ear muffs okanye i-plugs zeplebe xa usebenzisa izixhobo ezivakalayo, ukuya kwinqanaba lokudubula, okanye xa uya kubakho nakwimimandla engxolo ephakamileyo.
- Vula ivolumu phantsi kwithelevishini, ii-radios kunye nezixhobo zomculo zobuqu.
- Nciphisa inani lexesha ochithayo ukuphulaphula umculo ophezulu.
- Vumela iindlebe zakho ukuba ziphumle emva kokuba uye wavelela kwingxolo enkulu. Kuzo iiyure ezimbini uchitha kwiikonti okanye kwiqela elimculo ophezulu omele uchithe malunga neeyure ezingama-16 ululame kwindawo ekholileyo.
Mayeza
Unokumangaliswa ukwazi ukuba amanye amayeza, kwanamachiza atholakala ngaphezu kwe-counter-counter, anokufaka isandla ekulahlekelweni kweendlebe. Ezi zonyango kuthiwa yi-ototoxic (ithetha ukuba ingaba yingozi kwiindlebe zakho). Ukulahleka kokuvalelwa okubangelwa yiziyobisi ze-ototoxic kungenziwa okwethutyana okanye kuguquke.
Ubhedu bakho obuhle kakhulu ekunciphiseni okanye ukuguqula umonakalo obangelwa la mayeza kukuba uyazi ukuba uthatha imithi ye-ototoxic kwaye uyazi iziphumo ezingasenokwenzeka ukuba umonakalo ezindlebeni zakho zenzeka. Nolu uluhlu lwamanye amayeza aqhelekileyo anokuba yi-ototoxic, (olu luhlu aluhlangani konke, kuba kukho imithi engaphezu kwama-200 engonakalisa ukuva):
- inani elikhulu le-aspirin, ibuprofen, okanye naproxen
- iziza-antibiotics ezibandakanya i-aminoglycosides, i-quinolones kunye ne-macrolides (i-gentamycin, umzekelo, iyaziwa ngokuba yi-ototoxic), i-tetracycline ne-vancomycin
- izidakamizwa ezichasene nomhlaza ezifana ne-cisplatin, i-vinblastine
- amayeza asetyenziswa ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi kuquka i-diuretics, i-beta blockers (metoprolol) kunye ne-ACE inhibitor uRamipril
- Valproate ye sodium
- Amphotericin
- Ganciclovir
- Entacapone
- Tacrolimus
- Hydroxychloroquine
- Acetazolamide
Ukuba ufumana iziphumo ezilandelayo xa uthabatha iyeza elitsha, ngakumbi xa unyango lwaziwa ngokuba yi-ototoxic, kufuneka ubize ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza ukunciphisa nantoni na ukulimala kwintetho yakho:
- i-tinnitus (ukukhala ezindlebeni zakho)
- ubunzima bokuqonda intetho
- ukulahlekelwa kwesilinganiselo okanye ukungcola
Ukuthintela Ukuvalelwa Kokulahlekelwa Ngumntwana Wakho okanye Umntwana
Inani elikhuseleyo labantwana base-United States (iqikelelwe ipesenti ezili-15) sele sele ilahlekile ukuphulaphula indlebe ngelixesha abaneminyaka engama-6 ukuya kwe-19 ubudala. Ukuthatha amanyathelo okuthintela ukulahlekelwa kwindlebe ekuncinci kunokuhamba ixesha elide ekukhuseleni amandla omntwana wakho wokuva njengoko bekhula. Njengomzali, gcina ezi ngcebiso ekukhuseleni umntwana wakho okanye iindlebe zentsha:
- Thenga izixhobo zokuvavanya kunye neendlebe zeendlebe ezinomlinganiselo wevolumu-ezona zixhobo ezintsha zeekhompyutha.
- Ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba umda wexesha umntwana wakho avunyelwe ukuphulaphula umculo omkhulu.
- Vula umthamo wethelevishini phantsi-nokuba ubukela ibhayisikobho okanye udlala umdlalo wevidiyo yekhompyutha, ukuphulaphula iTV ngokumemeza kakhulu kuya kwenza umonakalo omkhulu kwiindlebe zomntwana kunokuhlala esikufutshane kwesikrini oza kuyenza emehlweni abo.
- Sebenzisana nodokotela wezingane kwaye (ukuba kuyimfuneko) ugqirha weendlebe, umphunga nomphetho ukulungisa iingxaki zeendlebe, ezinjengomkhuhlane ezindlebeni okanye kwi-ear ear infection .
- Ukuba umntwana wakho akafumaneki ukuvavanywa kweso sikolo esikolweni, yenza isigqibo kunye ne-audiologist ukuba kwenziwe njalo ngonyaka.
- Ukuba umntwazana wakho wenza imisebenzi, njengokutshisa umtshini, qinisekisa ukuba uneendlebe zeendlebe okanye izikhwebu zeendlebe.
Imithombo:
Iingcebiso ezi-10 eziphezulu zokukhusela ukuva. I-NHS Iinqununu. Ukuhlaziywa: ngoJanuwari 2015. http://www.nhs.uk/Livewell/intetho -problems/Pages/tips-to-protect-hearing.aspx
Ukuthintela ukuLawula ukulahleka. I-Association of Losing Association of America. > http://www.hearingloss.org/content/prevention-hearing-loss
> Iinkcukacha eziSiseko malunga nokuLawula. I-Association of Losing Association of America. http://www.hearingloss.org/content/basic-faction-about-hearing-loss
> Imithi yama-Ototoxic (Imiphumo yeMithi). I-website ye-American Talk-Language-Hearing Association. http://www.asha.org/public/hearing/Ototoxic-Medications/
> I-Ototoxicity: Ingozi Efihliweyo. Kwi-NCBI iwebhusayithi. Ukuhlaziywa ngoFebruwari 2011. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3138949/