I- meningioma kukukhula okungavamile kwezicubu ezijikeleze ingqondo, ebizwa ngokuba yi-meninges. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-meningiomas ifuna kuphela ukuvavanywa ngezikhathi kunye novavanyo logqirha kunye neengcinga ze-neuroimaging, njengoko iimvumi zivame ukukhula ngokukhawuleza. Ngamanye amaxesha, nangona kunjalo, i-tumor ingacinezela ingqondo okanye umgudu womgcini. Kule meko, unyango lubizwa.
I-Meningiomas ingaphathwa ngokuhlinzwa okanye i-radiation. Ikhondo elifanelekileyo lokusebenza lixhomekeke kubukhulu besisu, indawo, izinga lokukhula, nokubonakala phantsi kwe-microscope. Ulwaphulo olufanelekileyo luxhomekeke kumgangatho ngamnye wempilo.
Uhlolo lokuSebenza
Ukulinda ngokukhawuleza, okubizwa nangokuthi "ukulinda okulindileyo," kuyindlela eqhelekileyo yokuqala kwimingeniomas. Oku kuyinyaniso ngokukodwa ukuba i-meningioma ifunyenwe ngephikimeni ngexesha lembambano yenkinga engahambelaniyo. Ngokomzekelo, i-meningioma ingabonwa xa umntu efumana intloko ye-CT emva kwengozi yebhayisikili, nangona abazange baqaphele nayiphi na uphawu lwe-tumor ngaphambi kokuskena. Le ndlela iqhelekile kubantu abaninzi abanokuchaphazeleka ngenxa yeziphumo zonyango.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, i- CT okanye i-MRI scan iphindwa emva kweenyanga ezintathu ukuya kwezi-6 emva kokuqala. Zingenokwenziwa okokuqala kanye ngonyaka ngeminyaka embalwa yokuqala, zicinga ukuba akukho zibonakaliso ezintsha kwaye i-meningioma ayitshintshi ngokuphawulekayo.
Kule nkalo, unyango lunokucetyiswa.
UkuCandwa
Ukususwa kokutshintshwa kwe-meningioma yonyango olukhethiweyo kwiimeko ezininzi ze-meningioma. Ngoxa iinjongo ukususa zonke i-tumor, oku akunakwenzeka ngokuxhomekeka kwindawo yendawo yokulala kunye nobukhulu. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba i-tumor isondele kakhulu kwiindawo ezingundoqo zeengqondo okanye emithanjeni yegazi, ingozi yokususwa ingadlula nayiphina inzuzo ebonakalayo.
Ngokomzekelo, ukuzalisa i-resection kuvame ukuzama ukuba i-tumor ingaphezulu komphezulu wengqondo okanye i -groove e-olfactory . Ukubuyisana ngokukhethekileyo kunokuba kuyimfuneko kunokuba kunzima ukuba ufikelele kwimimandla efana ne-clivus.
I-neurosurgery inobungozi. Ngokomzekelo, ukuvuvukala kunokuvela ngokuqokelela kwintsholongwane yengqondo ebizwa ngokuba yi-edema ye-cerebral. Ukuzikhukhumeza okunjalo kunokubangela iingxaki zeengxaki ezinjenge-numbness, ubuthathaka okanye ubunzima ngokuthetha okanye ukuhamba. I-edema ye-cerebral inokuncitshiswa ngamayeza afana ne-corticosteroids kwaye ijwayele ukuhamba yodwa kwiiveki ezimbalwa. Kungenzeka ngezinye izihlandlo zenzeke emva kokuhlinzwa; nangona kunjalo, ngelixa i-anticonxsantshini idlalwa ukukhusela ukuxhatshazwa, ukusetyenziswa okunjalo akubonakaliswa ngokubanzi kwaye kuyisihloko sokuphikisana.
Ngenxa yokuba umzimba ufuna ukukhusela ukuphuma kwegazi ngokugqithiseleyo emva kokuhlinzwa, amaqhosha angabumba ngokulula, kubandakanywa nakwiindawo apho igazi lifuna ukuhamba ngokukhululeka. Ngenxa yoko, unyango lokuthintela i-clots yegazi luyasetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo. Izingozi zokuhlinzwa zixhomekeke kwizinga le-tumor kunye nendawo. Ukuba i-tumor isesiseko se-crane, umzekelo, iimbilini ze-cranial endaweni zingasengozini ngexesha lotyando.
Utyando lweyeza
Uphulo lwe-radiation luhlala lubandakanya ukujoliswa kwamandla aphezulu x-ray kwi-tumor.
Injongo kukunciphisa ukugqithiswa kwemisebe kwindawo yonke yengqondo. I-radiation ivame ukucetyiswa ukuba ixilongo ezingenasisigxina kunye nezobugwenxa, kwaye ngelixa kungekho zilingo ezingenangqondo, umbane uyaxhaswa ngokulandela utyando olushushu.
Ulwaphulo lwe-radiation lunokuhanjiswa ngeendlela ezininzi. Enye indlela, unyango lwe-radiation eqaqambileyo, uhambisa izifo ezincinci kwixesha elide. Le ndlela iluncedo ngokukhethekileyo kwi-optic nerve sheath meningiomas, kwaye mhlawumbi kunye ne-meningiomas encinci kwisiseko sekhanga. Ngokwahlukileyo, i-radiosurgery i-stereotactic ihambisa iqondo elilodwa eliphezulu lombane kwiindawo ezihlala kwindawo yengqondo.
Le ndlela isetyenziswe kakuhle kwiimvumi ezincinci kwiziza ezikhethiweyo apho ukugqithwa kokugqithisa kunzima.
Imiphumo emibi yonyango ye-radiation ayiqhelekanga. Ukulahleka kweenwele ngokuqhelekileyo kuvela kwiinkqubo zonyango lweemitha. Nangona ilahleko ingasigxina, iinwele ziqala ukukhula emva kweenyanga ezintathu emva kokonyango. Ukukhathala, ukuphathwa kwintlungu okanye isicupunu sinokuvela.
Iimpawu ze-WHO ze-grade II ne-III zisoloko ziphathwa ngokuhlanganiswa kokuhlinzwa kunye nemisebe, kunye neyokugqibela ukunikezelwa kwee-radiation ezingaphezu kwe-WHO grade I meningiomas. Nangona zonke iinzame, i-meningiomas ngezinye ixesha ibuyele kwakhona, ngokuqhelekileyo ecaleni kwintsimi ye-radiation. I-Meningioma ingasasazeka kwi-spinal fluid ukuya kwintambo yomgogodla ("ukulahla i- metastase "). Iinqunto zokonyango zenziwa kakuhle ngokubambisana ne-neurosurgeon, kunye nezigqibo kwi-dosing kunye neendlela zokuhambisa i-radiation ekhokelwa yi-oncologist.
Imithombo:
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UMarosi C, uHassler M, uRoessler K, et al. Meningioma. Crit Rev Uphiko Hematol 2008; 67: 153.
Minniti G, Amichetti M, Enrici RM. Radiotherapy kunye ne-radiosurgery ye-benign skull base meningiomas. Radiat Oncol 2009; 4:42.
Pamir N, Black P, Fahlbusch R. Meningiomas: Umbhalo opheleleyo, u-Elsevier, 2009.
Yano S, Kuratsu J, Kumamoto Ubungqingili boBugcisa boPhando. Izibonakaliso zonyango kwizigulane ezine-meningiomas ezingenasifo esekelwe kumava amaninzi. J Neurosurg 2006; 105: 538.