Kuze kube ngoku ndiyazi, akukho nto into enjengomzimba ohlambalayo. Oko kwathiwa, ininzi yexesha i-meningioma i malunga nokubola kwengqondo njengoko unokufumana. Enyanisweni, ngandlela-thile, awanakho ukubala njengengxaki yomkhuhlane.
Yintoni i-Meningioma?
Nangona i-meningiomas idlalwa njengengxube yeengqondo eziphambili , ndasebenzisa iingcaphuno ezingentla ngenxa yokuba i-meningioma ingeyona isisu seengqondo zenyama.
Kunoko, i-meningioma ikhula ukusuka kuma-meninges, izikhumba ezikhuselekileyo ezijikeleze ubuchopho. Ngokukodwa, i-meningiomas ngokuqhelekileyo ivela kwi- arachnoid mater .
Amazwi alandela iingongoma ezinkulu zeengqondo. Ngokomzekelo, i-meninges idlulela ngaphakathi phakathi kwengqondo apho i-hemisphere ekhohlo kunye nekhohlo iyahlukana, kwaye iphinda igqonge isiseko skull kunye ne-optic nerves. Iimpawu kunye nokonyango kwe-meningioma ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo yokudlala.
Ngamaxesha amaninzi i-Meningiomas ichongwa njani?
Nangona uphando lwabantu abangaphezu kwe-2000 kwi-autopsy lucebise ukuba malunga neepesenti ezi-1 zabantu abanokuba ne-meningioma, abaqhelekanga ukuba bahlala bephila. Amathumba angakhula ngokukhawuleza, ngamanye amaxesha kunzima.
Ngokutsho kweRegistry Brain Tumor Registry e-United States (i-CBTRUS), ukuqikelelwa kwe-meningioma e-United States ngabantu abangama-170,000. Ngokusekelwe kula manani, i-meningiomas ziphakathi kwezona zinto ziqhelekileyo kuzo zonke izicubu zeengqondo, ukubalwa malunga neyesithathu kweemeko.
Ukuba i-meningiomas ibangela iingxaki, zivame ukuphathwa ngokugqithiseleyo ngokulula. Oko kwathiwa, i-meningiomas ngamanye amaxesha ingaba yinto enzulu okanye yongela ubomi. Ukwahluka kuluhlobo kunye nendawo ye-meningioma, kunye neempawu ezizodwa zabantu.
Mngcipheko
Ezinye izingozi ze-meningioma azikwazi ukuncedwa.
Ngokomzekelo, i-meningiomas ubuncinane kabini ngokuqhelekileyo kubasetyhini xa kuthelekiswa namadoda. Isiganeko se-meningiomas sanda ngokukhula. Azinqabile kubantwana kodwa mhlawumbi uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwesifo seengqondo esixilongwe kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka eyi-85.
Kukho iziganeko zobuncwane kwi-meningioma. Into eyaziwa kakhulu yi-neurofibromatosis hlobo II, eyandisa amathuba omntu onokufumana amaninzi amaninzi. Le syndrome ingenxa yokuguqulwa kwesigidi se- NF2 , ngokuqhelekileyo kunceda ukunqanda izicubu. Ezinye izakhi zofuzo ezichaphazelekayo kwi-meningioma zi-DAL1, AKT1, ne-TRAF7.
I-radiation iyona nto ingabonakaliyo ingozi ye-meningioma. Oku kufundiswa kakuhle kwiimeko apho ubuchopho buye kwaxiliswa kunyango lomhlaza othile. Ekubeni kunokuba nexesha elide phakathi kwexesha lemitha kunye nokufumanisa kwe-meningioma, umngcipheko uphezulu kubantwana. Ngokomzekelo, ekuhlolisweni kwabantu abangama-49 abanesifo se-leukemia ebuntwaneni baphathwe nge-radiation, abane-meningiomas emva kwexesha eliphakathi kweminyaka eyi-25. Izaziso ngamayeza ogqirha ezifana nama-X-rays yamazinyo aphantsi kakhulu, nangona uphando lubonise ukuxhamla phakathi kokusetyenziswa kwe-X-ray rhoqo kunye nokukhula kwe-meningioma.
Ezinye izinto ezibangelwa ingozi ye-meningioma ziye zafundiswa neziphumo eziphikisanayo, kubandakanya ukukhuluphala, i-hormone substitution, kunye ne-traum trauma.
Yintoni eyenza i-Meningioma imbi?
Nangona ininzi yabantu i-meningiomas inobungozi kangangokuthi mhlawumbi igweme ukufunyanwa, ingaba yinto enzulu. I-World Health Organisation iye yahlukanisa i-meningiomas kumabakala amathathu esekelwe ukubonakala kwayo phantsi kwe-microscope. Okugqithiseleyo kwibakala, kunobungozi be-meningioma.
- I-WHO yeBanga 1: i-Grade I meningiomas iyancipha. Ngelixa besenokufuna ukuhlinzwa ukuze kugweme ukunyanzeliswa kwezakhiwo zobuchopho ezibalulekileyo, kaninzi akukho nto imfuneko kunokuba uphando lwexesha elithile luqinisekise ukuba alufumani kakhulu.
- WHO Bakala 2: Le meningiomas ineempawu ezininzi zesahlulo seeseli esisebenzayo. Ilumkiso kufuneka lithathwe kunye nalezi zicubu. Iincinci ziquka i-chordoid, iseli ecacileyo kunye ne-meningiomas ye-atypical.
- WHO Bakala lesi-3: Ezi zicubu zinemiqondiso emininzi yokwahlukana kweeseli esebenzayo. Isisu singase singene ngaphakathi kwengqondo okanye sibonise indawo yokufa kweeseli. Iincinci ziquka i-papillary, i-rhabdoid ne-aplastic meningiomas. Iipesenti ezi-2 ukuya kwi-3 kuphela yazo zonke i-meningiomas ziBakala 3.
Izigulane ezineemfundo eziphambili ze-meningiomas ziyakwazi ukuba nokuphindaphinda kwe-meningioma emva kokunyanga kwaye zinokwenzeka ukuba zibe nomngcipheko ophezulu wokufa jikelele. Ukusinda kweminyaka emithathu yokungahlawulelwa kwama-meningioma kuye kwachazwa kuma-87 ekhulwini xa kuthelekiswa nama-29 ekhulwini kwi-grade III.
Kungakhathaliseki uhlobo lwe-meningioma, indawo kunye nobukhulu kunokubaluleka kakhulu ekunqumeni imfuno kunye nokuphuthuma kwonyango. Okubaluleke kakhulu, nangona kunjalo, indlela umntu one-meningioma enza ngayo ubomi babo bemihla ngemihla.
Imithombo:
Banerjee J, Pääkkö E, Harila M, et al. I-meningiomas eyenziwa ngamayeza: isithunzi kwiimpumelelo zengxaki ye-leukemia yengane. Neuro Oncol 2009; 11: 543.
UClaus EB, uBondy ML, uSchildkraut JM, et al. I-Epidemiology ye-intracranial meningioma. Neurosurgery 2005; 57: 1088.
Wrensch, M, Minn, Y, Chew, T, et al. I-Epidemiology yeengxaki zeengqondo eziphambili: Iingcamango zangoku kunye nokuhlaziywa kweencwadi. Neuro-Oncology 2002; 4: 278.
Yang SY, Park CK, Park Park SH, et al. I-Atypical and aplastic meningiomas: iziphumo zokuchazwa kweempawu zeekliniki. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2008; 79: 574.