Ukusebenzisana Kunokukunceda Ukugcina Umtshato Wenu Unamandla
Ngaba i-autism kwintsapho iyakhokelela ekuqhawuleni umtshato? Izifundo eziliqela zijonge kulo mbandela kwaye, ngokungenabubele, ngamnye wenyuka ngokuchasene ngqo neziphumo.
Yintoni abaphandi abayaziyo kukuba, i-autism yinto ekhethekileyo yokukhathazeka kwengcinezelo yabanakekeli. I-Autism ingakhokelela ekutshintsheni okungaqhelekanga kwaye kunzima ukulawula, ukungavumelani, kunye nokukhungatheka kwabazali.
Kwezinye iibinibini, inkqubo yokujongana kunye nokuxazulula le micimbi ikhokelela kumanyano onamandla. Kwabanye, uxinzelelo lunokubangela ukuba umtshato uqhekeke uze uquke.
Ziziphi izinto ezibangela uxinzelelo olungavamile? Unokuba njani omnye wale mibini ebangela ukuba uxinzelele uxinzelelo kwaye ube namandla ngenxa yoko?
Uphendule Ngokungafani Neengxaki NgeNtuthuko Yomntwana Wakho
Umkhulu womntwana wakho, utitshala, okanye umntanki uxelela ukuba babona into "yokucima" malunga nomntwana wakho. Mhlawumbi abaphendulanga xa bethetha ... mhlawumbi umdlalo wabo uhlala wedwa wodwa ... mhlawumbi ukuphuhliswa kolwimi oluthethiweyo kuhamba kancane. Uphendula njani?
Ezinye izibini zisabela ngendlela echanekileyo. Umzali omnye uyazikhusela, okanye ubonisa ukungafani komntwana kumandla-umzekelo: "Kakade akaphenduli kuwe xa ubiza. Okwangoku, omnye umzali uyaxhalabisa, ukujonga yonke into engaqhelekanga okanye ukulibaziseka kokuphuhliswa .
Incoko ihamba into enje:
Umzali A: Umama wayelungile. UJohnny akasaphenduli xa ndibiza igama lakhe, kodwa ubonakala eva kakuhle ... Ndiyazibuza ukuba ndifanele ndimthathe ugqirha.
Umzali B: UYohny ulungile. Nguyo umama wakho ongenakucinezela.
Umzali A: Ndicinga ukuba umama unendawo; Ndiye ndaqaphela ukuba ubonakala enqabileyo nxamnye nentlalo.
Umzali B: Ngaba uya kucela ukuyeka ukukhathazeka uze ulale?
Ukuba uNyana wayeyinyani, ezi ntlobo zengxoxo ziya kuqhubeka. Baya kuba baninzi kwaye bashushu.
Ngexesha elithile, uMzali A uya kuthatha umntwana ukuba ahlolwe . Ngelo xesha, ukungavumelani kungaba nzima. Umzali B unokugatya iziphumo zokuvavanywa, okanye azibalule njengabalulekanga. Omnye umzali unokuziva ephihliweyo ngelixa omnye eziva enganyaniseki okanye enqatshelwe.
Ngokuhamba kwexesha, lolu hlobo lokungahambelani lungakhokelela kwimiphakamiso ephakamileyo njengoko kuphakanyiswa imibuzo malunga nokuba ingachithanga yini imali kwiinkqubo zonyango, iinkampu ezikhethekileyo okanye iinkxaso ezixhasayo. Kwakhona kuba ngumba umba ukuba abazali baxubushe ukungaboni ngaso phambi kwabanye abantwana okanye amalungu omndeni.
Ugqirha ofanelekileyo, onamava uya kuhlola kuphela umntwana nge autism ukuba loo mntwana unokulibaziseka okukhulu kunye nemingeni echaphazela amandla omntwana okusebenza. Isibalulekileyo, kule meko, kukuba uMzali A ukuba acacise uMzali B ukuba kutheni ukuxilongwa kukunceda. Abazali bangadinga ukufumanisa umgangatho oqhelekileyo: indlela yokugubha eyabonakalayo yomntwana xa eqinisekisa ukuba umntwana ufumana uncedo olufunekayo ukusebenza kakuhle ekhaya, esikolweni nakummandla.
Uyakwenza ngokungafaniyo neengxaki ze-Autism
Abantwana abane-autism bahluke.
Kwabazali abathile, loo ntlukwano ibonisa umngeni ekujonganeni nawo okanye ithuba lokukhula kunye nokufunda. Kwabanye abazali, ezo ntlukwano zibuhlungu kwaye ziphazamisekile. Kulula ukuqonda nokuba nembono, njengabantwana be-autistic:
- ayinakusebenzisa ulwimi oluthethiweyo.
- unokwenza ingxolo enkulu-okanye ingaba yicace.
- unokuba ngumsindo okanye unokuphazamisa okanye ukuziphatha okunyanyekayo.
Kuthatha amandla kunye nengcamango ukujonga indlela yokubandakanyeka nomntwana ongu-autistic, kwaye inkqubo inokukhupha. Kwabanye abantu, akunakwenzeka ukuba bazive bephumelele ngomntwana omele.
Mhlawumbi kunzima kuninzi kubantu abadala, ukuba ngumzali wengane ye-autistic kuthetha ukuba ngumntu ongaphandle kwimbutho yomzali.
Umntwana wakho akunakwenzeka ukuba yinxalenye yeqela lezemidlalo okanye iqela. Ukudlala imihla ngumsebenzi onzima. Izimemo zePhathi ziphantse zingekho. Ukuba ngumzali we-autism kunokukwenza uzive ukhululekile, udidekile okanye udibanise.
Ilingela umzali osebenza kakuhle nomntwana ozimelayo ukuba athathe yonke imbopheleleko. Emva koko, abayikuyenza-kwaye omnye umzali unokuziva ekhululekile. Akukho nto ingqubana. Ingxaki ngale ndlela kukuba abazali abafanele babe liqela baqale ubomi ubomi obuhlukeneyo. Kwinqanaba elithile, abanalo okufanayo.
Kubalulekile, nangona umzali omnye ethatha uxanduva oluninzi lwe-autism, ukuba omnye umzali achithe ixesha kunye nomntwana wakhe. Kungase kube lula okanye kukhwankqise ekuqaleni, kodwa kukho into eninzi efunekayo. Umzali angayi kufunda kuphela ngomntwana kunye neemfuno zakhe, kodwa unokufumana nokukwazi ukuxhamla. Kwaye nokuba ngaba "isenzo," ukuthatha ixesha lomntwana ongu-autistic kunokuthetha ihlabathi kumlingane wakho.
Uphendule ngokungafaniyo nokungaqiniseki kwi-autism
Ukuba umntwana wakho wayenokuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo kwezokwelapha, kuya kuba lula ukuvuma ukufumana nokulandela isiluleko esingcono kakhulu sezokwelapha. Kodwa akukho nto ecacileyo malunga ne-autism. Nazi ezinye iindlela ezimbalwa ezibonakalisa ukuba i-autism yenzelwe ukuphazamisa nokudideka abazali:
- Umbono we-autism ngokwenene nje ngowona mqondiso weempawu, ezama-1980, zandisiwe ukuba zibandakanye uluhlu olukhuselekileyo lokukhubazeka. I-Asperger syndrome ayinakongezwa kwikhowudi yokuxilonga kude kube ngo-1994-kwaye yanyamalala kwakhona ngo-2013. Ngaba "i-autism spectrum" nokuba i-diagnostic yangempela? Ngokuqinisekileyo kukho indawo yokungavumelani!
- Akukho mntu, kuquka nogqirha wakho, unokubonelela ngokuchanekileyo ngomntwana wakho. Yintoni eya kuyenza xa ekhula? Yiziphi iimfuno eziza kuyidinga njengomdala? Akukho mntu uyazi-kungekhona wena, kungekhona umlingane wakho, kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo akayikho umyeni wakho.
- Akukho mntu, kubandakanye utitshala womntwana wakho okanye ugqirha, onokukuxelela ukuba uninzi lwaluphi unyango okanye isilwanyana esaneleyo (okanye kakhulu) kumntwana wakho. Yintoni eyona embi, kukho ezininzi iindlela eziyingozi kunye / okanye ezingavumelekanga-kwaye ezinye zinokuba luncedo kumntwana wakho. Unokuzama unyango omnye okanye amahlanu, kwaye unokufumana iziphumo ezimbi okanye ezimbi.
- Akukho mntu unokuchonga ngokuchanekileyo ukuba umntwana wakho uya kwenza ngcono kwiziko elizibandakanya isikolo okanye isikolo esithile se-autism okanye ukuhlanganiswa kokubili . Abaqeqeshi bezemfundo bangaba nemibono, kodwa ezo ngcamango zihlala zingalunganga. Indlela yodwa yokufumanisa ukuzama umntwana wakho kwaye ubukele ukubona oko kwenzekayo.
Konke okungaqinisekiyo kuya kubangela ukubahluko phakathi kwabazali. Nangona umzali omnye efuna ukunamathela kumanyathelo okulondoloza, omnye unomdla ekuhloleni iindlela ezintsha. Nangona umzali omnye enqwenela ukuba umntwana wakhe afakwe kunye noontanga, omnye uxhalabisa ngokuxhatshazwa kwaye ufuna iindawo ezizodwa.
Ukuphendula ngokungaqiniseki kudla ngokuba ngumntu kunye namava. Umzali omnye, umzekelo, mhlawumbi wayephila ngokuxhatshazwa komnye umntu enesipiliyoni esikolweni. Omnye umzali unokunandipha inkqubo yokufunda malunga neendlela ezininzi zokwelapha xa omnye eziva ephazamiseke. Izigqibo malunga nezikolo okanye ukucwangcisa abantu abadala, zibaluleke kakhulu kulo lonke intsapho-ngoko ke ukungafani phakathi kwemiba kunokukhokelela kwiziphumo ezinxulumene nolwalamano.
Ukuncintisana kunokubaluleka kule meko. Ngokuqinisekileyo yimeko apho umzali engafuni ukubeka ingozi kumntwana wakhe-kwaye oko kuthetha ukuba iintlobo ezithile zonyango "zonyango" ziphuma kwimida. Ukongezelela, bobabini abazali banokuvuma ukuba iinqununu zamaziko asemgangathweni, ephakamileyo (njengesikolo sikarhulumente kunye nezonyango ezixhaswe nge-inshorensi) zifanele ukuzama. Ukuba ezi zikhethi zingasebenzi, ukhetho olongezelelweyo luhlala lukhona.
Omnye Umzali Uba yi-Autism Specialist ngelixa elinye liyakukhusela isihloko
Ukuba omnye umzali-ngokuqhelekileyo unina-ngumncedisi oyintloko, loo mzali uhlala eqala njengomntu ofunda nge autism kuqala. Nguye othetha notitshala malunga "nemiba" kwizikole zasesikolweni. Nguye odibana nabahlengikazi bezentuthuko, wenza uvavanyo lokuqeshwa, uhlalutye, kwaye uva malunga neziphumo.
Ngenxa yokuba oomama badla ngokubambisana kakhulu, bahlala bebaphandi abanomdla kunye nabaxhasi. Bafunda ngomthetho okhethekileyo wemfundo, ukhetho lwezokwelapha , i- inshurensi yezempilo , amaqela enkxaso , iinkqubo ezizodwa zemfuno , iinkampu ezizodwa kunye neendlela zokufundela.
Ngako-ke, oomama baba ngabaphulaphuli abajoliswe kwiintengiso, iinkomfa, iimveliso, iinkqubo kunye namaqela. Oomama ngabaxhasi kunye nabaxhasi beengxowa-mali, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo ngaba omama abathatha iinkampani kunye nabangenazo inzuzo, bawaxhaphaze ukuba banikeze iimveliso ezinobungane, iziganeko kunye neenkqubo. Xa iziganeko kunye neeprogram zenzeka, oomama baqhelekile ukuba bathathe abantwana babo.
Konke oku kwenza kube nzima ukuba ooyise (okanye amaqabane angengabantwana abancinci bokunyamekela) ukuba bangene ngaphakathi kwaye bathathe uxanduva olulinganayo kumntwana wabo ozimele. Akunalo kuphela umnakekeli oyintloko othe uxanduva kunye negunya, kodwa amancinci amancinci anobungane kubabawo okanye abanonophelo abangabalulekanga njengokuba kufanelekile. Isiphumo kukuba umnakekeli ongeyena oyintloko uyaphumelela ukuba ngumntu ongaphandle kwe-autism. Unako ukuthatha uxanduva malunga nokuhlakulela abantakwabo okanye imisebenzi yasekhaya, ngoxa esele engazi kakuhle ukuba yintoni umlingane wakhe kunye nomntwana we-autistic.
Isisombululo esicacileyo kule ngxaki kukuyiphonsa. Njengoko kunokwenzeka, abanonophelo kufuneka babelane ngokubambisana kunye negunya. Kunokuba bahlule kwaye banqobe, isibini kufuneka sisebenze kanzima ukwabelana kunye nokusebenzisana.
Ucinga Ngokungafaniyo Ngakanani ixesha, iMali, kunye neNamandla kufuneka zijoliswe kwi-Autism
Le ngxaki enkulu-kuba imbono yakho kule ngxaki iya kuthintela phantse zonke izigqibo ozenzayo njengesibini. Ukuba awuvumelani nesigaba esisiseko, unokwenza ukuba, ngokwenene, ufumanisa ukuba awunabo abalingani bokuphila obuhambelanayo. Nasi isizathu:
Ixesha lixabiseke. Akuthatheli i-imagination ukubona indlela i-autism inokuzalisa ngayo ixesha elipheleleyo lomzali. Qala kunye nexesha elifunekayo kwiintlanganiso ze-IEP (imfundo ekhethekileyo) kunye nokulawula ootitshala nabagqirha kwisimo sesikolo. Yongeza ixesha elifunekayo lokucwangcisa, ukufika, kunye nokuya kutyelelo loogqirha kunye nabagqirha. Ezi zinto azikhethekanga, kwaye akukho ntloni ezama ukufumana udokotela wamazinyo ogqirha nge-autism kummandla wendawo.
Ngoku khawucinge ngento enokwenzeka ntoni xa omnye umzali ethatha isigqibo sokujika uphando lwe-autism kwi-hobby yexesha elizeleyo. Uxhomekeke kumaqela enkxaso ye-autism, ikomiti yeemfuno ezizodwa zesikolo, iinkomfa ze-autism kunye neendibano, iintetho ezinxulumene ne-autism kunye neengxowa-mali, kunye neenkqubo zemidlalo ezizodwa, iividiyo, iincwadi ... Kulula ukubona indlela i-autism inokukhawuleza ngayo yonke ixesha elikhoyo.
Kodwa umtshato omhle okanye ubambiswano uthatha ixesha kunye nencoko. Ngoko ulwalamano kunye nabanye abantwana. Ukuba omnye umlingane uthe (kwaye uthetha) ukuba abanalo ixesha lokufaka iqabane lawo okanye abanye abantwana, ubudlelwane boba buyingxaki.
Imali ingaba ngongoma. Imali ayiyonto ingabalulekanga. Kwaye xa kuziwa kwi-autism, akukho mpela umda wokuba ingakanani imali abazali abangayisebenzisa. Kungenxa yokuba akukho nonyango eyaziwayo ye-autism, kwaye (kwiimeko ezininzi) akukho ndlela yokukwazi ukuba unyango, inkqubo okanye ukubekwa kwezemfundo kunokuba luncedo. Ngaloo ndlela, akuqhelekanga ukuba abazali bangavumelani nantoni yokuchitha ixesha, kwantoni na, ixesha elide, kwindleko ekhoyo kwintsapho okanye ngokutsha kwokhuseleko.
Ngaba kufuneka ndiyeke umsebenzi wam ukulawula imithi ye- autism ? Ngaba kufuneka sithengise indlu ukuze sihlawule isikolo sabucala? Ukuchitha imali yethu yomhlala-phantsi kwiyeza elitsha? Sebenzisa enye ikolishi yekholeji yomntwana ukuhlawula ikampu yokwelapha ? Akukho ndlela yokuba bobabini bachithe imali kwaye bachithe imali ngexesha elifanayo.
Amandla akwi-premium. Abazali abaninzi bafumana i-autism ikhupha. Ngomsebenzi uthatha ukufumana umntwana wabo kwaye egqoke ukuxinezeleka kokulawula isikolo sabantwana babo, unyango, oogqirha kunye neenkqubo ezizodwa, akukho nto ikhoyo ekupheleni kosuku. Xa oko kwenzeka, intsebenziswano kunye nemitshato iya kunqumla.
Ngaphantsi
Nangona kulula ukuyihoxisa okanye ukuxhathisa imimangalo njengoko ikhula, ukungafani okunjalo kungabangela umngeni omkhulu kumtshato okanye kubambiswano. Isibalulekileyo sokuphepha loo mingeni kukunxibelelwano-ubuncinane kwinqanaba-intsebenziswano.
> Imithombo:
> Hartley, S. et al. Umngcipheko onobungozi kunye nexesha lokuqhawula umtshato kwiintsapho zabazali abane-disism disorder disorder. J Fam Psychol. Ngo-2010 Agasti; 24 (4): 449-457.
> I-Kennedy Krieger Institute. Ipesenti ye-divorce ye-autism engama-80 yaxutywa kwisifundo sesayensi sesibini. I-Kennedy Krieger Institute. Webhu, 2014.
> Yunivesithi yaseWisconsin, Madison. Ucwaningo lwe-UW-Madison luchaza iinkcukacha ze-autism ezinzima kwimitshato. IYunivesithi yaseWisconsin School of Medicine kunye neMpilo kaRhulumente. KwiWebhu. 2015.