Ewe, uMthetho wamaMerika okhubazekileyo usebenza kwiimeko ezithile
Ngaba uMthetho wama-America okhubazekileyo (ADA) ufihla abantu abanezifo eziqhekezayo? Kuthiwani ngokuqinisekisa ukutya okungenamdla kwe-gluten? I-ADA inokwenzani kwaye ayikwazi ukwenza ntoni abantu abanezifo eziqhenqileyo okanye ubuninzi be-gluten ?
UMthetho waseMelika okhubazekileyo (ADA)
UMthetho waseMerika okhubazekileyo (ADA) wenza okungaphezulu nje kokufuna ukuba ishishini libone iindawo zokuhlala ezinamavili ezinokukhubazeka kunye namaziko okuhlambela okukhubazeka.
Isenzo sithintela ulwaphulo-mthetho kwingqesho esekelwe ukukhubazeka, kwaye kufuna ukuba onke amaziko karhulumente afumaneke kubantu abanokukhubazeka.
I-ADA iqulethe izibonelelo ezine eziphambili:
- Ithintela ukucalulwa kwemisebenzi ngenxa yokukhubazeka
- Ithintela ulwahlulo kubantu abakhubazekileyo kwinqanaba likarhulumente wengingqi okanye likarhulumente
- Ithintela ulwahlulo olusekelwe ekukhubazekeni kumashishini anikezela ngempahla, iinkonzo, izibonelelo okanye indawo yokuhlala kwindawo kawonkewonke
- Ifuna iinkampani zethungelwano ukuba zithathe amanyathelo ukuqinisekisa ukuba zinokunikela "iinkonzo ezilinganayo" kubantu abakhubazekileyo
I-ADA Yandiswe ngo-2009 ukubandakanya imisebenzi enje njengokuthi "Ukutya" kunye "neMisebenzi emikhulu yeBhodi"
Ngomnyaka we-2008, iCongress yalungisa i-ADA (eyaphumelela ekuqaleni ngo-1990) ukuba ichaze ukuba ihlanganise "imisebenzi ebalulekileyo yokuphila" njengokutya. Abenzi bomthetho baphinde bathi "imisebenzi ebalulekileyo yokuphila" ehlanganiswe phantsi koMthetho yayiquka "ukusebenza komsebenzi omkhulu womzimba," kubandakanywa nesistim somzimba kunye nesistim sokutya.
Ngokusekelwe kulolo lwandiso luka-2008, kucacile ukuba izifo zombini ze-celiac kunye nobutyebi bukaGlututen buwela phantsi kwe-ADA, nangona "zikhubaze ezingabonakaliyo." Kodwa ubungakanani bendawo yokuhlala phantsi komthetho akucaci.
Ngaba i-ADA isiqinisekiso sokutya okungekho i-Gluten-Free Simahla?
Ngokweengcamango, ukuba nesifo se-celiac kunye nobutyebi buka gluten obuthatyathwe yi-ADA kufuneka kukuqiniseke ukuba ufikelele kokutya okukhuselekileyo kwezinye iimeko apho ungenakho ukufikelela ngokufanelekileyo kwimithombo yokutya yangaphandle, njengokungathi ubanjelwe entolongweni okanye uthatha uhambo (ngokucacileyo imeko e zimbini ezahlukeneyo!).
I-ADA inokufuna ukuba umqeshi wakho akunike isidlo sama-gluten ukuba ufanele ukuya kwintlanganiso yasemini apho kukuphela kokutya okufumanekayo kunikwa ngumqeshi. Umthetho kufuneka ufune umqeshi wakho ukuba akuvumele ukuqhutyelwa kwamathuba okuphumla okugqithiseleyo kunabanye abasebenzi.
Ngokwenza, nangona kunjalo, kuya kufuneka ubencengise abo baphetheyo ukuba i-ADA ihlanganisa imeko yakho. Ukuba ufuna ukuba bahlale benokutya okungekho gluten, kufuneka ukuba unikeze isikhokelo esiphezulu kubantu abalungiselela ukutya, kwaye banokulwela ukunyanzelisa iziko elikulo mbuzo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zakho.
Nangona uchanekile ngokuchanekileyo malunga neemfuno ze-ADA kwimiba ethile, unokufumana kulula kwaye ungaphazamisi ukunyamekela iimfuno zakho, kunokuba ucinezele ingqalelo kumqeshi okanye kwisiko. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko (ukuba uhlala entolongweni, umzekelo), unganakho ukhetho ... kodwa ngaphambi kokuba unqume ukuba ngaba ucinezele ityala lakho, kunokukunceda ukuba uqonde i-genees ye-ADA kunye nezinye ingqiqo emva kwayo.
Izifo zeCeliac, Non-Celiac Gluten Ukuzwela, i-ADA neKholeji
I-ADA ngokuqinisekileyo isebenza kwiikholeji apho abafundi abahlala kwikampus kufuneka bathenge isicwangciso sokutya, ngokweSebe lezoBulungisa base-United States (DOJ).
Ekupheleni kowama-2012, i-DOJ yabhengezela isivumelwano semvumelwano kunye neYunivesithi yaseLesley eCambridge, iMisa., Leyo idinga ukuba iyunivesithi inike i-gluten-free and free allergen-free rooms kwiihholo zayo zokudlela.
Ukulandela i-DOJ-Lesley i-University settlement (ekwafuna ukuba isikolo sihlawule i-$ 50,000 kwiimali ezihlawuliswayo kubafundi abaye bachongwa ngaphambili okanye ezinye izinto zokutya,) iSiseko seSizwe soKwaziswa okuCeliac sicele ezinye iikholeji neeyunivesithi ukuba zenze indawo yokuhlala echazwe kwi-settlement.
Nangona kunjalo, akucaci ukuba zeziphi ezinye iimeko ezibandakanya ukungabikho kokutya okungekho i-gluten ziza kuthatyathwa njengophula umthetho we-ADA-kwisigqibo sayo sokuhlaliswa, i-DOJ yathi kuphela "ukunyuka kokutya kungahle kwenzeke ukukhubazeka phantsi kwe-ADA" (ugxininiso lwethu. ) U
Oko i-ADA enokuyenza kwaye ayikwazi ukuyenza kubantu abane-Celiac ne-Gluten Sensitivity
Kunokuba nzima ukufunda ngokusemthethweni amalungiselelo e-ADA ukuze ukwazi ukuba yintoni enokuthi ingabhekiswa kuyo ukuba uhlala kunye nesifo esiqhekezayo okanye ubuninzi be-gluten. Nayi imizekelo embalwa:
• I-ADA inokukunceda kwiimeko zokuqesha iingxaki ezibandakanya umqeshi onokuba ngumqeshi. Umzekelo, umqeshi akakwazi ukubandlulula ekuqeshweni izigqibo kuba unesi sifo se-celiac okanye u-sensitivity we-gluten, ngaphandle kokuba unelungelo lokufumana isikhundla esiphezulu. Kodwa oku akunakwenzeka ukuba kwenzeke rhoqo rhoqo, kwaye akukho naluphi na ucalulo olubandakanya isifo se-celiac okanye ukutya kokutya okukhankanywe kwi-website ye-Komiti ye-Equal Employment Commission okanye kwimeko yomthetho.
• I-ADA kungenzeka ukuba inokukunceda ukuba ufuna iindawo zokuphumla eziqhelekileyo emsebenzini. Izigqibo ezininzi zenkundla ziye zalawula ukuba iindawo zokuphumula zokuhlala eziqhelekileyo zihlala "kwindawo yokuhlala yokuhlala" kumntu onesifo sokukhubazeka, kodwa unako ukufumana ukufikelela okungenamkhawulo kwindlu yokuphumla ukuba umsebenzi wakho ufuna ukuba ube kwisikhululo somsebenzi ngokuqhubekayo okanye ngokuqhubekayo .
• I-ADA idinga ukuba unikezwe ngokutya okukhuselekileyo kwindawo yokukhusela yongxamiseko okanye entolongweni. Akukho mbuzo malunga nale mfuno, kodwa kuya kufuneka ukuba ufundise abantu ababandakanyekayo ekulungiseleleni ukutya ukuze kwenzeke ukuba kwenzeke.
• I-ADA iya kukuvumela ukuba uhambise ukutya kwakho okungekho gluten kwiindawo apho ukutya okukhuselekileyo kungeke kube khona. Abalamli bezobugcisa bancedisa ukugqiba ityala eNew Hampshire elibandakanya umqhubi wezitishi zokutyelela owenqwenela ukuvumela umgibeli ngokutya kokutya ukuze azise ukutya kwakhe. Ekugqibeleni, uqhubi lomqhubi wezohambo uhlaziye iipolisi zalo ukwenzela ukuba bahlale behlala nabantu abanomzimba.
• I-ADA akunakukunceda ukunyanzelisa ivenkile ukuze ikunike ukutya okungekho gulen. Ukuphoqeleka ivenkile yokuzigcina ilungele ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zabantu bonke abanomdla wokungabikho komzimba, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ingaqhelekanga ukuba ukungabikho komfutho kungabikho, mhlawumbi kwakungeke kuthathelwe ingqalelo "ingqiqo" phantsi komthetho. Nangona kunjalo, akukho nkundla yamatyala eye yavavanya le ngqungquthela. Kunokuba uzame ukunyanzelisa indawo yokutyela ukuze wenze isidlo esingenasiphelo se-gluten ngokukhankanya i-ADA, uya kuba nenhlanhla engcono ngokusebenzisa iingcebiso zethu zokuhlala ngaphandle kwe-gluten kwiindawo zokudlela ukuze sisebenze ngokubambisana nomphathi kunye nabaphathi.
• I-ADA inokukwazi ukuncedisa umqeshi wakho ukuba akunike ukutya okungahambisani ne-gluten xa umqeshi uthengisa bonke abantu abasemini. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ubeka i-ADA njengesikhali esisesikweni kulo mzekelo, unokufumanisa ukuba umqeshi wakho uyeka ukuthenga wonke umntu wasemini ... kwaye uya kuba ngumntu omubi. Uya kuba ngcono ekusebenzeni ngokungaqhelekanga kunye nabani na oyalela ukutya ukuze ubone ukuba unokufumana into ekhuselekileyo njengenxalenye yomyalelo.
• I-ADA ayiyi kukunceda ukunyanzelisa iindawo zokutya zesikolo ukubonelela ngeentsuku ezingenasiphelo se-gluten kumntwana wakho ongenalusi. Oku kugutyungwa phantsi komthetho ohlukileyo-Icandelo 504 loMthetho wokuBuyiselwa kowe-1973. Khangela ngakumbi kule nkqubo ekusebenzeni ngeSikolo ngoko-ke umntwana wakho onokungafani neGluten angadla iCafeteria iiLunches kunye nokudala i-Gluten-Free 504 Plan .
• I-ADA ifuna ukuba unonophelo lwentsuku kunye nezikolo ezizimeleyo zamkela abantwana abanezondlo zokutya. Kukho ezinye izinto, nangona kunjalo, ngokuyinhloko kumaziko enkolo, ngoko kuya kufuneka ukuba unqume ukuba le nto isebenza kwimeko ethile.
Ngaphantsi kwi-ADA neCeliac Disease kunye ne-Gluten Sensitivity
Kukho konke, i-ADA ibonelela ngokukhusela okubalulekileyo-kokubili kwingqesho nakwiimeko zoluntu-kubantu abaphila nezifo ezingenakuqhafaza kunye nobutyebi be-gluten. Nangona kunjalo, ayikunikezeli ngengubo engenanto engafumanekanga kuyo yonke into yokutya ene-gluten oyifunayo ... kwaye ayiyikukhupha isidingo sokukhuthaza nokufundisa ukutya okukhuselekile koguten.
Ngokuqinisekileyo kukho imingeni ekudleni i-gluten-free ehamba ngaphaya komsebenzi wakho okanye kwimeko yoluntu. I-ADA ayifihla imisebenzi yabucala okanye yentsapho, kodwa oku kunokudala ukuxhalaba okukhulu komntu onesifo esiqhekezayo okanye ubuninzi be-gluten.
> Imithombo:
> IKomishoni ye-US Equal Employment Commission. UMthetho we-ADA oMiselweyo ka-2008. Https://www.eeoc.gov/laws/statutes/adaaa.cfm
> Isebe lezobuLungisa base-US, iDaily Rights Division. Isikhokelo soMthetho Wokukhubazeka. https://www.ada.gov/cguide.htm