Utyando oludlulileyo lwamadolo
Ukuguqulwa kwamadolo ekhethekileyo, okubizwa ngokuba ngu-unicompartmental knee subst substitution, yindlela yokutyunjwa enokuthi ithathelwe ingqalelo kunyango lwe- arthritis enamandla emadolweni . Ngokwesiko, izigulane ezine-arthritis eziphambili zendibano ziya kugqitywa ngokupheleleyo . Ukutshintshwa kweendolo ezipheleleyo, zonke i-cartilage zisuswe kwixolo, kunye nokufakelwa kwesinyithi kunye neplastiki kufakwa.
Inkqubo yokuguqulwa kwamadolo ekhethekileyo iye yavelisa umdla omkhulu ngenxa yokuba isebenzise isicatshulwa esincinci kwaye ivuselele ngokukhawuleza ngaphezu kokuhlinzwa okutshintshwa kwedolo. Ukuguqulwa kwamadolo ekhethekileyo luhlobo oluthile lokuhlinzwa okwenyukayo. Ingcamango ukususa kuphela iindawo eziwonakalisiweyo ze-cartilage kwi-joint, kwaye ushiye nayiphi na indawo enempilo yokubambisana ukuze usebenzise ngokuqhubekayo.
Uninzi ngokuphindaphindiweyo, ukutshintshwa kwamadolo okukhethekileyo kusetyenziswa izimpembelelo ezibekwe phakathi kokuphela kwethambo lethanga kunye naso phezulu kwesifo se-shin. Ukuguqulwa kwamadolo okutshatyalaliswa nako kunokuthatha indawo yendawo yokudibanisa phantsi kwe-kneecap, indawo yokutshintshela i-patellofemoral .
Ngaba Unelungelo Elikhethekileyo Kuwe?
Ukuguqulwa kwamadolo okuncinci kwimizuzu emininzi yenzelwe izigulane ezine- arthritis enamandla emadolweni angayifumananga nokhuseleko kunye nononyango olungagqirha. Unyango lunokubandakanya amayeza omlomo , i- cortisone injections , ukuqinisa umzimba kunye nokulahleka kwesisindo .
Ukuba ezi zonyango azaneleyo, kwaye awunelisekile, ngoko utyando lungaqwalaselwa.
Ukuhlinzwa okudlulileyo kwamadolo kunokwenzeka ukuba i-arthritis emadolweni ivalwe kwindawo ephantsi. Ukuba i-arthritis ixhaphake kakhulu, ukutshintshwa kwamadolo athile akufanelekanga , kwaye akufanele kucatshangelwe.
Ukongezelela, utyando oludlulileyo lwamadolo lunconywa kwizigulane ezi:
- Umdala kuneminyaka engama-55
- A nga phezulu
- Abasebenzi abanzima okanye abagijimi
- Ngaba unemigqaliselo eqinile (ngokukodwa i-ACL)
Ukuba ezi ngqinisiso azithotywanga, ngoko utyando oludlulileyo lwendlela yokuguqula idolo lungenakuphumelela. Ngelishwa, izigulane ezininzi azivumelekanga kule nkqubo.
Ukuhlaselwa kweeNguqulelo
Izigulane ezininzi ezinomdla ekutshintsheni ngamadolo athile zine-arthritis eziphambili kakhulu kule nkqubo. Ngenxa yokuba unyango olugqithisiweyo lubhekwa njengesigxina sokugqibela kwizigulane ezininzi, ngexesha lotyando olufunekayo, isifo se-arthritis sinokugqithiseleka kakhulu ukuba sicinge ngokutyunjwa kwamadolo. Ukuba ukuguqulwa kwamadolo okukhethayo kwenziwa kwigulane engumgqatswa ohluphekileyo, izinga lokungaphumeleli liphezulu, kwaye ukuguqulwa ekutshintsheni kwamadolo onke kungadingeka .
Iinzuzo zoKutshintsho okuKhethekileyo
- Ukunyuswa okuncinci: Ukuhlinzwa okutshintshwa kwamadolo okuqhelekileyo kuququzelelwa ukuchukumisa malunga neesentimitha ezili-8 ngaphambi kwegolo. Kukho ukuchithwa okubalulekileyo okufunekayo ukugqiba inkqubo ngokuthelekiswa nokuhlinzwa okwenziwa ngamadolo . Kwi-minimalally invasive partial knee subst substitution, isicatshulwa malunga nee-intshi ezi-4, kwaye inani le-dissection kunye nokususwa kwethambo lincinci kakhulu.
- Ukulahlekelwa kwegazi elincinci: Ngenxa yobungakanani bokusasazeka kunye nokususwa kwethambo kubalulekile ukutshintshwa kwamadolo ngokuphela, isidingo sokumpontshelwa igazi asiqhelekanga. Ngendlela yokuguqa ngamadolo , ukuxilongwa kwegazi kuyadingeka kakhulu, kwaye izigulane akudingeki ukuba ucinge ngokunikela igazi ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
- Ukubuyiselwa okufutshane: Bobabini ixesha esibhedlele kwaye ixesha lokubuyisela ukusebenza lincinci kunye nendawo yokuguqula idolo. Izigulane ziyaziwa zikhutshwe ngosuku lwenkqubo, nangona amaninzi izigulane zikhutshwa ngomhla wokuqala okanye wesibini emva kokusebenza. Ngokuguqulwa kwamadolo ngokuqhelekileyo, izigulane zihlala zihamba phambi kweentsuku ezintathu esibhedlele, kwaye zingadinga ukuhlala kwiyunithi yokuvuselela isiguli.
- I-Knee Kinematics eqhelekileyo: Ukunyakaza kwamadolo kudibanisa kwaye kuxhomekeke ekusebenzisaneni kwamalungu akho, imizila, imisipha kunye neetononi ezijikeleze idibeneyo. Xa kugqityiwe idolo egcweleyo, ezininzi zezi zakhiwo ziyakususwa ukuze zivumele ukufakelwa kwendlela yokuguqula idolo. Ngokutshintshelwa ngamadolo, ininzi yalezi zakhiwo zihlala, kwaye ngoko i-mechanics kunye nokunyakaza komanyano zihlala ziqhelekileyo. Enyanisweni, uphando lubonakalisile ngokucacileyo kubantu abaye bagqitywa ngamadolo ngokugcwele kwicala elinye kwaye bahlukileyo ngaphesheya, ukutshintshwa kwamadolo abo okhethekileyo kunomuva "oqhelekileyo."
Iziphumo zexesha elide zihle kakhulu xa ukutshintshwa kwamadolo okhethekileyo kwenziwa kwiigulane ezifanelekileyo. Izifundo ezidala zibonisa iziphumo ezingaphumelelanga, kodwa ezi ziphumo zicingelwa ngenxa yokukhetha isiguli. Ukuba inkqubo yenziwe kwisigulane esine-arthritis esasasazekayo, iziphumo zinokwenzeka ukuba zincinci. Ukuba ugqirha wakho akacebisi ukutshintshwa kwegama elidlulileyo, unakho kule meko. Ukuba ngaba kunjalo, unyango olungakumbi olulondolozayo (umz. Iilenki , unyango lomzimba, amayeza, njl
Ukuguqulwa kwi-Total Knee Replacement
Xa izigulane ezinokutshintshwa kwendoda ekhethekileyo zikhethiweyo ngokufanelekileyo, inkqubo eyimimandla encinci iyaphumelela. Oko kwathiwa, ezinye izigulane ziyaqhubeka nokuhlakulela i-arthritis kwezinye iindawo zamadolo. Kwakhona, ezinye izigulane zithwala igxobhozo lokuguqa ngamadolo, okanye likwazi ukuphuma ngaphakathi emadolweni. Zonke ezi meko ziza kufuna utyando olongezelelweyo, kwaye mhlawumbi ukuguqulwa kwi- optical knee operation . Ukuguqulwa ukusuka ekutshintsheni ngamadolo okutshintshela ekutshintsheni kwamadolo apheleleyo kunokuba nzima ngakumbi ngenxa yokuhlinzwa kwangaphambili, kodwa akuqhelekanga kwaye iziphumo zokuguqulwa zilungile.
Ezinye iingxaki ezinokuthi ziguqulwe ngamadolo athile zifana neengozi zazo zonke izithuba zokufakelwa ngokubandakanya kubandakanya ukusuleleka, iingubo zegazi kunye neengxaki ze-aneshesia. Kubalulekile ukuba nencoko nodokotela wakho malunga neengozi zale nkqubo yokuhlinzwa.
> Imithombo:
> Borus T, Thornhill T. "Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty" J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2008 Jan; 16 (1): 9-18.