Iingxaki zentliziyo zixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abanomdla. Ukuba unogada, bobabili kunye noogqirha bakho kufuneka nilumke ngokukodwa ngentliziyo yenu ngexesha lesiganeko sokubetha, ngexesha lokubuyisela - kwaye emva koko.
Iintlobo zeengxaki zeCardia zibonakala nge-Stroke
Zininzi iintlobo zeengxaki zentliziyo zivame ukubonakala kubantu abanobuhlungu.
Ezi ziquka ukungena kwe-myocardial (ukuhlaselwa kwintliziyo), ukungaphumeleli kwintliziyo , kunye ne-cardiac arrhythmias- ngakumbi i-fibrillation ye-agriyo , i- tachycardia ye-ventric kunye ne- fibrillation ye-ventricular .
Iingxaki zeentliziyo ezinxulumene nezibetho zingabangelwa yi-stroke ngokwayo, okanye ibangelwa yinkqubo efanayo efanayo eyenza ukukhwabanisa (ngokuqhelekileyo, i- thrombosis ye-artery). Okanye, ingxaki yentliziyo ingaqala kuqala, kwaye ukuphazamiseka kunokubangelwa kuyo. (Oku kudla ngokubonakalayo xa i-fibrillation ye-atrial ivelisa i-brain).
Ngoko naliphi na ukubetha kunzima ngxaki yentliziyo, kubalulekile ukuba ugqirha enze yonke imizamo yokulungisa izizathu-kunye-nentsingiselo. Olu lwazi luyimfuneko ukwenzela ukuba unyango oluchanekileyo lunokukhethwa ukuba luphucule kwaye lukhusele iingxaki ezininzi kwixesha elizayo.
I-Stroke ne-Myocardial Infarction
Njengama-13% amaxhoba asebekhulile abaneminyaka engama-60 okanye ngaphezulu aya kuba nokuhlaselwa kwentliziyo kwisithuba seentsuku ezintathu zesifo.
Ngokwahlukileyo, akuqhelekanga ukuba isifo senhliziyo sifakwe ngokukhawuleza sisifo.
Ngenxa yokuba ezininzi izigulane ezinesihlungu esibuhlungu zingaba nobunzima bokubona okanye ukubika iimpawu zesifo senhliziyo , ingxaki yentliziyo ingabonakali. Ngako oko, kubaluleke ukuba oogqirha banakekele izigulane zokubethelwa ukuba bajonge ngokucophelela ngeempawu zesifo senhliziyo.
Oku kubandakanya ukuhlola ii- ECG ubuncinane imihla ngemihla iintsuku zokuqala kunye nokujonga i- enzyme ye- cardiac for signs of heart damage.
Akucaci ukuba kutheni intliziyo ehlaselekileyo kunye nemivimbo eqhelekileyo iqhutyana ndawonye rhoqo. Kungenzeka ukuba abanye abantu abane- atherosclerosis bangadlulela kwixesha apho ingozi ye- thrombosis kwisayithi yiphina i-atherosclerotic plaque iphakamileyo ngokukodwa (umzekelo, ngosuku okanye ezimbini emva kokutshaya i-cigarette ).
Ekubeni ama-plaque atholakala kwiimitha zeetriyiti ezinika intliziyo kunye nengqondo, ngexesha leemeko ezinobungozi obuphezulu kunye nokuhlaselwa kwentliziyo kuya kwenzeka ngokukhawuleza.
Kubaluleke ngakumbi ukuba oogqirha baphathe ukuhlaselwa kwentliziyo ekhuselekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba isiguli asinaso isifo ngaphambi kokuba basebenzise izidakamizwa ze-thrombolytic (oko kukuthi, "i-clot busters"). Nangona ukuchithwa kwe-thrombosis kwi-coronary artery ngokuqhelekileyo yonyango, ukuchithwa kwe-thrombosis kwisifo seengqondo kungakhokelela ekugqibeleni ubuchopho kunye nokugqithisa okukhulu kwesifo.
Ekugqibeleni, inyaniso yokuba umntu ubenokubethelwa ngengozi kubeka kwindawo engozi enkulu yokuhlaselwa kwentliziyo. Oku kungenxa yokuba, kwiimeko ezininzi, uhlangothi olugqithiseleyo lubangelwa yi-atherosclerosis, isifo esifanayo esikhokelela ekuhlaselweni kwentliziyo.
Ngoko abaninzi abantu abaye basinda kwi-stroke kakhulu banokuba ne- coronary artery disease (CAD) , kwaye kufuneka benze imizamo enobudlova yokunciphisa ingozi yabo yekamva.
Ukwaphulwa kwesisu kunye neNtliziyo
Isisu siyakunxulumana nokushaywa kwenhliziyo entsha okanye kwandipha.
Ukungaphumeleli kwintliziyo kunokubangela ukuba ukubetha kuhamba kunye ne-infyoction ye-myocardial.
Ngaphezu koko, ukubetha ngokwayo kungabangela ukuba buthathaka kwentliziyo ngokuvelisa ukwanda okukhulu kwizinga le-adrenaline (kunye nezinye, utshintsho olunezantsi lweengxaki ze-neurological). Olu tshintsho lunokubangela i- heartchemchem ischemia (ukungabikho kwe-oksijini kwintliziyo yentliziyo) nakubantu abangenaye i-CAD.
Umonakalo wentliziyo obangelwa yi-"neurologically-mediated" ye-carchemac ischemia, ehlala ihlala isigxina, ixhaphaza ngokugqithiseleyo kubantu abaselula, abasempilweni abanesifo ngenxa yesigxina.
I-stroke idibaniswa nexesha elifutshane "elimangalisa inhliziyo," apho inxalenye yesifo senhliziyo ngokukhawuleza eyeka ukusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo. Le meko, mhlawumbi iyafana nokuthiwa "i- heart syndrome ephukileyo ," inokuvelisa iziganeko ezinzima, kodwa zisesigxina, ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo.
I-Stroke neCardiac Arrhythmias
Iimpawu ze-cardiac arrhythmias ziyabonakala kwimihla embalwa yokuqala kwi-25% yezigulane ezivunyelwe esibhedlele ngesifo esibuhlungu.
I-arrhythmia edla ngokuqhathaniswa ne-stroke i-fibrillation ye-agrifu, echaza ubuninzi beengxaki zesithintelo senhliziyo.
Iingqungquthela ezisongela ubomi zingenzeka kwakhona, kubandakanywa i-fibrillation ye-ventric kunye nokuboshwa kwenyama. Kwiimeko ezininzi, izilungiso ezinjalo ezibulalayo zibangelwa kwi- QT syndrome ende , enokubangela ukubetha.
I- bradycardia ebalulekileyo (izinga lentliziyo elincinci) linokuvela emva kokuphazamiseka. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-bradycardia iyadlula, kodwa ngezinye iinkalo ibhloko yenhliziyo ebonakalayo ibonakala, idinga ukufakwa kwe- pacemaker .
Isishwankathelo
Iingxaki zentliziyo ezinzulu zixhaphaka emva kokuxabana. Nabani na ohlaselwa ngesibalo kufuneka ahlolisiswe ngokucophelela kwaye ahlolwe ubuncinane iintsuku eziliqela ukuba kwenzeke i-myocardial infarction, ukungaphumeleli kwintliziyo, kunye ne-cardiac arrhythmias. Kwaye ngenxa yokuba isithintelo sivame ukubonisa ukuba usemngciphekweni omkhulu weengxaki zexesha elizayo, amanyathelo amanyathelo okunciphisa umngcipheko wentliziyo yakho ibaluleke ngakumbi xa unesifo.
> Imithombo:
> Touzé E, Varenne O, Chatellier G, et al. Umngcipheko weMyocardial Infarction kunye neVascular Death Emva kokuhlaselwa kwe-Ischemic kunye ne-Ischemic Stroke: uVavanyo oluCwangcisiweyo kunye ne-Meta-Analysis. Stroke 2005; 36: 2748.
> Kumar S, Selim MH, Caplan LR. Iingxaki Zonyango Emva kwesisu. Lancet Neurol 2010; 9: 105.
> AmaSamuels MA. I-Brain-Heart Connection. Ukuhamba ngo-2007; 116: 77.