Iprogram ye-Preschool iyakwazi okanye ayiyiyo into efanelekileyo kwiimfuno zakho ezithile
Ukuba unako ukhetho lokugcina umntwana we- autistic ekhaya uze udele ngokwaneleyo ukuya kubantwana, kufuneka uyenze? Impendulo iya kuxhomekeka kumanani amaninzi kubandakanya:
- Iimfuno zomntwana wakho, imingeni kunye nezinto ezikhethiweyo
- Iminikelo yakho yoluntu kunye nokuvuleka kumntwana ongu-autistic
- Ukufumaneka kweprogram efanelekileyo yokufunda okanye yokufunda
- Ukukwazi kwakho kunye nokuzimisela ukusebenza nomntwana wakho ekwakheni izakhono zonxibelelwano loluntu
- Ukufumaneka kwezikolo ze-esikolweni okanye ngaphandle kwe-theraji kwiindleko onokuzifumana
Iinkonzo kunye neNgxowa-mali yokuSekwa kweKhaya
Iinkonzo. Isimo sekhaya singasilungelelanzela abafundi base-autistic. Inika indawo ekhuselekileyo nekhuselekile eyenziwa ngabanye kwimfuno yengane yakho, kwaye ingaba isilungiselelo esilungileyo sonyango olunzulu olucetyiswa rhoqo. Igalelo elinobuchule linokulawulwa , kwaye ulindelo luhlala luqhubekayo yonke imini. Abanye abaphengululi bavakalelwa kukuba ukuqonda ekhaya kuya kuphucula ukufunda kwaye ukuba abazali ngabagqwesileyo abangcono kakhulu. Sekunjalo, abanye banomuvo wokuthi akukho zikhetho ezingcono.
Ukuphuhliswa kunye nokudlala , ezifana ne-RDI, i-Floortime, kunye ne-Sonrise ngokuqhelekileyo kunikezelwa ngabazali kwimeko yendalo. Izikolo zasesekondari ezizodwa kunye neeklinikhi zingaze zinikeze le nkqubo. Ukuba unika unyango ophuhliso, ke ikhaya lingaba luhle okanye lukhetho kuphela.
Kwiindawo ezininzi umhlala-ekhaya umzali akufanele ahambe yedwa; izithili zesikolo kunye / okanye i-arhente ye-autism yesithili inikeza inkxaso enhle kunye nabaphandi abajikelezayo, kunye namaqela enkxaso ye-autism yimithombo ephezulu yokudlala kunye namanye amathuba omphakathi. Indlela efanelekileyo yokuqala ukufikelela kwezi zikhetho kukuqhagamshelana ne-agri ye-autism yakho yeenkonzo zokungenelela kwangaphambili kunye nokuxhuma kunye namaqela enkxaso yendawo ukuze udibane nabanye abazali okanye abanonophelo onjengawe.
Umxhasi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukhetho lokunyamekela ekhaya lithetha ukuba umntu, ngokuqhelekileyo ungumzali, kufuneka azimisele kwaye akwazi ukuhlala ekhaya kunye nomntwana osemthethweni. Umzali wokuhlala ekhaya akakwazi ukuba nexesha kunye namandla kumsebenzi oqhelekileyo ukongeza kuwo wonke umsebenzi ochaphazelekayo ekunyamekeleni umntwana ongu-autistic. Okona, abaninzi abantwana abane- autism bahamba phambili kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo, ezilungiselelwe. Ukuba unabantwana abancinane okanye usebenza ukusuka ekhaya, indawo yokuhlala ingaba yinto engalindelekanga, ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ididekile.
Ngaphandle kwemibandela ecacileyo kwaye ebaluleke kakhulu yezemali, indima yokuhlala ekhaya umzali kumntwana ophethe i-autism akuyena wonke umntu. Inendima ngokuqhelekileyo ibandakanya ukusebenza njengengcali ngexesha lokungenani inxalenye yosuku, ukulawula ukuziphatha komntwana wakho ngaphandle kwekhaya ngelixa uthengela kwaye uya kwindawo yokudlala kunye nezinye izicwangciso, kwaye usebenza njengomphathi wee-manyrapists kunye noogqirha oba ebomini bakho. Nangona abanye abazali befumana olu hlobo locelomngeni olunomdla kwaye lukhuthaze, abanye bafumanisa uxinzelelo, kunzima kwaye kunzima.
Iimveliso kunye neNgxowa-mali yeSicwangciso seSchools
Iinkonzo. Kwimimandla ephakamileyo, inqanaba lokufunda elincinci okanye elizeleyo lifumaneka ngaphandle kwentlawulo kuzo zonke iintsapho.
Abantwana abane-autism abafumana nje kuphela imfundo yezemfundo kodwa (nakwiimeko ezininzi) bathola ubuncinane bonyango esikolweni. Imimandla emininzi nayo ineenkqubo ezimbalwa zemfundo zangasese ezijoliswe ngqo kubantwana abaneemfuno ezizodwa. Ngokuxhomekeka kwiimfuno zomntwana kunye neminikelo yazo (kwaye, ngokuqinisekileyo, iimali zakho) i-school school yangasese ingaba ngumdlalo omkhulu.
Izikolo zokufundela abantwana kwiindawo eziqhelekileyo zihlala zihlala zihlala (nangona kunjalo kungekho njalo) zabasebenzi abaqeqeshwe ngokukodwa ukuxhasa iimfuno zabantwana bakho. Ziye zakhiwe, zihambelana, kwaye zizo zonke izixhobo ezisekuhlaleni zisebenze kwizakhono ezivela ekusebenzisaneni kwezentlalo ukuya kulungelelaniso lwezithuthi.
Iiplanga zesikolo nazo zinikeza inzuzo ebalulekileyo yoluntu lwabahlobo kunye nabazali babo, into enzima kakhulu ukuyidala esuka emhlabathini xa unomntwana ongu-autistic.
Kwezinye iimeko (ngokukodwa xa ukhethe ukwelashwa okuphambili komzali okufana nexesha lomgangatho okanye i-RDI) kulungile kwaye kunenzuzo kubazali ukubonelela unyango. Kodwa ukuba umntwana wakho ufumana uhlalutyo lokuziphatha olusebenzayo (ABA) , akukho sizathu esenza ukuba umntwana wakho abe ekhaya: I-ABA ngokubanzi ihlinzekwa ngabangewona abazali ngeeyure ezininzi ngeveki.
Umxhasi. Nangona indawo yokufunda yasesikolweni ingaba yingozi, inyaniso kukuba ezininzi zezikolo ezinokufundela azikude. Unokufumanisa ukuba umntwana wakho uyaphumelela kumava, okanye unokuba namava amaninzi. Unokufumanisa ukuba abasebenzi abathile "abaqeqeshwe" ngokwenene bancedisa ootitshala ababeye kwintetho kwi-autism. Unokufunda ukuba abanye abantwana kwiklasi lomntwana bakho banokukhubazeka kakhulu kunabantwana bakho, ukwenza inzentlalo kunye nokufunda nzima.
Ukuba umntwana wakho usekuqaleni, nangakumbi ngeenkonzo zokungenelela kwangaphambili, unokufumanisa ukuba ukukhulisa abantwana (okanye mhlawumbi abazali babo) banokungaphantsi kokukulungele ukufikelela kunye nokubandakanya umntwana wakho (kunye nawe) kumaqela abo asekuhlaleni kwaye imisebenzi yangaphandle yesikolo.
ILizwi
Kungakhathaliseki ukuba ukhetha ikhaya okanye ukufundela esikolweni, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba unako ukutshintsha ingqondo yakho, okanye udibanise uze udibanise. Akukho nto efanelekileyo okanye engalunganga; impendulo oyifumanayo iya kuxubusha ngokukhethekileyo kwintsapho yakho, indawo yakho kwaye, ngokuqinisekileyo, umntwana wakho. Njengoko ucinga ngesigqibo sakho, zibuze le mibuzo:
- Ngaba sinokukwazi ukuba nomzali omnye ahlale ekhaya?
- Umntu onokuhlala njani ekhaya umzali onokuvakalelwa njani malunga nenxaxheba ekhaya kwikom Ngaba uya kuziva evekile, edinwe, okanye egxininiswe? Okanye, ngaba uyazibandakanya, avuyiswe, kwaye aneliswe amandla?
- Umntwana wakho ufuna ntoni okanye ufuna? Ukuba umntwana wakho unxulumene nentlalontle kwaye uyazibandakanya, kunye / okanye uhambelana kakuhle kwiprogram yokufunda esikolweni esele ikhona, kunokuba kunengqiqo ukunika i-school school try. Ukuba umntwana wakho ubonakala efuna uninzi lwe-1: 1 unyango (kwaye unako kwaye ufuna ukukunika), ikhaya lingaba luncedo olukhulu.
- Yintoni abanye abantwana bakho abayidingayo? Ngaba ukugcina umntwana ongu-autistic ekhaya ugxininise kakhulu kwixesha kunye namandla onawo kwabanye abantwana bakho?
> Imithombo:
> Szatmari, Peter, et al. Uphuhliso lweeNkcazo zeMpawu kunye nokuSebenzisana nokuSebenzayo kwiCandelo lokuQala lokuBantwana beSchools ne-Autism Spectrum Disorder. JAMA Psychiatry. Matshi 1, 2015; 72 (3): 276-283. i-doi: 10.1001 / jamapsychiatry.2014.2463
> Zwaigenbaum, uLonnie, et al. Ukungenelela kwangaphambili kubantwana abane-Autism Disect Disorder Ngaphantsi kweminyaka eyi-3 yobudala: Iziphakamiso zokuSebenza kunye noPhando. I-Pediatrics, Oktobha 2015, I-Vol 136 / Issue Supplement 1.