Ukudlala unyango kunokunceda bobabini nabazali
Abantwana abaselula bafunda ngokudlala. Ngokuqhelekileyo abantwana bathuthukisa ukudlala ukuzakhela izakhono zenyama kunye nezentlalo, ukuzama ubuninzi bobuqu kunye nabalingiswa, kunye nokwakha ubungane. I-Autistic children, nangona kunjalo, inokudlala ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo . Basenokwenzeka ukuba badlale bodwa, kwaye umdlalo wabo uvame ukuphindaphinda, kungekho njongo ethile engqondweni.
Ngasekhohlo, abantwana be-autistic bahlala bexakeke, bengakwazi ukuhlola ubungqina babo okanye iimfuno zabo.
Ukudlala unyango luyisixhobo sokunceda abantwana be-autistic bahlale ngokugcwele. Kwakhona, phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo, kuba sisixhobo sokuncedisa abazali ukuba bafunde ngokubanzi ngakumbi abantwana babo kwibala.
Ziyintoni Ukunyanga Ionyango?
Ukudlala unyango lwaluqala ukuba lukhulelwe njengesixhobo sokubonelela ngengqondo yengqondo kubantu abatsha abajongene nokukhathazeka, ukukhathazeka kunye nokugula kwengqondo. Ngaloo mxholo, umdlalo uba yindlela abantwana abenza ngayo iimvakalelo zabo baze bafumane iindlela zokuhlangabezana.
Olu hlobo lonyango ludlala luyaziwa; Nangona kunjalo, akuyona into efanayo nokudlala unyango njengoko kusetshenziselwa abantwana abane-autism.
Iingcali ezininzi ezinika into ethiwa "ukudlala unyango" kubantwana abane-autism ngokwenene inikezela into efana ne-Floortime Therapy. Ixesha leMigangatho yindlela yokudlala esekelwe kwiminqweno yezingane ezizimeleyo okanye iimfuno zokuphuhlisa ubudlelwane kunye nezakhono zoluntu / zonxibelelwano.
Iprojekthi ye-Play enye indlela yokwelapha esebenzisa ukudlala njengesixhobo sokwakha izakhono kubantwana be-autistic. Njengexesha le-Floortime , lakhela kwiminqweno yabantwana.
Kunokwenzeka ukuba uqinisekiswe ngokusemthethweni kwi-Floortime unyango ngokusebenzisa inkqubo yesatifikethi equka uluhlu olubanzi lwemixholo.
Esi sibonakaliso sinikezelwa kwiBhunga eliManyeneyo kwiZiko loPhuhliso kunye neZifundo zoLwazi (ICDL) kodwa alunakunyulwa yiyo nayiphi na imibutho yezobuzwe. Ngako oko, ininzi "yokudlala i-therapists" ayinakunikwa kakhulu njengokuba bafumana amava kunye / okanye baqeqeshiwe. Ewe, njengokuba kukho konke ukwelashwa kwe-autism, i-onus ingumzali ukuphanda imvelaphi yeengcali, ukuqeqeshwa, kunye neenkcukacha, kunye nokujonga ngokuthe ngqo inkqubela.
Kutheni Umntu Ophethe Autism Ufuna Ukubona Umdlali Weengcali?
I-Autism yinkxalabo yentlalo-nxu lumano. Abantwana abane-autism bafumana nzima kunzima ukuxhamla nabanye ngeendlela eziqhelekileyo. Esikhundleni saloo ndlela, umzekelo, ukuzenza idoli ngokwenene umntwana, banokugxininisa kakhulu kwizinto, bazisebenzise ngokuzivuselela, baze baziphathe ngokuzenzekelayo.
Ukudlala kuyithuluzi elihle lokunceda abantwana (ngamanye amaxesha nangabantu abadala) ukuba bahambe ngaphaya kwe-self-absorption into self-sharing, okwabelwana ngayo. Ukusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo, ukudlala kunokuvumela abancinci ukuba bahlolisise iimvakalelo zabo, indawo yabo, kunye nolwalamano lwabo nabazali, abantwana babo kunye noontanga.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukudlala unyango kunokuvumela abazali ukuba bathathe inxaxheba ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukisweni komntwana.
Ukudlala unyango kunokufundiswa kubazali, kwaye, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, abazali bangaba ngutshabavuza wengane ngelixa bekwakha ubuhlobo obunamandla, obunentsingiselo ngakumbi.
Yimuphi umdlavuza weMidlalo Ngaba
Umdlali odlala kakuhle uza kuhla phantsi ngomntwana wakho aze amthathe ngokungenele kumdlalo wokudlala. Ngokomzekelo, ugqirha unokubeka inani lemidlalo efunyanwa ngumntwana onomdla, kwaye umvumele ukuba anqume ukuba, ukuba yintoni na, imthanda. Ukuba uthabatha isitimela seetoyiti aze agijime emva nangaphandle, ngokucacileyo engenamdla, umgqirha angathabatha enye isitimela aze ayibeke phambi komzila womntwana, evimbele indlela yayo.
Ukuba umntwana uyasabela, nokuba uthetha ngomlomo okanye kungengomlomo, ulwalamano luqalisile.
Ukuba umntwana akaphendulanga, umgqirha unokukhangela i-interest-high-interest options, ukukhetha umntwana. I-Bubble blowing idla ngokuphumelelayo, njengemidlalo ehambayo, i-squeak, idlidliza, kwaye yenze into ethile.
Ngokuhamba kwexesha, oogqirha baya kusebenza nomntwana ukwakha izakhono zokulungelelanisa (ukwabelana, ukuthatha i-turn-taking), izakhono zokucinga (ukuzenza ukunyusa isilwanyana sokudlala, ukupheka izakhono zokuzenzela) kunye nezakhono zokucinga ezingabonakaliyo. Njengoko umntwana eba ngcono ukukwazi ukuxhamla nabanye, abantwana abongezelelweyo bangeniswa kwiqela, kwaye izakhono zentlalo yoluntu ezinzima ziphuhliswa.
Abazali abaninzi bafumana ukuba bayakwazi ukudlala unyango ngokwabo, basebenzisa ii-videotapes kunye neencwadi njengesikhokelo. Abanye bathembela kumava oqeqesho abaqeqeshiweyo. Kwaye kunjalo, abanye bakhetha ukuzisela abantwana babo kumdlali wecala okanye kuba ne-therapist eze ekhaya labo. Kwimeko nayiphi na into, ukudlala iitherapist kunokunika abazali izixhobo zokuxhuma kunye nokuzonwabisa nabantwana babo kwi-autism .
Indlela Yokufumana Umdlali Ogqithisiweyo Wokudlala
Ukudlala unyango lunokunikezelwa kwenkqubo yokungenelela kwangaphambili njengenkonzo yehhala, okanye ingafakwa kwiinkqubo ezizodwa zemfuno zasesikolweni. Akungenakwenzeka ukuba ifakwe kwisikolo esikolweni esikolweni esikolweni, nangona kunokwenzeka ukuba wenze loo nto ifanelekileyo kumntwana wakho. Ngaphandle kwale nkqubo, akunakwenzeka ukuba unyango luza kuhlanganiswa nayiphi na intshuwalense, ngoko umzali ukufumana nokuhlawula umgqirha.
Ukuba ukhangele inkcazo eqinisekisiweyo yomgangatho weP Floor, yiya kwiwebhusayithi ye-Floortime kwaye ujonge umphathiswa wengingqi. Ukuba awuhlali kufuphi nomzi omkhulu, akunakwenzeka ukuba uya kufumana umntu onjalo, oku kuthetha ukuba unokufuna ukuhamba kunye / okanye usebenze nomgqirha kumgama omde. Oku kufezwa ngokudibanisa kwamavidiyo abelwe kunye neenkomfa zefoni; ngelixa lingafanelekanga, oku kunokuba luncedo.
Ukuba ufuna umntu wendawo onamava kunye nezakhono zokudlala unyango ngendlela eqhelekileyo, unokufumana oko ufunayo kwiphilisi yomsebenzi okanye yengqondo yengqondo enezingane ezikhethekileyo kwi-autism. Unokufumana uphuhliso lwenkqubo yonyango (ngokuqhelekileyo kwinkqubo yeqela) enikezwa ngeeklinikhi ze-autism, izibhedlele, okanye iinkonzo zabaniki bamacandelo.
> Imithombo:
> Hess, uEstere. I-DIR® / Ixesha lomgangatho: Ubungqina obuSebenzayo obuBhekiselele kwiNyango ye-Autism kunye neNgxaki yokuCocisa ngokuBonelela kwabantwana nakwi-Adolescents . Int J Impilo Yomntwana Hum Dev 2013; 6 (3): 00-00.
> USolomon, uRichard. Iprogram yoHlaziyo lwasekhaya lweNkqubo yoNxibelelwano lwaBantwana abancinci abane-Autism Disorders Disorders: I-Trial Control Control . J Dev Behav I-Pediatr 35: 475-485, 2014.